This document discusses the evolution of cities and argues that the 21st century is the century of the city. It outlines challenges facing modern cities like pollution, congestion, and population growth. It then introduces the concept of a city platform that treats a city's data and services as an open platform. A city platform could help cities collaborate to solve common problems and create marketplaces by establishing a network effect. The document advocates for a holistic smart city approach using a city platform to meet citizen needs and curate a digital ecosystem through multi-stakeholder governance. Significant progress has already been made in developing business models, technical capabilities, and open APIs to support the vision of a city as an open platform.

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The City as a Platform
enabling a data economy
Carl Piva
Vice President
TM Forum

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The 14th to the 17th Century:
Evolution of City States
Frescos by Raphael in the Stanza della Segnatura in the Vatican Palace

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The 19th Century:
The Century of the Empire
The extent of the British Empire in 1886

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The 20th Century:
The Century of the Nation State
Europe in 1923

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The 21st Century:
The Century of the City?

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Pollution
Waste
Energy
Congestion
Health
Civil Unrest
Population
Growth
Ageing
Population
Increasing
Income
Urbanization
Economic
Shift East
Information
Age
Cities are under pressure

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There are common challenges

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Collaboration between city ecosystems
is a key to ‘city smartness’

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A 4P model is the
basis for evolving to
a smarter city PEOPLE
PUBLICPRIVATE
PARTNERSHIP

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Digital Service Enabler
• Platform-based business model
• CSP capabilities open to ecosystem
partners
• Mixed ecosystem curator & participant
roles
2020 CSP
• Software-defined Telco
• DSP and DSE capabilities
• Agile, Innovative, Transformed
• Analytics driven to create customer-
defined experiences and “as-a-
service” for ecosystem partners
Traditional CSP
• Traditional sources of revenue
(connectivity, voice/text, data) and
business model
• CSP-controlled customer interaction
Digital Service Provider
• Highly automated, real-time, on-
demand dynamic digital infrastructure
Digital channels with customer-
controlled interaction/self-service
• Rich customer experience
Digital services provisioning
Digitalservicesenablement
Digital disruption in at least two directions
Red ocean
strategy
Blue ocean
strategy

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Why are platform business models
relevant for smart cities?

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Platform companies have a
$4+ trillion market cap

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It is time for our cities to
benefit from this model

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PLATFORM
PRODUCERS
PLATFORM
CONSUMERS
PLATFORM OWNER
PLATFORM PROVIDERS
PLATFORM PROVIDERS
What is so special about the
platform business model?

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PLATFORM
PRODUCERS
PLATFORM
CONSUMERS
PLATFORM OWNER
PLATFORM PROVIDERS
PLATFORM PROVIDERS Network effect:
The more people who use the
platform, the more valuable it
becomes to its users

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City platforms power the greatest
marketplaces on earth

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Need scale to establish the network effect
It is about enabling success
You need both sellers and
buyers to be successful

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Why is it so difficult?
…open data is not enough!

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No business models or rules
No real-time open data
Supply and demand side gaps
…leads to failure in achieving a network effect

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One city
is not a marketplace

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DATA
PRODUCERS
APPLIC
ATIO
N
DEVELOPERSCITYPLATFO
RM
OPEN
APIFRAM
EW
ORK
OPEN
APIFRAM
EW
ORK
DATA
PRODUCERS
APPLICATION
DEVELOPERS
CITYPLATFORM
OPEN API FRAMEWORK
OPEN API FRAMEWORK
DATA
PRODUCERS
APPLICATION
DEVELOPERS
CITYPLATFORM
OPENAPIFRAMEWORK
OPENAPIFRAMEWORK
DATA
PRODUCERS
APPLICATION
DEVELOPERS
CITYPLATFORMOPEN API FRAMEWORK
OPEN API FRAMEWORK
DATA
PRODUCERS
APPLICATIO
N
DEVELOPERS
CITYPLATFORM
OPEN API FRAMEWORKOPEN API FRAMEWORK
Opportunity to create a single
market of connected city platforms

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To build for common success
cities need to work together

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Self
actualization:
achieving ones full
potential, including
creative activities
Esteem needs:
Prestige and filling of accomplishment
Self fulfillment needs
Belonging and love needs:
Intimate relationships, friends
Safety needs:
Security, safety
Physical needs:
Food, water, warmth, rest
Psychological needs
Basic needs
The Maslow
hierarchy of needs

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A holistic smart approach
is easiest achieved over
a city platform
Urban
Actualization
Ecosystem
curation
Multi-stakeholder
governance & engagement
City data platform
Static then real-time open data
ICT Technology Infrastructure
City as a
Platform
Manifesto
Vision alignment
Smart City and
Maturity Model
Peer-to-peer progress
Benchmark, setting goals
Digital Ecosystem
management tools

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The Manifesto is from start supported by more than 40
organisations and cities from all around the world
Already 90 signatories,
including Dubai and Barcelona

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~10 Stakeholder
Groups
~100 Business
Capabilities
3 Model Canvas
Approaches
~15 Technical
Capability Groups
~40 Open APIs
Amazing progress in our ‘city as a platform’ work stream
connecting business models to architecture and APIs

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Thanks!
Carl Piva
Vice President
TM Forum