Guest Lecture: "BIM & Sustainability" for the MSc. BIM & Integrated Design Summer School 2016. University of Salford, Manchester, United Kingdom Covers: 1. Sustainable Design 2. BIM for Sustainable Design Decision Making 3. BIM for Sustainable Design Compliance (BREEAM example) 4. BIM for Sustainable Design Performance (Passivhaus example)

1. BIM & Sustainability
University of Salford - MSc BIM & Integrated Design: Summer School
18 May 2016
Elrond Burrell, Architype Ltd
@elrondburrell | @ArchitypeUK

2. We design Life Enhancing Genuinely Sustainable Architecture

3. “Essentially, all models are wrong, but some
are useful.”
– George E. P. Box

4. “Software doesn’t design sustainable
buildings, people do.”
– Elrond Burrell

5. Caveats
A UK based Architect’s perspective
BIM tools our teams use:
– Vasari, Revit, Ecotect, IES, PHPP
Sustainable Design is a HUGE topic

6. Overview
1. Sustainable Design?
2. BIM for SD decision making
3. BIM for SD compliance (BREEAM)
4. BIM for SD performance (Passivhaus)

7. 1. Sustainable Design?
Brundtland Commission - Sustainable
development?
• What the earth can sustain
Sustain & nourish people and planet?
• ‘Sustainable’ and delightful, healthy, affordable . . .

8. Climate Change
Image: www.scotland.gov.uk

9. Reducing CO2 Emissions
Energy Efficiency + Renewable Energy

10. EU EPB Directive 2010
Maintain the global temp rise below 2°C
Buildings account for 40% consumption
“near zero energy” buildings required
– all public buildings by 2018
– all buildings by 2020

11. Wider Sustainable Design
Energy / CO2 in use
Energy / CO2 embodied
Water
Materials
Waste
Pollution
Health & Wellbeing
Site ecology

12. BIM for what?
Decision making
Rating compliance
Building Performance

13. How?
3d visual information
Numerical information
Data linking / transfer
REM – Rapid Energy Modelling
Analysis
Cloud computing

14. 2. BIM & Decision making

15. Placement
Adjacencies
Overshadowing
Solar access
Key BIM advantages
– 3d visual information, REM

16. Image: www.david-miller.co.uk

17. Orientation
Solar Gain
Views
Prevailing winds
Key BIM advantages
– 3d visual information, REM

19. Massing & Form
Heatloss
Optimisation
Buildability / Waste
Key BIM advantages
– 3d visual information, REM, Analysis

20. Image: www.passivhaustrust.org.uk

22. Image: www.eurobuilduk.co.uk

23. Planning for Renewables
Orientation
Available space / Visual impact
Overshadowing / Shading
Key BIM advantages
– 3d visual information

26. Fenestration Placement
Orientation
Heat loss / gain
Insolation
Key BIM advantages
– 3d visual information, REM

27. Image: www.la2030studio.net

28. Daylight
Optimisation
Glazing sizing / placement / spec
Balancing against heat loss / gain
Key BIM advantages
– REM, Data linking / transfer, Analysis

30. REM
Heating, Cooling & Building Services
Energy Efficiency & CO2 emissions
Water, Wind, Thermal Comfort
Key BIM advantages
– 3d visual information, Cloud computing

31. REM
LOD: remember Box?
REM ≠ Analysis

32. Image: www.sefaira.com

33. Image: www.vasari.com

34. Image: www.graphisoft.com

35. Image: www.designph.org

36. Waste Reduction
Prefabrication / Componentisation
Material optimisation
Buildability
Key BIM advantages
– 3d visual information, Numerical information

38. Embodied CO2 / LCA
Material selection
Carbon / Environmental impact
Whole life costs
Key BIM advantages
– Numerical information, Data linking / transfer

39. Image: www.impactwba.com

40. Image: www.kierantimberlake.com

41. Responsible Sourcing
Material selection
Environmental Impact
Social impact
Key BIM advantages
– Data linking / transfer

42. Image: www.constructioncode.blogspot.co.uk

43. Energy + Carbon + Cost
REM with a broader context
Optioneering
Whole life optimisation
Cost / value analysis of sustainable designs
Key BIM advantages
– Data linking / transfer, REM, Analysis, Cloud
computing,

44. Image: rapiere.net Declaration: Architype are one of the founding partners of Rapiere

45. More…
Refurbishment / Retrofitting
Water
Biodiversity
Transport
EPDs
…

46. Parametric SD
Form finding
Façade design
SD aesthetic
Key BIM advantages
– 3d visual information, Numerical information,
Data linking / transfer, REM

