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Strategic Action Planning for Revival
of Bangalore Lakes
Workshop organised by
Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development and
Finance Corporation Ltd.
04 April 2013, Bangalore
A presentation made by
Bhargavi S. Rao and Leo F. Saldanha
Environment Support Group
www.esgindia.org
esg@esgindia.org
Bangalore's sprawl at the cost
of water security
Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 Row 4
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Column 1
Column 2
Column 3
Aren't Cities overreaching
their environmental limits
A city's ambition is quite
independent of its environmental
limits. Can this growth be
sustained?
A costly clean-up that has not delivered
Largely untreated waters of Vrishbhavathi enters Byramangala
tank which irrigates vegetable gardens, orchards, paddies, ragi
and sugarcane fields, and also recharges ground water
Water Economics for Bangalore
Lifting Cauvery to
quench Bangalore's
thirst
•Cauvery water is supplied to
Bangalore from 100 kms. away
and lifted over 500 metres head.
•This demands enormous
investment of energy and
infrastructure.
•Cauvery waters meet needs of
half the city's populus. Rest
depend on ground water, much of
which is polluted.
How much water in Kabini?
Justice N. K. Patil Committee on Preservation of Lakes in Bangalore
constituted in PIL filed by Environment Support Group
Key recommendations of Justice N. K. Patial Committtee
 Immediate action to remove
encroachments from lake area
and also the Raja Kaluves (canals
interconnecting lakes) by
undertaking legal survey of area.
 Lake restoration is to be taken up
based on lake series/sub-series
and not in isolation.
 Stop entry of raw sewage and
dumping of garbage into lakes;
penalise offenders.
 Select lakes that are relatively
undisturbed, and rehabilitate
them into drinking water
reservoirs.
 All lakes and Raja Kaluves to be
“live fenced” by growing endemic
trees and shrubs.
 All traditional and cultural
practices, especially livelihoods
related to lakes, to be protected.
Key recommendations of the Justice N. K. Patil Committee
 Lakes which have very high
biodiversity, especially of migratory
waterfowl, will be notified for
conservation under the Wetland
(Conservation and Management
Rules), 2010, per the Environment
Protection Act, 1986.
 Promoting the involvement of local
communities in lake preservation and
restoration, the report recommends
constitution of lake management
committees involving local residents
and voluntary organisations.
 Protect the interest of traditional users
of the lakes such as dhobis
(washerpeople), fisherpeople, etc. and
public access must not be restricted.
Key Features of Karnataka High Court
Directions in ESG PIL on Lakes
1. Spatial extent of 38,000 lakes and interstitial canals across Karnataka to be
protected by undertaking legal survey and the maps and information made public.
2. Sewage, industrial effluents and garbage polluting lakes to immediately stop.
3. Mandatory “No Development Zone” of min. 30 metres along lake boundaries.
4. All encroachments to be removed; humane rehabilitation of poor.
5. All lakes and canals to be live fenced with endemic trees and plants with emphasis
on provision of food and nutritional security to local communities.
6. Lakes to be rehabilitated based on ecologically sensible principles and as potential
drinking water sources.
7. Desilting only when absolutely necessary; no more creation of ‘soup bowls’ as is
the practice by BDA and BBMP.
8. District Lake Protection Committee to be constituted drawing representatives from
elected bodies, forest, environment and irrigation department, local communities
and experts, for monitoring maintenance and rehabilitation of lakes.
9. Apex Appellate State Lake Protection Committee set up involving the Karnataka
State Legal Services Authority, an adjunct body of the judiciary, with power to
attend to complaints relating to rehabilitation and protection of lakes.
10. State Government allocates Rs. 50 crores, with matching contributions from BBMP
and BDA to rehabilitate Bangalore lakes.
Karnataka High Court 7th July 2011 Direction in
ESG’s Lakes PIL seeking specific recommendations
from Justice N. K. Patil on the issue of Privatisation
and Commercialisation of Lakes
Justice N. K. Patil observations on issue of
Privatisation and Commercialisation of Lakes
Justice N. K. Patil Recommendations on issue of
Privatisation and Commercialisation of Lakes
Karnataka Government in its Affidavit before the High Court
has confirmed that it will not, any more, support privatisation
and commercialisation of lakes.
