BIM-naar-GIS dataverwerking: linken en visualiseren

www.gim.be
BIM-to-GIS data
processing
FLAGIS studiedag Geo & BIM,
11 December 2018
Stijn Goedertier

GIM is a company of 70
BIM-naar-GIS dataverwerking - FLAGIS - 11 December 2018 3

GIM focuses on three areas
• Master Address Management
• Geomarketing
• Retail Location Planning
• Risk analyses
• Mobility
• Geocoding
• Custom GIS applications
• Spatial data engineering
• BIM, CAD and GIS integration
• Services for KLIP & KLIM-CICC
• INSPIRE and Open Standards
• OBIA
• Change detection
• Operational monitoring
• LULC
LOCATION INTELLIGENCE GIS & GEOICT EARTH OBSERVATION

In this talk
• Introduction to BIM/GIS standards & software
• BIM-to-GIS data processing
o BIM as a data source for 3D city maps
o BIM as a data source for facility management
o BIM & GIS issue management
o BIM as a data source for augmented reality apps

What is BIM?
The digital (2D/3D) representation of a construction that is used during its
life-cycle (from inception through demolition) for making smarter decisions.
Bridging the gap between BIM and GIS - 13 nov 2018 6
BUILDING INFORMATION MODEL
The process of creating a BIM model.
BUILDING INFORMATION MODELLING
The planning, execution, evaluation, and improvement of information
processes to attain the agreed buisiness goals.
BUILDING INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

BIM versus GIS
GIS
• lower scale
• geospatial CRS
• surfacic (2D)
• Topological relations
• Surveying as source
• Standards: GML (OGC), …
• variety: vector data, coverages,
point clouds, orthoimagery,
elevation models, …BIM
• higher scale
• engineering CRS
• volumetric (3D)
• element composition
• human design as source
• standards: DWG, IFC
(BuildingSMART)
• vector data (documents)
Source: BuildingSmart, Thomas Liebich

There are many (joint) BIM and
GIS standardisation initiatives
Industry consortia:
• BuildingSMART International (IFC, BCF standard, IFC
Alignment)
• OGC (CityGML, LandInfra / Infra GML standard)
Standards organisations:
• CEN / TC 442 BIM
• ISO / TC59 / SC13 BIM
• WG on BIM-GIS interoperability

BIM standard: IFC
IFC is an open, vendor-neutral data standard
Standardised by the buildingSMART
consortium, also legal ISO standard (ISO
16739)
IFC data model defined using EXPRESS
modelling language (ISO 10303)
IFC data in STEP or STEP-XML format (ISO
10303)
IFC defines types like IfcSpace,
IfcBuildingStorey, IfcWall, etc.
Source: buildingSMART

IFC adopts the complex STEP
geometry and topology model
IFC adopts the complex STEP geometry and
topology model from ISO 10303-42, using
Constructive Solid Geometry operations (e.g.
union) and boundary representation (e.g.
extrusion)
See also: FME CSGBuilder, CSGEvaluator
Constructive Solid Geometry (Source: wikipedia)

GIS standards like GML define a
simpler 3D geometry data model
3D geometry types in GML:
 Surface
 Solid
 Composite and Complex aggregates
GML defines a 3D geometry model that is used in application profiles like
CityGML, InfraGML, etc.

Surfaces
Surface
 ‘Surface’ is a planar area in 3D space
 variants: PolyhedralSurface, TriangulatedSurface, etc.
Source: FME SurfaceBuilder Source: FME TinGenerator

Solids
Solids
 A solid is a volume (closed surface) in 3D space
 Defined by a collection of connected surfaces
Source: Safe Software FME SolidBuilder source: http://en.wiki.quality.sig3d.org

City GML is a GML application
schema
• CityGML is a data model for virtual 3D
city models
• GML 3 application schema
• OGC Standard
• Application Domain Extensions (ADEs)
City of Berlin (© virtualcitySYSTEMS)

