1. Integrated Transport Services -
Cashless Transactions / Smart Card
โSession II โ Taking Transit - Integrated Public Transport Servicesโ
November 10, 2014
Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
2. Multimodal Transport โ Moves Towards a network
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.. To an integrated network:
โข Changing socio-economic
context => Optimising the use
and capacity of the system
โข Improving the accessibility of the
system and creating a
comprehensive network
=> Cross subsidies
โข Efficiency of hub and spoke
network
From a fragmented network..
(Several operators, different fares
and ticketing systems, competition
between companies )
3. โฆ. To Smart and Connected Transport
The world is changing and old terms are also changingโฆ
Integrated Multi-Modal
Transport
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โSmartโ and โConnectedโ
Transport
Integrated
Multi-Modal
Transport
System
4. โSmartโ and โConnectedโ Transport
Integrated or Connected Transport Infrastructure requires:
Institutional
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Physical
Transaction Information
6. What is Smart Transportation System
Parking
Information
System
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6
Automated
Vehicle
Location
System
Automated
Fare
Collection
System
Intelligent
Signaling
System
Real-Time
Traffic
Information
System
Real-time
Monitoring
System
Interactive
journey
planner for
all modes
Car Sharing
Cycle
Sharing
Systems
7. Cashless Travel on Public Transport
Cashless travel in India is still limited to Metro System and
Organized Taxi Service
โข Cashless travel on public transport is popular in developed countries
and gaining some momentum in developing countries
โข Cashless transaction not only provides easy method to collect revenue but
also produces large quantities of data for better planning and monitoring
โข In India, Metro Systems and Taxi Companies are using these options
more for better accountability and smoother transaction
โข Sadly, the bus-based public transport system still lags behind in this
area, which is available in more cities and carries more passengers
โข Most of STUs are still using paper tickets for fare collection and following
conventional system. There is a need to modernize fare collection
mechanism to accommodate cashless travel.
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8. Modes of Cashless Transaction
Mainly use for
Smart Card NFC
Mobile Wallet Application Smart Tags
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Mainly use for Mainly use for
Mainly use for
9. Smart Card for Transport E-Ticketing
Magnetic Stripe Card โ Mainly use for banking transaction
and Information are stored by modifying the magnetism of
tiny iron-based magnetic particles
โข Transport e-ticketing is expanded after the use of smart cards technology
โ Smart cards are able to store enough information to process monetary
transactions and card holderโs details for security purposes
โข There are two categories of smart cards that can be used for public
transport e-ticketing:
โ A single purpose transit pass
โ An electronic purse (eโpurse) card
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Smart Card โ Mainly use for public transport system and
information are stored in a microchip and transmits data
using radio frequency identification (RFID)
10. Smart Card for Integrated Transport E-Ticketing
Smart Cards are still the most common form of Transport
e-ticketing, which is being used around the world
โข Public transport operators around the world has adopted new electronic
media (Smart Cards / NFC) to replace paper-based tickets to introduce
electronic ticketing systems
โข The cities are implementing multimodal transportation ticketing system
or Integrated Transport e-ticketing, combining all modes on a single ticket
using smart card and/or other technologies
โข e-ticketing can be used as a tool to facilitate the combination of modes
and the transfer between them. Further, the system can be extended to
other areas like retail stores, library or tourist sites
โข Interoperability, common specifications and identical commercial
structures are important to introduce for integrated fare collection system
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11. Advantages of Integrated Transport E-ticketing
โข Enables commuters to carry one card for use on all transit modes
โข Facilitates the multi-modal travel behaviour
โข Allows faster boarding and help to reduce trip times
โข Just takes 150 milliseconds to complete the transaction
โข Collects authentic data about travel pattern and behaviour
โข Data can be used to inform transport policy and the planning of service
โข Allows the operator to offer discounts to commuters for specific trips
โข Can balance demand and increase patronage in off peak periods
โข Allows faster revenue reconciliation with recorded data on travel patterns
โข Equips authorities to detect and deter fare evasion
โข Integrates with other transport service like parking, tolls and taxis
โข Promotes cashless economy by integrating with convenience stores
Easy to Use
Improve
Boarding
Travel Data
Collection
Demand
Management
Reduce Revenue
Pilferage
Multiple Use of
Smart Cards
