Presentation by Parwinder Singh (Technical Specialist, NEC Technologies India Pvt Ltd.) and Satinder Jeet Singh (Group Project Manager, NEC Technologies India Pvt Ltd.) FIWARE Global Summit 23-24 October 2019 - Berlin, Germany

1. Building Production Grade IoT Platform
Leveraging FIWARE
Parwinder Singh Technical Specialist (ITPF -IoT/EDGE/Cloud/Security)
Satinder Jeet Singh Group Project Manager (IoT Platform Solutions)
NEC Technologies India Pvt. Ltd.
23-Oct-2019
FIWARE Global Summit, Berlin

2. 2 © NEC Technologies India Private Limited 2019
Agenda
▌IoT Industry Landscape – Present View
▌Common IoT Functions Chain
▌NECTI’s Common IoT Functions (CIF) Architecture
▌FIWARE GES Mapping to CIF
▌A Million Dollar Question ? Functional & Non Functional Compliance
▌Identified Weakness Context
▌Self Service Dashboard Operation View
▌Production Grade Highly Available Deployment for FIWARE
▌NECTI’s FIWARE Driven Success Story/Use Case
▌Performance Results
▌Summary

3. 3 © NEC Technologies India Private Limited 2019
IoT Industry Landscape – Present View
Source:Nasscom
TRANSPORT & MOBILITY
SECURITY & SERVEILLANCE
RATAIL & BANKING
COMMERCIAL BUILDING
SMART INDUSTRIES
SMART HEALTHCARE
WEARABLES COMPUTING
SMARTS CITIES & HOMES
APPLICATION AREA
ENERGY & SMART GRID
CONSUMER/EDGE IoT

4. 4 © NEC Technologies India Private Limited 2019
Complete IoT Function Chain
Source:Gartner
“It is important as you embark on your IoT journey that, as you set your goals, you very clearly
identify the business value rather than the technological challenges.”Mark Hung, VP, Gartner Research

5. 5 © NEC Technologies India Private Limited 2019
NECTI’s Common IoT Functions (CIF) Architecture
Actuators Mobile Devices
IP CameraSensors
Data Context Processing
Data Validation &
Transformation
Data Ingestion
Identity Management
Integration Services
Device Management
Self Service Dashboard
Devices Gateway
RFID Reader
………………..
NGSI(NGSI-LD/NGSIv2) Custom Interface
NGSI(NGSI-LD/NGSIv2) Custom Interface
REST/HTTP/HTTPS Bindings IoT Protocols Bindings
Smart City Digital Factory Logistics…
CommonIoTServicesPlatform
IoT Devices /Data Source
Apps/Services Consumers
Device Interfacing
API Service Gateway/Discovery
Edge/Cloud Infra
Management
UID Services
Device Gateway
Services
Digital Services
Data Visualization
AI/ML Data Analytics
FCAPs & Monitoring
REST/HTTP/HTTPS Bindings
Interfacing Applications
CI/CD Management
Log/Config Management
Service Orchestration
Data History
Business/KPI Reports
OperationsManagement
DataCoreManagement
ServiceManagement
IoTinfraManagement
Data Agents
Management

