DRUGS USED IN DENTAL PRACTICE PART 2

1. IN
DENTISTRY
DENTAL PHARMACOLOGY
DRUGS SPECIFICALLY USED
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PART2

2. 12/26/2018 PATKI 2

3. ASTRINGENTS IN DENTISTRY
• Precipitate proteins on the surface. Used as
hemostats and mummifying agents.
• Tannic acid,30% used in mouthwashes
• Zinc chloride- Gingivitis, pyorrhoea.
• Zinc sulphate
• Copper sulphate
• Alum
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4. Bleeching agnets
• Remove the pigments
• Oxidizing agent-
Perhydrol, sodium
peroxide, Chlorinated
lime.
• Reducing agents-
Sodium thiosulphate,
Silver, iodine
• Ultravoilet rays.
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5. MUMMIFYING AGENTS
• Used to harden and dry tissues during
rootcanal. Pulp can be hardened.
• Tannic acid used with glycerine
• Paraform-zinc oxide and creosate, liberates
formaldehyde.
• Idoform-iodine release
• Toothache drops- Benzocaine, clove oil
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6. Styptics
Stop bleeding
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7. Styptics
• Local hemostatics used to arrest bleeding.
Cotton gauze
• Gelatin sponge
• Fibrin foam
• Human or bovine thrombin
• Adrenalin
• Astrigents, Tranexamic acid. Ethamsylate
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8. MOUTH WASHES
• Aqueous solution used for swishing the oral
cavity.
• 15-30 ml per rinse
• Therapeutic mouth wash-reduce dental
plaque, dental caries, gingivitis,stomatitis.
• Cosmetic mouthwashes- halitosis, dental
whiteness.
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9. Mouth washes
• Alcohol,
• Humactants- Glycerine
and sorbitol
• Surfactants-
Polyetheline
derivatives.
• Sodium lauryl sulphate
• Cetyl
• Flavouring agents-
peppermintoil, menthol
• Coloring agents-
methylene blue,
magenta
• Medicated-pilocarpine,
antimicrobials, etc
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10. FLUORIDES
IN DENTISTRY
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11. Fluorides
• In 1940 relationship between fluoride deficiency
and caries teeth was established.
• Dental fluorosis is related to concentration of
fluoride in water. Optimal- 1.0 ppm.
• Fluoride added to drinking water reduced caries.
Widespread use of fluoride in toothpaste .
• Excess of fluorides leads to ADRs.
• Topical 2% fluoride in dentifrices reduces caries
by 30%
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12. Prevention of caries
• Fluoride
• Avoid colds, carbohydrate drinks
• Regular teethcare,
• Use of mouthwashes. Antiplaque agents
• Deflossing.
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13. fluorides
• Stannous fluoride
• Sodium fluoride
• Sodium
monoflurophosphate
• Amine fluoride
• Fluoride toxicity-mottling
of teeth, discolor,
osteosclerosis, joint pain.
• Fluoride prophylactically
• Prevent decalcification of
tooth by inhibiting
bacterial enzymes
producing lactic acid.
• Prevent enamel weakness
• Remineralise enamel.
• Therapeutically- 2% is
applied locally on teeth.
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14. Dental
desensitizers
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15. Dental sensitivity
• Common, mechanical, chemical or thermal
stimuli lead to sensitivity problems.
• Loss of enamel and nerve exposure
• Drugs used-Potassium nitrate, Potassium
oxalate, Formaldehyde
• Potassium nitrate in mouthwash or dentifrices
can minimize sensitivity in 4-5 weeks.
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16. Dental sensitivity
• Dental tubule closure- Potassium nitrate 5%
• Calcium hydroxide
• Tubule sealants-Glass ionomers
• Capping
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