3. Getting Started
Essentials Machinery and Equipment
Bulldozers
Excavators
Backhoe Loader
Tipper Truck
Tower Crane
Concrete Drilling Machine
Pay Loader
Concrete Mixer Trucks
Elevator Machine
Jack Hammer
Batching Plant
Roller
Mobile Crane
Graders
Before I proceed in the processes of maintenance, it is important to identify
some of the equipment and machinery on any project and construction site.
They are listed and identified below:
4. Definition of Maintenance
“At a car dealership, the person who sells the car is the hero, and also gets the
commission. But if the mechanics don't service that car well, the customer
won't return.” Roger Staubach
We will be looking at the importance and processes of maintenance of our day
to day usage of Equipment's Machineries and Tools.
Maintenance is defined as any engineering activity necessary for retaining or
restoring a piece of equipment, machine, or system to the specified operable
condition to achieve its maximum usefulness.
There is a life span for every equipment and this equipment must be put in
to use maximally within this time framework to justify the fund expended
on it’s acquisition.
A broken down equipment rapidly but to keep the equipment running at
high capacity and to produce quality products at lowest cost possible .The
Objectives of Maintenance is a priority one which will ensure the availability
of functional and efficient machinery and equipment in an organization.
6. PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
Preventive Maintenance is defined as an art or method of
carrying out maintenance work on equipment to prevent
breakdown of the equipment and cause down time.
It is a systematic inspection, detection, correction and
prevention of incipient failures before they become actual or
major failures.
Preventive maintenance work are to be carried out at regular
interval, these includes the followings but not limited to:
Adjustment of Crawler Machines track/slippers
Lubricating/greasing of trucks/equipment turning points
Retightening of loosen bolts and nuts on trucks/equipments
Checking end-play of moving /rotary parts on
trucks/equipments
Checking of the truck’s brake linings for wear
7. Preventive Maintenance ..Contd.
Do It Yourselves (DIY) Tips:
Check tire air pressure daily
Check engine oil level daily
Check battery terminal clips and electrolyte
Check brake and power steering fluid level
Check radiator water levelBe familiar with signs and symbols
Observe simple safety precautions:
Battery’s positive terminal clip must first be disconnected before any engine
repair.
Equipments, trucks and machines must be properly supported with axle stand
before commencement of repair work.
8. CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
Corrective Maintenance is any engineering
activities undertaken to detect, isolate, and
rectify a fault so that the failed equipment,
machine, or system can be restored to its
normal operable state.
Fuel filters and air filters can be replaced
before the scheduled hour/mileage to
correct failure in an engine when the
equipment is working at the extreme
dusty environment/condition.
Hydraulic Hose, Fuel Hose or Pipe may
got busted or broken due to prolong use
or under extreme temperature/weather
condition.
9. BREAKDOWN MAINTENANCE
Breakdown Maintenance is defined as the
repairs or replacement process carried out
on a failed machine.
It is an activity usually carried out in order
to bring the machine back to its functional
state or working order.
It is also defined as maintenance activity
performed on a broken down machine to
restore it to working order to prevent
down time.
10. BREAKDOWN MAINTENANCE
……CONTD
In carrying out breakdown maintenance
which ultimately requires replacement of
spare parts, emphasis should be made in
ensuring that
Bad, malfunctioning and unserviceable
parts are replaced with ORIGINAL not as
SUB-STANDARD parts will prevent the
equipment from performing to its full
capacity
The fund spent in replacing fake or low
quality parts continually will be higher
than the initial cost of the quality one.
11. TURN-AROUND MAINTENANCE
Turn-Around Maintenance is a planned periodic shut-down either
partial or total of process plant or machine in an outfit to perform
maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) operations and to inspect,
test and replace process materials and equipment for effective
performance.
It is planned one or two years ahead to allow for adequate
preparations because of the fund involved in carrying it out.
12. PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
Periodic Maintenance is defined as
the significant activities carried out
regularly according to predetermined
schedule or Original Equipment
Manufacturer’s (OEM) specifications
to maintain the condition or
operational status of an equipment,
machine, plant, or system.
Some systems in the equipment or
machine requires attention after a
specific time or period in term of the
number of hours the equipment has
worked or the months that it has
being put in to use or the speed it has
cover in distance.
14. SAFETY CAUTIONS
Safety is any precaution taken to prevent accidents or dangers
Always make use of safety signs
Lack of or flagrant disregard to safety rules and norms results in
injuries, accidents or even death.
Check for sharp edges.
If the load is wet or slippery, wipe if off.
Lift with your legs and not back.
Squat down close to the load, keep your back straight; lift slowly with
leg power.
Use material handling equipment whenever possible. When properly
used, it can save a lot of manual effort.
15. CONCLUSION
Maintenance is the work of everybody, you don’t need to consult
a technician before you do some minor maintenance work on
your items be it home appliances or other objects we use in our
day to day activities.
We are all encourage to imbibe maintenance culture as this will
go a long way in keeping our items, equipments and machines
functioning and save us from incurring avoidable expenses.
16. People say writing is really hard. That's very
unfair to those who are doing real jobs. People
who work in the fields or fix roofs, engineers, or
car mechanics. I think lying on your back
working under an oily car, that's a job.
Paul Theroux
Words from the Wise
17. PRESENTER
ENGR. ADEMOLA FOLARANMI
(Member Institution of Mechanical Engineers)
VEHICLE MAINTENANCE
UNITED NATIONS MISSION IN
SOUTH - SUDAN (UNMISS)
JUBA, SOUTH SUDAN
