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Course GENG 1.0.1.


                      The Alphabet – Das Alphabet (n.)


Letter   Pronunciation in English              Example

A, a     aa [like a in class]                 Ampel (f.), die [traffic light]

B, b     beh [like b in bus]                  Baum (m.), der [tree]

C, c     tseh [ts]                             Celsius (no article) [degree Celsius]

D, d     deh [like d in dance]                Daumen (m.), der [thumb]

E, e     eh [like e in elephant]              Esel (m.), der [donkey]

F, f     ef [like f in friend]                 Freund/in (m./ f.) der/ die [friend]

G, g     geh [like g in go]                    Grund (m.), der [reason, ground]

H, h     haa [like h in hotel]                 Haus (n.), das [house]

I, i     ee [like i in India]                  immer [always]

J, j     yott [like y in York]                 jeder [everyone]

K, k     kaa [like c in car]                   Kino (n.), das [cinema]

L, l     el [like l in like]                   Lust (f.), die [enjoyment]

M, m     em [like m in mother]                 Mutter (f.), die [mother]

N, n     en [like n in no]                     November (m.), der [November]

O, o     o [like o in oven]                    Opa (m.), der [granddad]

P, p     peh [like p in pencil]                Pause (f.), die [break]

Q, q     kuh [cw as in car + wool]             Quark (m.), der [curd/ curd cheese]

R, r     er [rolling or Scottish r]            Raum (m.), der [room, space]

S, s     ess [soft s like English z]           Sonne (f.), die [sun]

T, t     teh [like t in tea]                   Tee (m.), der [tea]

U, u     uh [like oo in balloon]               Uhr (f.), die [clock]
Course GENG 1.0.1.


V, v          not wow but fow [like f in friend]          Vogel, Vater (m.), der [bird, father]

W, w               veh [like v in vessel]                 Wort (n.), das [word]

X, x               ix [like x in xylophone]               Xylophon (n.), das [xylophone]

Y, y               upsilon [like i in India]              Yoga (n.), das [yoga]

Z, z               set [like s in snake]                  Zitrone (f.), die [lemon]



Umlauts – Umlaute (an Umlaut is a composition of vowels that has, over time, evolved
into a separate letter; the composition is still widely used in international communication
and can often be found in anglicised German surnames such as: Schröder – Schroeder,
Müller – Mueller)

Ä, ä       {ae}    aeh                                    Ärmel {Aermel} (m.), der [sleeve]

Ö, ö       {oe} pronounce o and pull lower lip back to form oee
                                                      Löffel {Loeffel} (m.), der [spoon]

Ü, ü       {ue} pronounce u and pull upper lip back to form uee
                                                      über {ueber} [above, over]

ß           {ss}   eszet                                  Straße {Strasse}, (f.), die [street]



A composition of vowels and consonants

ie     ee                    example: siegen [to win]

ei     i                     example: Ei [egg]

ai     i                     example: Rainer [a name]

eu     oi                    example: Leute [people]

au wow                       example: Haus [house]

ch (soft)      Loch Ness     example: Ich [I]

ch (hard)                    example: machen [to make, to do]

sch        shoe              example: Schuh [shoe]
Course GENG 1.0.1.


Memory Hook for German Vowels

German = English

e = eh

i, y = e

f, v = f

w=v

s=z

z=s

ie = ee

ei, ai = i

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A1/2 The German Alphabet - DINA4 ouline

  • 1. Course GENG 1.0.1. The Alphabet – Das Alphabet (n.) Letter Pronunciation in English Example A, a aa [like a in class] Ampel (f.), die [traffic light] B, b beh [like b in bus] Baum (m.), der [tree] C, c tseh [ts] Celsius (no article) [degree Celsius] D, d deh [like d in dance] Daumen (m.), der [thumb] E, e eh [like e in elephant] Esel (m.), der [donkey] F, f ef [like f in friend] Freund/in (m./ f.) der/ die [friend] G, g geh [like g in go] Grund (m.), der [reason, ground] H, h haa [like h in hotel] Haus (n.), das [house] I, i ee [like i in India] immer [always] J, j yott [like y in York] jeder [everyone] K, k kaa [like c in car] Kino (n.), das [cinema] L, l el [like l in like] Lust (f.), die [enjoyment] M, m em [like m in mother] Mutter (f.), die [mother] N, n en [like n in no] November (m.), der [November] O, o o [like o in oven] Opa (m.), der [granddad] P, p peh [like p in pencil] Pause (f.), die [break] Q, q kuh [cw as in car + wool] Quark (m.), der [curd/ curd cheese] R, r er [rolling or Scottish r] Raum (m.), der [room, space] S, s ess [soft s like English z] Sonne (f.), die [sun] T, t teh [like t in tea] Tee (m.), der [tea] U, u uh [like oo in balloon] Uhr (f.), die [clock]
  • 2. Course GENG 1.0.1. V, v not wow but fow [like f in friend] Vogel, Vater (m.), der [bird, father] W, w veh [like v in vessel] Wort (n.), das [word] X, x ix [like x in xylophone] Xylophon (n.), das [xylophone] Y, y upsilon [like i in India] Yoga (n.), das [yoga] Z, z set [like s in snake] Zitrone (f.), die [lemon] Umlauts – Umlaute (an Umlaut is a composition of vowels that has, over time, evolved into a separate letter; the composition is still widely used in international communication and can often be found in anglicised German surnames such as: Schröder – Schroeder, Müller – Mueller) Ä, ä {ae} aeh Ärmel {Aermel} (m.), der [sleeve] Ö, ö {oe} pronounce o and pull lower lip back to form oee Löffel {Loeffel} (m.), der [spoon] Ü, ü {ue} pronounce u and pull upper lip back to form uee über {ueber} [above, over] ß {ss} eszet Straße {Strasse}, (f.), die [street] A composition of vowels and consonants ie ee example: siegen [to win] ei i example: Ei [egg] ai i example: Rainer [a name] eu oi example: Leute [people] au wow example: Haus [house] ch (soft) Loch Ness example: Ich [I] ch (hard) example: machen [to make, to do] sch shoe example: Schuh [shoe]
  • 3. Course GENG 1.0.1. Memory Hook for German Vowels German = English e = eh i, y = e f, v = f w=v s=z z=s ie = ee ei, ai = i