6. 6 © NEC Technologies India Private Limited 2019
FIWARE GEs Mapping to CIF
Actuators Mobile Devices
IP CameraSensors
Data Context Processing
Data Validation &
Transformation
Data Ingestion
Identity Management
Integration Services
Device Management
Self Service Dashboard
Devices Gateway
RFID Reader
………………..
NGSI(NGSI-LD/NGSIv2) Custom Interface
NGSI(NGSI-LD/NGSIv2) Custom Interface
REST/HTTP/HTTPS Bindings IoT Protocols Bindings
Smart City Digital Factory Logistics…
CommonIoTServicesPlatform
IoT Devices /Data Source
Apps/Services Consumers
Device Interfacing
API Service Gateway/Discovery
Edge/Cloud Infra
Management
UID Services
Device Gateway
Services
E-Seal Digital Services
Data Visualization
AI/ML Data Analytics
FCAPs & Monitoring
REST/HTTP/HTTPS Bindings
Interfacing Applications
CI/CD Management
Log/Config Management
Service Orchestration
Data History
Business/KPI Reports
OperationsManagement
DataCoreManagement
ServiceManagement
IoTinfraManagement
Data Agents
Management
Orion/Scorpio
Draco
Quantum Leap
IoT Agents
Cosmos
NGSI/NGSI-LD
Wirecloud
Keyrock/Autz
Wilma/APInf
FogFlow
IoT agent/
LWM2M..
Wilma/APInfDocker/Swarm
DevOpSwarm
KnowAge/Biz
NGSI/NGSI-LD
NGSI/NGSI-LD MqTT/LoRAWAN ……
FogFlow

7. 7 © NEC Technologies India Private Limited 2019
A Million Dollar Question
▌Is FIWARE GEs are of production grade???
l Functionality Compliance
ØYes (to large extent)
lNon Functional compliance at production scale that should measure the following
• Highly Available
• Scalable
• Secure
• Interoperable
• Performance efficient
• Close loop automation
• Service Orchestration
• Centralized FCAPs management that include monitoring, debugging, logging & alarm handling
ØNo (to large extent)
▌What to do then ?
lWeakness & bottleneck Identification
lFeature/Function Enhancement, Strengthening & Hardening
lRemoval of all weakness & bottleneck at design & at implementation level.

8. 8 © NEC Technologies India Private Limited 2019
Identified Weakness Context (1/2)
Client OrionIoT Agent
Synchronous Single threaded call
Issue#1
• Model Validation
• NGSI conversion
• Sync Update to
Orion
• Single threaded
context framework
• Parsed & validate
• Store in DB & send
response back
• DB Watcher & parallel
Notification for
subscribed entities
Client OrionIoT Agent
Asynchronous/Multi-processed Call
Resolve: Issue#1
• Cached Validation
• NGSI conversion
• Async Update to
Orion (option)
• Multi processed/
threaded context
• Parsed & validate
• Store in DB & send
response back
• DB Watcher & parallel
Notification for
subscribed entities
Outcome: 4x performance boost
Wilma OrionIoT Agent
Distributed overhead, Data loss chances
• Segregated responsibility
• Latency overhead
• End device’s integration restriction &
distributed call flow
• Data reliability at Orion only following
long data path.
Issue#2
Keyrock
I/P
VDG OrionIoT Agent
Abstracted & Reliability
• Abstracted responsibility
• Latency overhead minimised
• Simplification integration due to
functional abstraction in VDG.
• Data reliability & async processing
Keyrock
I/P
Resolve: Issue#2
*VDG- Virtual
Device Gateway
Outcome: 20x performance boost

9. 9 © NEC Technologies India Private Limited 2019
Client
Client
Identified Weakness Context (2/2)
Mong DB replication & scalabilityIssue#3
• Primary is taking all load
• Replication using secondary&
read/Write operations is handled
by primary set creating it
bottleneck in the given data path
Resolve: Issue#3
Issue#4 Service Orchestration
MongoDB
MongoDB
Primary
Secondary
Secondary
Client
MongoDB
• Config Store cluster metadata
mapping of shards
• Router use metadata to interface
the application operations with
shards
• Parallel Read write operations
MongoDB
MongoDB
Shard(replica set)
Shard(replica set)
Shard(replica set)
Mongo
Router
Config
Server
• Production Grade Orchestration
• Multi-tenant Service Orchestration
• Service Monitoring & Auto
scaling/healing
• Upgrade/Update
• Centralized configuration update,
logging & tracing
• Lack of self service dashboard
Resolved: Issue#4 Service Orchestration
• Orchestration using Kubernetes
• Using project/namespace level tenancy deployment
• Use of CNCF components like Prometheus & use of policy
driven event triggers to kick in Auto scaling/healing
• Upgrade/Update using HA proxy with load balance techniques.
• Centralized configuration update, logging & tracing using
Fluentd or ELK and Jaeger.
• Enriched user operations unified dashboard shown (e.g. in
next slide)
Client
MongoDB