CityGML defines GIS-style Level of
Detail
Different properties for thematic
structuring and granularity of
geometric representation according
to LoD.
LoD 0 LoD 1 LoD 2 LoD 3 LoD 4

www.gim.be
Make your
BIM and GIS
data flow

BIM and GIS both target new use
cases
Clash detection (“3D BIM”)
Planning (“4D BIM”)
Budgeting (“5D BIM”)
Digital product manufacturing
Predictive maintenance
Emergency response and repair
Real-time sensor metrics
Indoor way finding
Asset tagging and tracking
Capacity planning
Asset risk management
Sensor Observation Systems
BIM-naar-GIS dataverwerking - FLAGIS - 11 December 2018
Source: Thomas Liebich, IFC for Infrastructure
17

What matters is having the right
information
as-builtas-planned
DESIGNPLAN CONSTRUCT OPERATE & MAINTAIN DEMOLISH
2D/3D
data
docs
2D/3D
data
docs
digital only digital and physical
asset
model
metrics
2D/3D
data
docs
18

Often information is lost during
lifecycle transitions
causes:
• People: people or organisations
do not communicate well
information needs
• Processes: imperfect handover
of information
• Technology: differences in
systems, standards, and tools
DESIGN
life cycle
Informationvalue
PLAN CONSTRUCT OPERATE & MAINTAIN DEMOLISH
19

Good information management
preserves the value of information
no information management:
• data must be gathered at the
beginning of each phase
• data is not linked so less valuable
information management:
• data is gathered only once
• data is validated, linked,
transformed, and analysed so
that it is remains useful over time
DESIGN
life cycle
Informationvalue
PLAN CONSTRUCT OPERATE & MAINTAIN DEMOLISH
20

To prevent information loss you
need:
• Information Management Plan
• Object Identification Specifications
• Object Type Library (OTL)
• Information Delivery Specifications
(IDS)
• Information system (Common
Data Environment)

Information Management Plan
• Strategic / tactic level
• Roles and responsibilities: Who
has ownership? Responsibilities?
• Procedures: collect, document,
publish, archive, destory
• Quality assurance: which
controls are in place?
• Standards: formats? Toos?
• Contracts: Information delivery
specifications (IDSs)?
BIM platform: Belgian BIM protocol
22

Object Type Library (OTL)
Defines:
• the types (classes) of assets of
interest
• asset identification during asset
lifecycle
• asset attribute information
• data integrity rules
aka: Asset Data Dictionnary
Definition Document (AD4)

Information Delivery Manual /
Specifiation (IDM/IDS)
Source: bimloket.nl
Describes how information is
exchanged between parties.
Operational-lvel
Specifies principles, process, timing,
validation rules, formats, etc.

An Information Management System
/ Common data environment (CDE)
A virtual environment used by all
partners to share information.
Not one single system.
Need for linking and visualisation of
data.
Model Management System (MMS)
Configuration Management System (CMS)
Document Management System (DMS)
Issue Management System (IMS)
Asset Management System (AMS)
Facility Management System (FMS)

VALIDATE
LINK DATA
TRANSFORM
CONNECT
STANDARDS &
SOFTWARE
TARGET SYSTEMS
Open standards and software can
bring interoperability
FACILITY MANAGEMENT
ISSUE MANAGEMENT
ASSET MANAGEMENT
BIM COMMON DATA ENV.
GIS
2D/3D
data
docs
NATIVE FORMATS
VISUALISATION
OGC
LandInfra /
InfraGML
26

Sample dataset used in this talk:
schependomlaan
• Design model in .IFC and .PLA (Archicad)
• Issues (collision / clash detection) in BCF (.bzfzip)
• Subcontractor models in .IFC and .DWG - Flooring
- Walls - Stairs - Fencing - Steel - Roofs - Prefab
• Coordination models in .TBP (Tekla BIMsight
Package)
• As-planned models in .IFC and Synchro file
format.
• As-built models in point cloud formats .ASCII
and .PLY
Explore it with BIMServer / BIMviews
http://openbimstandards.org/schependomlaan/
CC BY 4.0, by Stijn van Schaijk

www.gim.be
BIM as a data
source for a 3D
city map

Cesium 3D Tiles
• An open specification by AGI that
allows for efficiently streaming 3D
geospatial data on the Web
• Submitted as an OGC Community
Standard
• 3d syntax based on glTF
• Each tile desribed by one JSON file
with CRS, attribute, and
refinement information
Alternative:
• I3S: Esri Indexed 3D Scene Layer
Format

