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Systems of the Human Body
There are 10 organ systems in the Human Body:
– Circulatory
– Respiratory
– Skeletal
– Muscular
– Digestive
– Excretory
– Reproductive
– Integumentary
– Nervous
– Endocrine
Cells work together to form tissues
Tissues work together to form organs
Organs work together to form organ systems
These organ
systems are
woven together
such that one
cannot work
without the other.
Levels of Organization

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Circulatory and Respiratory Systems
Circulatory System
– contains the heart and all the blood vessels
– Responsible for movement of blood, nutrients,
and gases
– Heart pumps blood to lungs to receive oxygen
and then to the rest of the body
Respiratory System
– Responsible for bringing in oxygen and
ridding our bodies of carbon dioxide
– Lungs, diaphragm, and windpipe
– Oxygenates our entire body
teachpe.com
hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca

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Skeletal System
• Includes bones, cartilage, and teeth
• About 206 bones in the Human Body
• 4 major functions:
– Protection – protects vital organs
– Storage – stores minerals and fat
– Movement – muscles pull bones to move
– Blood Cell Formation – make blood cells
• Joint – where 2 or more bones come together; some move (hip)
and some don’t (skull)
– 3 types of joints
• Sliding joint – bones glide over each other (Example: hand)
• Ball and socket joint – like a joystick in a computer game (Example:
shoulder)
• Hinge joint – like a door hinge, flex and extend (Example: knee)

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Sliding Joint
3 types of joints
Ball and socket joint
like a joystick in a
computer game
(Example: shoulder)
Sliding joint
bones glide over each
other
(Example: hand)
Hinge joint
like a door hinge, flex
and extend
(Example: knee)

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Muscular System
• 3 types of muscles:
– Smooth – found only in digestive tract and blood vessel
walls
– Cardiac – only found in heart
– Skeletal – muscle attached to bones
The muscular system works with the skeletal system to
provide movement.
• Voluntary – muscles move under your control
– Example: skeletal muscles, bicep, quadriceps
• Involuntary – muscles that move without you controlling
them
– Example: smooth and cardiac, and sometimes skeletal
(eyes blinking)
• Tendons – connect muscles to bones
• Ligaments – connect bone to bone

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Muscle
Types
Location in the body: Location in the body: Location in the body:
Smooth Cardiac Skeletal
only in digestive tract
& blood vessel walls
only in the heart muscle attached
to the bones

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• Hair and Nails
- Hair gets its color from the melanin
- Hair roots and nail beds have new cells, but your hair
hanging off your head and your nails are all dead
cells,
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Integumentary System
• Skin
– keeps water in your body and foreign particles out
– nerves are in your skin to help you feel
– Regulates your body temperature with the help of sweat glands
– Melanin – absorbs ultraviolet radiation from the sun
– Epidermis – top layer of skin, most cells are dead,
about as thin as 2 sheets of notebook paper
– Dermis – under epidermis, allows skin to bend without tearing
YUCK!
• Includes your hair, nails, and skin
• Largest organ system in your body
• Your body’s first line of defense

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And the rest of them…
• Excretory System - release of wastes and regulates
bodily fluids
• Reproductive System
– Male: produces and delivers sperm
– Female: produces eggs and shelters unborn baby
• Nervous System – receives and sends electrical
messages throughout the body
• Digestive System – breaks down the food you eat into
nutrients for your body
• Endocrine System – regulate body functions by
sending chemical messages
http://www.kidshealth.org/kid/body/digest_noSW.html

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Forces with our body
• Motion and Forces are acting all around us.
They are also acting in us.
– Example: When the heart pumps it exerts a force
which pushes blood throughout the body
– Example: Blood Pressure is measured by the
force exerted on the walls of blood vessels by
blood pushing on them

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Forces with our body
• Motion and Forces are acting all around us.
They are also acting in us.
– Example: When the heart pumps it exerts a force
which pushes blood throughout the body
– Example: Blood Pressure is measured by the
force exerted on the walls of blood vessels by
blood pushing on them