Little Compliance by concerned agencies in implementing the
Karnataka High Court directions
 Many Lakes continue to be cesspools, and
dumpyards for garbage and debris
 Lack of awareness of the Committee’s
recommendations among local communities and
agencies
 Lake bed areas continue to be encroached in
violation of the court order
 Lack of monitoring of violations by regulatory
agencies
 Karnataka Government is yet to constitute District
and Apex Lake Protection Committees, a year after
the order was passed, and is in Contempt of Court.
Success Story - Subramanyapura Lake protected with Judicial
intervention and joint efforts of local community and media
Lessons learnt: Community
involvement, especially Lakes
dependent Livelihoods
 Fisherfolk, Dhobis, farming and livestock
rearing communities, Harvesting of lotus are
some of the livelihoods that are dependent on
access to lakes. Involving these communities
go a long way in restoring and maintaining
lakes.
 Making lakes centres of recreation alone will
destroy them beyond repair
Next Steps: Suggestions and Recommendations
 Understand, appreciate and raise
awareness about the water bodies
as a whole and not individually.
 Lakes-Groundwater-Streams-
Rivers, the entire hydrologic cycle,
needs to be protected from
chemical pollution.
 Promoted “constructed wetlands”,
small scale ETPs, to cleanse water
dirtied by cities.
 Enforce rain water harvesting,
encourage local recycling, remove
surface impermeable urban surface
dressing, … let water flow.
 Reclaim Lakes as Our Commons
Water- Human need or right?
 "Water, say the World
Bank and the United
Nations, is a 'human
need,' not a 'human
right.'... A human need
can be supplied in many
ways, especially by those
with money. No one can
sell or trade a human
right.”
Maude Barlow, co-author
“Blue Gold: The Fight to Stop
Corporate Theft of the
World's Water”
UN declares Access to Water a basic human right –
Adds Article 31:
Everyone has the right to clean and
accessible water, adequate for the health
and well-being of the individual and
family, and no one shall be deprived of
such access or quality of water due to
individual economic circumstance.
 The UN has declared that access to
clean water and sanitation is a
fundamental human right.
 A non-binding resolution was passed
with 122 nations in favour, none
against and 41 abstentions.
 Abstaining countries said the
resolution could undermine a
process in the UN's Human Rights
Council in Geneva to build a
consensus on water rights.
THANKYOU

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Strategic Action Planning for Revival of Bangalore Lakes _ESG

  • 1. Strategic Action Planning for Revival of Bangalore Lakes Workshop organised by Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development and Finance Corporation Ltd. 04 April 2013, Bangalore A presentation made by Bhargavi S. Rao and Leo F. Saldanha Environment Support Group www.esgindia.org esg@esgindia.org
  • 2. Bangalore's sprawl at the cost of water security Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 Row 4 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Column 1 Column 2 Column 3
  • 3. Aren't Cities overreaching their environmental limits A city's ambition is quite independent of its environmental limits. Can this growth be sustained?
  • 4. A costly clean-up that has not delivered
  • 5. Largely untreated waters of Vrishbhavathi enters Byramangala tank which irrigates vegetable gardens, orchards, paddies, ragi and sugarcane fields, and also recharges ground water
  • 7. Lifting Cauvery to quench Bangalore's thirst •Cauvery water is supplied to Bangalore from 100 kms. away and lifted over 500 metres head. •This demands enormous investment of energy and infrastructure. •Cauvery waters meet needs of half the city's populus. Rest depend on ground water, much of which is polluted.
  • 8. How much water in Kabini?
  • 9. Justice N. K. Patil Committee on Preservation of Lakes in Bangalore constituted in PIL filed by Environment Support Group
  • 10. Key recommendations of Justice N. K. Patial Committtee  Immediate action to remove encroachments from lake area and also the Raja Kaluves (canals interconnecting lakes) by undertaking legal survey of area.  Lake restoration is to be taken up based on lake series/sub-series and not in isolation.  Stop entry of raw sewage and dumping of garbage into lakes; penalise offenders.  Select lakes that are relatively undisturbed, and rehabilitate them into drinking water reservoirs.  All lakes and Raja Kaluves to be “live fenced” by growing endemic trees and shrubs.  All traditional and cultural practices, especially livelihoods related to lakes, to be protected.