IFC to Cesium 3D Tiles
… using FME

… using FME

Civil3D to Cesium 3D Tiles
… using FME

BIM standards for Infrastructure?
IFC Alignment 1.0: Common resource for
road and rail construction, bridges, tunnels...
Combines 2D (cross-section, horizontal,
vertical) and new 3D approach
Conceptual model jointly developed with OGC
Proof-of-concept implementations (e.g.
TUMünchen Open Infra Platform)
OGC continues working on
LandInfra/InfraGML
Adoption? Future releases?
OGC
LandInfra /
InfraGML
http://www.buildingsmart-tech.org/infrastructure

www.gim.be
Use BIM as a
data source for
facility
management

Generate a 2D floorplan:
IFC-to-SVG … using FME

Extract a bill of quanties
… using FME
Cost of Window cleaning?

COBie standard
Construction-Operations Building
information exchange
exchanging construction information
to operations
BuildingSMART Alliance (VS)
Supported by Maximo, Tririga,
Planon, etc.
source: Doug Wood, IBM 2014

www.gim.be
BIM as a data
source for indoor
mapping

Why indoor mapping?
Indoor wayfinding
• OpenStreetMap
• Apple Maps Indoor
• Google Maps Indoor
Indoor positioning is (becoming) a
reality

Indoor positioning is (becoming) a
reality
• Wifi positioning (use existing
Wifi routers)
• Bluetooth positioning beacons
(requires dedicated hardware):
iBeacon, Eddystone
Used by Google / iOS Location
Services

Example: Schiphol airport
https://www.m2mobi.com/projects/Schiphol-MTS

Standards for indoor mapping?
OGC Indoor GML
GML 3.2.1 application schema of
OGC®
focuses on modelling indoor spaces
for navigation purposes
Apple Indoor Mapping Data
Format (IMDF)
Google Maps Floor Plans

www.gim.be
BIM for geospatial
issue
management

Issue Management
• Keep track of
• incidents,
• inspections
• maintenance activities
• Link to assets objects
• Calculate linear reference (km)
• Make comments , take pictures,
store documents
• Sync with other systems
• Background DWG, aerial picture

Mobile mapping solution with IntraMaps
Roam
AWS RDSFileServer
(docs, pics)
Relatics
SaaS
sync
data
CAD files
aerials
Relatics
Web
IntraMaps
Roam
sync
data
46

BIM Collaboration Format (BCF)
Specification by buildingSMART
used to exchange issues,
proposals and change requests
BCF data model: project, topic,
comments, BIM snippet, document
reference, related topic, camera
position, bitmaps, etc.
BCF-XMLv2 serialisation: XML
Schema for BCF
BCF-ReSTfull API
https://github.com/buildingSMART/BCF-API
https://github.com/buildingSMART/BCF-XML

www.gim.be
Visualise BIM
and GIS data on
the Web / in an
AR app

Augmented Reality
“Augment” reality with information from 3D objects,
real-time information, etc.
Solutions by
• IoS – ARKit
• Android – ARCore
Offered functionality
• Camera / 3D objects overlay
• Detection of surfaces, tracking of anchor points
• Integration with motion sensors
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W6uzB2A8T5s

VALIDATE
LINK DATA
TRANSFORM
CONNECT
STANDARDS &
SOFTWARE
TARGET SYSTEMS
Conclusion: interoperability is the
cure to information loss
FACILITY MANAGEMENT
ISSUE MANAGEMENT
ASSET MANAGEMENT
BIM COMMON DATA ENV.
GIS
2D/3D
data
docs
NATIVE FORMATS
VISUALISATION
OGC
LandInfra /
InfraGML
50

BIM-naar-GIS dataverwerking: linken en visualiseren

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