47. Image: www.architizer.com Architect: www.qlabdesign.com/

48. 123
Architect / Image: www.a2m.be

49. 3. BIM for SD Compliance

50. Ratings schemes
Building Regulations / Codes
BREEAM / Code for Sustainable Homes
LEED
Green Star / Home Star
… and more

51. BIM approaches
Native BIM checking
Semi-native BIM checking
– Export IFC or gbXML for analysis
Rule based checking tools
– Export IFC and apply custom rules

52. Native BIM
Image: www.inthefold.autodesk.com

53. Semi-native
Visual check / evidence within model
Generate data for credits
Generate data to export for analysis

54. Visual Check / Evidence
Man 7 Shared Facilities
One credit may be awarded where evidence provided demonstrates that
shared facilities have been provided as a consequence of consultation
feedback.
Two credits may be awarded where, in addition to the above, evidence
provided demonstrates that these facilities can be accessed without
compromising the safety and security of the building and its occupants.

56. Generate data for credits
Mat 1 Materials Specification – Major Building
Elements
Up to six credits may be awarded where evidence provided demonstrates that the major building
elements specified have either an ‘A+, A or B rating’, as defined in the Green Guide to
Specification.

58. Generate data for analysis
Hea 1 Daylighting
One credit may be awarded where evidence demonstrates that at least 80%
of floor area in each occupied space complies with the following:
• An average daylight factor of at least 2%; AND
• A uniformity ratio of at least 0.4 or a minimum point daylight factor of
at least 0.8% (spaces with glazed roofs, such as atria, must achieve a
uniformity ratio of at least 0.7 or a minimum point daylight factor of at
least 1.4%).

59. Image: www.iesve.com

60. More...
LEED Calculations with BIM
– Recorded at the April 2012 monthly meeting of
the NYC Revit Users Group, this video features
Amy Patel, LEED AP from HOK's
buildingSMART team. She shares an overview
of the LEED process, sustainable design
credits, which ones can be calculated in a BIM
platform and how to do it.
http://youtu.be/VitRNZxF5qw

61. Rule based checking tools
Image: www.aecmag.com Software: www.solibri.com

62. www.regbim.engineering.cf.ac.uk

63. 4. BIM for SD Performance

64. Certification schemes
Living Building Challenge
Minergie
AECB CarbonLite
Passivhaus (Passive House)

65. Passivhaus Standard
“…the world’s leading standard in energy
efficient design”
Rigorous performance standard
Quality assurance
Optimal comfort (ISO 7730)
Minimal energy
Climate specific – works anywhere

66. PHPP: BIM or BEM?
“simplified models, precise data”
Accurate
Open
Parametric
Instant

68. Data for QA
Passivhaus can be seen as a quality
assurance standard that ensure that the right
information is used at the right point in the
process to deliver reliable robust energy
performance & comfort.

69. BIM + Passivhaus
Process
+
Information
+
Model and test
Not box ticking
Not sexy graphics
Not on site

70. BIM for Passivhaus
Simple + Useful + Productive
1. Visual interrogation
2. Accurate Live Numerical Data

71. Visual Interrogation
Design coordination / integration
Thermal Continuity
Heat Loss Envelope

72. Design Coordination

73. Design Coordination

74. Thermal Continuity

75. Thermal Bridges

76. Heat Loss Envelope

77. Accurate Live Data
Treated Floor Area (TFA)
Actual Volumes
Ventilation Volumes
Heat Loss Areas
Window / Door Opening Areas

78. Areas and Volumes

79. Heat Loss Areas

80. Opening Areas

81. What does this deliver?

82. CO2 concentrations typical winter day
Breathe easy!

83. “We feel that our children are more alert and
attentive in lessons due to the amount of
daylight in classrooms and the fresh air
throughout the school ... learning has been
enhanced”
Sara Morris, Head Teacher
Client Satisfaction

84. Bushbury Hills Primary

86. Wilkinson Primary School

88. UEA Enterprise Centre

90. Conclusion

91. BIM enabled SD
Simplified + Integrated?
Image: Albert, Righter and Tittman Architects

92. “Essentially, all models are wrong, but some
are useful.”
– George E. P. Box

93. “Software doesn’t design sustainable
buildings, people do.”
– Elrond Burrell

94. www.architype.co.uk