  • 11. Key recommendations of the Justice N. K. Patil Committee  Lakes which have very high biodiversity, especially of migratory waterfowl, will be notified for conservation under the Wetland (Conservation and Management Rules), 2010, per the Environment Protection Act, 1986.  Promoting the involvement of local communities in lake preservation and restoration, the report recommends constitution of lake management committees involving local residents and voluntary organisations.  Protect the interest of traditional users of the lakes such as dhobis (washerpeople), fisherpeople, etc. and public access must not be restricted.
  • 12. Key Features of Karnataka High Court Directions in ESG PIL on Lakes 1. Spatial extent of 38,000 lakes and interstitial canals across Karnataka to be protected by undertaking legal survey and the maps and information made public. 2. Sewage, industrial effluents and garbage polluting lakes to immediately stop. 3. Mandatory “No Development Zone” of min. 30 metres along lake boundaries. 4. All encroachments to be removed; humane rehabilitation of poor. 5. All lakes and canals to be live fenced with endemic trees and plants with emphasis on provision of food and nutritional security to local communities. 6. Lakes to be rehabilitated based on ecologically sensible principles and as potential drinking water sources. 7. Desilting only when absolutely necessary; no more creation of ‘soup bowls’ as is the practice by BDA and BBMP. 8. District Lake Protection Committee to be constituted drawing representatives from elected bodies, forest, environment and irrigation department, local communities and experts, for monitoring maintenance and rehabilitation of lakes. 9. Apex Appellate State Lake Protection Committee set up involving the Karnataka State Legal Services Authority, an adjunct body of the judiciary, with power to attend to complaints relating to rehabilitation and protection of lakes. 10. State Government allocates Rs. 50 crores, with matching contributions from BBMP and BDA to rehabilitate Bangalore lakes.
  • 13. Karnataka High Court 7th July 2011 Direction in ESG’s Lakes PIL seeking specific recommendations from Justice N. K. Patil on the issue of Privatisation and Commercialisation of Lakes
  • 14. Justice N. K. Patil observations on issue of Privatisation and Commercialisation of Lakes
  • 15. Justice N. K. Patil Recommendations on issue of Privatisation and Commercialisation of Lakes Karnataka Government in its Affidavit before the High Court has confirmed that it will not, any more, support privatisation and commercialisation of lakes.
  • 16. Little Compliance by concerned agencies in implementing the Karnataka High Court directions  Many Lakes continue to be cesspools, and dumpyards for garbage and debris  Lack of awareness of the Committee’s recommendations among local communities and agencies  Lake bed areas continue to be encroached in violation of the court order  Lack of monitoring of violations by regulatory agencies  Karnataka Government is yet to constitute District and Apex Lake Protection Committees, a year after the order was passed, and is in Contempt of Court.
  • 17. Success Story - Subramanyapura Lake protected with Judicial intervention and joint efforts of local community and media
  • 18. Lessons learnt: Community involvement, especially Lakes dependent Livelihoods  Fisherfolk, Dhobis, farming and livestock rearing communities, Harvesting of lotus are some of the livelihoods that are dependent on access to lakes. Involving these communities go a long way in restoring and maintaining lakes.  Making lakes centres of recreation alone will destroy them beyond repair
  • 19. Next Steps: Suggestions and Recommendations  Understand, appreciate and raise awareness about the water bodies as a whole and not individually.  Lakes-Groundwater-Streams- Rivers, the entire hydrologic cycle, needs to be protected from chemical pollution.  Promoted “constructed wetlands”, small scale ETPs, to cleanse water dirtied by cities.  Enforce rain water harvesting, encourage local recycling, remove surface impermeable urban surface dressing, … let water flow.  Reclaim Lakes as Our Commons
  • 20. Water- Human need or right?  "Water, say the World Bank and the United Nations, is a 'human need,' not a 'human right.'... A human need can be supplied in many ways, especially by those with money. No one can sell or trade a human right.” Maude Barlow, co-author “Blue Gold: The Fight to Stop Corporate Theft of the World's Water”
  • 21. UN declares Access to Water a basic human right – Adds Article 31: Everyone has the right to clean and accessible water, adequate for the health and well-being of the individual and family, and no one shall be deprived of such access or quality of water due to individual economic circumstance.  The UN has declared that access to clean water and sanitation is a fundamental human right.  A non-binding resolution was passed with 122 nations in favour, none against and 41 abstentions.  Abstaining countries said the resolution could undermine a process in the UN's Human Rights Council in Geneva to build a consensus on water rights. THANKYOU