10. 10 © NEC Technologies India Private Limited 2019
Self Service Dashboard Operation View
10
1. Create
Environment
2. Add
Component
from Catalog
Service
3. Deploy the
Environment
4. Consume
IoT Service
5. Charge by
Billing System
6. Delete the
Environment

11. 11 © NEC Technologies India Private Limited 2019
Production Grade Highly Available Deployment Model for FIWARE

12. NECTI FIWARE Driven Success Story
Logistics Use Case Domain

13. 13 © NEC Technologies India Private Limited 2019
Executive Summary
▌First commercial deployment of FIWARE by NECTI is carried out in the last week of
September successfully for DMICDC Logistics Data Services (DLDS)’s Logistics Data
Bank (LDB) service with the target to track 0.8 million IoT enabled containers entities
per month over FIWARE platform.
▌Since Go-Live (last week of Sep 2019), more than 4+ million (& counting) transactions
has been processed via FIWARE system so far
▌NECTI has enhanced and productized the FIWARE platform as Common Services IoT
Platform for commercial usage for various Smart Industry & Smart city verticals
▌FIWARE IoT Platform has been enhanced from three viewpoints
lFeatures enhancement for design improvement, data reliability, smart data visualization &
functional hardening of various FIWARE GEs e.g. IoT agents, Orion, Draco, Keyrock etc.
lSecurity for devices has been added to offer authentication, authorization in a generic way to
leverage any kind of IDM & security abstraction. It also address the security issues of devices
that may have limited computing power & find hard to process security logics.
lPerformance improvement from 300-400 transaction per sec to 25+K transaction per
second has been achieved. NECTI has achieved it using its own component VDG (Virtual
Device Gateway) along with FIWARE components

14. 14 © NEC Technologies India Private Limited 2019
▌“Logistics Data Bank (LDB) Service” is an overarching solution that integrates the
information available with various agencies across the supply chain to provide detailed
real time information within a single window.
▌User can track and receive status notification for in-transit containers. SMS/E-mail
notification feature is available for registered users.
▌Bulk assignments/Multiple containers can be inter-linked and tracked via a
single/common tracking ID.
▌ Container tracking process flow: https://www.ldb.co.in/ldb/containersearch
About Logistics Data Bank (LDB) Service

15. 15 © NEC Technologies India Private Limited 2019
Logistics Data Bank (LDB) Coverage at PAN India
95% of
INDIAN PORTS
COVERED
50+
TOLL
PLAZAS
18M+
CONTAINER
S HANDLED
135+
CFS/ICDS
1400+
RFID
READERS
24x7 ROUND
THE CLOCK
OPERATIONS
400+
OPERATORS
PAN INDIA
AND
GROWING
…
22 Port
TERMINALS

16. 16 © NEC Technologies India Private Limited 2019
with FIWARE
Without FIWARE
LDB Case Study: Leverage FIWARE In Logistics Domain
Virtual Device Gateway End-to-End data flows
Intermediate
Data ServerIntermediate
Data Server
Application
MidllewareApplication
Midlleware
Front End
ApplicationsFront End
Applications
Intermediate
Data
Processing
Servers
Application
Middleware
LDB
Application
Client Server Model Monolithic Implementation
Lack of Standard Interfaces
Scalability, Security & Interoperability issues
Huge Impact on upgrade/update Long Data path & non real time.
Application
MidllewareApplication
Midlleware
Front End
ApplicationsFront End
Applications
FIWARE GEs
LDB
Application
Platform Services Model Microservices Implementation
Open & Standard Interfaces
Easily Scalable, Secure & Interoperable
No impact Upgrade/update
Vendor Agnostic device registration & API driven Integration
Shortest data path & real time
Saving CAPEX & OPEX
Multiple vendor & dependent software components Surging CAPEX & OPEX
VDG
VDG
VDG
DataSources(IoTDevice)
FIWARE based Generic Enablers Platform
*Abstractedviewdue
todataconfidentiality
LDB APP