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12. Global Examples of Integrated Transport E-ticketing
โข Established in 2005 and owned
by all five key transport operators
โข Used by 99% of people in Hong
Kong aged 15 to 64
โข Can be used for fare payments for
bus, taxi, subway, train, tram, and
ferry services
โข Can be used for smallโvalue
payments in the retail sector,
access control for residential and
commercial buildings
โข Established in 2003 and owned by
Transport for London (TFL)
โข Over 43 million Oyster cards had
been issued and more than 80%
of all journeys on public transport
in London were made using the
card by June 2012
โข Can be used for fare payments for
bus, Tube, tram, DLR, London
Overground and most National
Rail services in London
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Ez-link Card of Singapore
โข Establish in 2002 and owned by
Land Transport Authority (LTA)
โข More than 10 million cards in
circulation and around 8 million
transactions everyday are made
on the system, primarily for public
transport fares
โข Can be used for fare payments
for public transport travel, as well
as other commercial purposes
and non-transit applications
13. Key Factors for Integrated Transport E-ticketing
To implement successful Integrated E-ticketing, there is a need to
setup common goal and policies for all operators
โข There should be a government authority with statutory control over all
modes of transport and mandates to setup Common Clearing House
โข There should be a high-level of coordination and co-operation
between all public transport providers and the suppliers
โข There is need to identify and establish common technology platform for
all key stakeholders, instead of compulsion to use old technology
โข It is important to ensure that the cost of technology should be
economical for all modes of transports and shared by all stakeholders
โข There should be integrated tariff for seamless transport for the
passengers and gives discount to consumers for use of multiple modes
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14. Opportunities to implement Integrated E-ticketing
About City
Public Transport
New Delhi Mumbai Bangalore
Area: 1,484 Sq. Km
Population: 22 million
No. of Vehicles: 7.22 million
Area: 603 Sq. Km
Population: 21 million
No. of Vehicles: 2.02 million
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Area: 741 Sq. km
Population: 9.6 million
No. of Vehicles: 3.79 million
Metro: 190 kms
Buses (Public): 4,938
Buses (Cluster): 1,217
Suburban: 427.5 kms
Metro: 11.40 kms
Mono Rail: 8.9 kms
Buses (Best): 4,700
Metro: 19.5 kms
Buses (BMTC): 6,745
Taxi: 52,884
Auto: 100,000
Taxi: 55,000
Auto: 246,000
Taxi: 40,185
Auto: 150,000
โข Smart Cards and Tokens
system is implemented by
Delhi Metro
โข Handheld Fare Collection
machines in all Cluster
buses
โข Smart Cards system is
implemented by Suburban
Railways and Reliance
Metro
โข Handheld Fare Collection
machines in some buses
โข Smart Cards and Tokens
system is implemented by
Namma Metro
โข Handheld Fare Collection
machines in some buses
Para Transit
Automated Fare
Collection
15. Indian Examples of Smart Card Fare Collection
Delhi Metro Smart
Travel Card
โข Delhi Metro has implemented Automatic Fare Collection system
using Contactless Smart Card as multi-ride ticket in 2005. The
contactless smart card compliant to Type A Mifare Desfire (4Kbytes)
โข Currently, DMRC is selling more than 20,000 cards per day and
currently has around 6.1 million cards in circulation
โข Delhi Metro has introduced the smart card system in the city.
However, DMRC is not ready to make any change in technical
specification and allows other modes to integrate with its system
โ Delhi Metro has integrated its system with Gurgaon Metro as
they are using Thales Automatic Fare Collection, which is very
costly for bus operators
70% of Delhi Metro
travelers are smart
card users
Other Smart Cards in India
Namma Metro Travel Card Reliance Metro Travel Card Indian Railway Smart Card
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16. Challenges to Implement Integrated E-ticketing
โข Responsibility to plan, construct, operate and manage different modes
of transports are with different agencies. There is no single agency
โข The government plays very critical role to facilitate standardization and
coordination among players, which is missing in India
โข Metro System has access to fund and can procure technology from
outside, whereas bus operators can not adopt the same technologies
โข Bus Transport is still controlled by STUs and Individual Operators.
Further, most of the cities are largely dependent on informal transport
โข Transport networks are complex and unorganized in India. It is difficult
to encompass every fare rate possible for every service provider
across an entire network.
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Controlling Demand
Diffusing Demand
Managing assets working more efficiently.
Delhi Metro is facing lot of problem related to missing tokens. In the periord 2009-2012, the company lost around INR 50 Million ($900,000) due to lost or stolen tickets.
Delhi Metro is using Philips Mifare DESfire (4KB) technology for Smart Card and Sony Felica RFID chips in its tokens