17. 17 © NEC Technologies India Private Limited 2019
Performance results after configuration optimization
q Enabled multiprocessing at IoT agent
(bottleneck due to single threaded nodeJs framework)
▌Performance KPI business requirement for LDB Business team
lTotal No. of RFID Readers Currently : ~1400
lTotal No. of expected RFID Readers in next 3 years : ~ 3000
lPeak Load per Hour is ~10 K
▌Performance Testing Results measured for LDB over FIWARE Go-Live setup:
Threads/Connect
ions
Time Throughput
(Requests/second)
Total Requests Error
1000 60 seconds ~229.8 13790 0%
Performance results before configuration optimization
Performance Results Achieved for LDB on FIWARE
Threads/Connect
ions
Time Throughput
(Requests/second)
Total Requests Error
2000 60 seconds 1683.93 100980 0%

18. 18 © NEC Technologies India Private Limited 2019
Performance Testing Results for FIWARE Upgraded architecture (*):
q Multi Node Performance (HA & LB - 3 Nodes).
(Here Throughput can be scaled further w.r.t scale in infra & optimization)
Threads/Connect
ions
Time Throughput
(Requests/second)
Total Requests Error
100 160 seconds 9285.45 1485672 0%
Performance Testing Results for FIWARE Upgraded architecture (*):
q Single Node Performance (Non HA/Non LB)
Threads/Connect
ions
Time Throughput
(Requests/second)
Total Requests Error
100 160 seconds 26106.30 4179658 0%
Note (*) FIWARE IoT Platform Arch. design enhancement is done using a newly developed VDG
(Virtual Device gateway) component and the given result are taken based on that performance.
This performance is only applicable for data push operation from devices side to the IoT platform.
VDG (Virtual Device Gateway) – A service consists of Security abstraction, data validation &
scheduler of work for other components in the IoT platform. Improves data reliability, performance &
functional interface. This can be perceived & leveraged as digital twin in future.
Performance Results Achieved for FIWARE Common Services IoT PF

19. 19 © NEC Technologies India Private Limited 2019
Summary
▌IoT horizon is extending very rapidly with lots of industry player involved.
▌Common IoT services shall be realised through standard i.e. NGSI /NGSI-LD & open
APIs and reference implementation of FIWARE.
▌Production grade solutions comes up with coverage of Functional & Non Functional
Compliance mandate.
▌All weakness & limitation for mission critical properties (i.e. performance, security, data
reliability, operability, availability & connectivity) can be addressed to easily uplift
FIWARE as the best choice candidate for production grade IoT solution.
▌NECTI’s has leveraged the FIWARE to realize its CIF architecture for its end customer
successfully and has also addressed all FIWARE weakness & achieved remarkable
performance throughput (1600 req/sec with existing component optimization &
25K per second with newly developed component) to deliver quality to end customers.

20. Thanks…
Contact:
Email: satinder.singh@india.nec.com
parwinder.singh@india.nec.com

21. 21 © NEC Technologies India Private Limited 2019
IoTPlatform-
as-a-Service
Infrastructure
as-aService
End-to-End IoT Service Orchestration - View
Cloud Provisioning
Virtual Resource Provisioning
Kubernetes Cluster Orchestration
FIWARE/IoT Services orchestration
IoT Application Integration Endpoints
Bare Metal Provisioning (OS)
Network Connectivity Configuration
Prerequisites Packages Installation
Service
Orchestration
Node (OSS
Automated
Deployment
Framework Tooling)
#Node
1
#Node
2
#Node…N**
End User Service Management
Endpoints/Interfaces
Infra-as-a-
Service
Platform-as-a-
Service
SaaS