1. MUGHAL GARDEN
MUGHAL GARDEN
Gardens Built by Mughals in Persian Style
Submitted To:
Ar.Sunil Kapur
Submitted By:
Gaurav Garg
Harmandeep Kaur
Parveen
2. TYPICAL
FEATURES
•pools,
•Fountains
•canals inside
the gardens.
•RIVERFRONT
GARDEN than
Fortress
gardens.
Influenced later
Mughal Garden
Designs.
Mughal gardens
are a group of
gardens built by
the Muhgals in the
Islamic style of
architecture .
Significant use of
rectilinear layouts
are made within
the walled
enclosures.
Mughal Gardens
are divided into 3
sections –
•Rectangular Peal
garden
•long Butterfly
garden
•circular gardens
•terraced garden
3. The founder of
the Mughal empire,
BABUR , described
his favourite type of
garden as
a CHARBAGH.
(dividing the
garden into four
equal quarters)
Akbar’s
heir, JAHANGIR, did
not build as much, but
he helped to lay out
the famous Shalimar
garden and was
known for his great
love for flowers.
Jahangir's son, SHAH
JAHAN, marks the
apex of Mughal
garden architecture
and floral design.
He is famous for the
construction of
the Taj Mahal and
the Red Fort which
contains the Mahtab
bagh.
Humayun, his son, does
not seem to have had
much time for building.
Akbar built several
gardens first in
Delhi, then in Agra,
Akbar’s new capital.
5. 1. Significant use of
rectilinear layouts
are made within the
walled enclosures.
Significant use of
rectilinear layouts
are made within the
walled enclosures.
1. Significant use of
rectilinear layouts
are made within the
walled enclosures.
2. Typical features
include pools,
fountains and
canals inside the
gardens.
Typical features
include pools,
fountains and
canals inside the
gardens.
2. Typical features
include pools,
fountains and
canals inside the
gardens.
Running water
(perhaps the most
important
element) and a
pool to reflect the
beauties of sky
and garden.
Flowers and Roses
different species
for beautification of
Gardens.
•Trees of various
types, some to
provide shade merely,
and others to produce
fruits.
6. HUMAYUN’S TOMB GARDEN
Humayun's Tomb was the first garden
tomb made in India.
•The garden is divided into 36 squares by
a grid of water channels and paths.
•The square garden is surrounded by a
high rubble wall divided initially into four
large squares separated by causeways
and channels, each square divided again
subdivided into smaller squares by
pathways creating a char bagh.
•The laying down of the gardens in the
Persian style was introduced by Babur.
.
CHAR BAGH FORMATION
AROUND THE TOMB BY THE
HELP OF CHANNELS OF WATER.
7. THE
TOMB
SINGLE
RECTANGULAR
BAGH
MEETING POINT OF CHANNELS
FOUNTAIN AT CENTRAL
9. HUMAYUN’S TOMB GARDEN
The complex is set around a
large 300-meter square
Charbagh, a Mughal garden.
•The gardenuses raised
pathways that divide each of the
four quarters of the garden into
16 sunken parterresor
flowerbeds.
•A raised marble water tank at
the center of the garden,
halfway between the tomb and
gateway, with a reflecting pool
on North-South axis reflects the
image of the Taj Mahal.
•Elsewhere, the garden is laid
out with avenues of trees and
10. design inspired by Persian
gardens, was introduced to
India by the first Mughal
emperor Babur.
•It symbolizes four flowing
rivers of Paradiseand reflects
the gardens of
Paradisederived from the
Persian paridaeza, meaning
'walled garden'.
•In mysticaIslamictexts of
Mughal period, paradise is
described as an ideal garden
of abundance with four rivers
flowing from a central spring
or mountain, separating the
garden into north, west, south
and east.
•The raised marble water
tank is called al Hawd al-
Kawthar, in reference to
12. •The Taj Mahal garden is unusual
in that the main element, the
tomb, is located at the end of the
garden.
•The use of symmetry and
pattern can be seen in the
relationship between sunlight
and shade, plants and water, and
light and dark tones. The effect is
that of a Persian rug leading to
the entrance of the mausoleum.
•Early accounts of the garden
describe its surplus of
vegetation, including
abundant roses, daffodils,
and fruit trees.
13. • The Ram Bagh is the oldest Mughal Garden in India, originally built
by the Mughal Emperor Babur in 1528, located about five kilometers
northeast of the Taj Mahal.
• The garden is a Charbagh, where pathways and canals divide the
garden to represent the Islamic ideal of paradise, an abundant
garden through which rivers flow.
14. • The Ram Bagh provides an
example of a variant of the
charbagh in which water
cascades down three
terraces in a sequence of
cascades.
• Two viewing pavilions face
the Jumna river and
incorporates a subterranean
'tahkhana' which was used
during the hot summers to
provide relief for visitors.
• The garden has numerous
water courses and
fountains.
16. • Shalimar Bagh is a Mughal garden
linked through a channel to the
northeast of Dal Lake, on its right
bank located near Srinagar city.
• It is also based on charbagh
concept.
• The garden built with a size of
587 metres ,length on the main axis
channel and with a total width of
251 metres . The garden has three
terraces fitted with fountains and
with chinar tree-lined vistas.
• Broad green paths bordered the
lake with rows of chinar trees.
17. • The first terrace is a public
garden ending in the Diwan-e-
Aam (public audience hall). In
this hall, a small black marble
throne was installed over the
waterfall.
• The second terrace garden
along the axial canal, slightly
broader, has two shallow
terraces. The Diwan-i-Khas (the
Hall of Private Audience), which
was accessible only to the
noblemen or guests of the
court.
• In the third terrace, the axial
water channel flows through
the Zenana garden, which is
flanked by the Diwan-i-Khas
and chinar trees.
18. The gardens comprise four
terraces, containing a canal
supplied with water from the
Harwan gardens nearby.
•The top garden, unseen from
below, was reserved for the
ladies of the court.
•
•The gardens were the
inspiration for other gardens of
the same name, notably the
Shalimar Gardensin Lahore,
Pakistan.
STEPPED STREAM FORMATION
WITH CHAR BAGH ON EITHER
SIDES.
19. • At the entrance to this terrace, there
are two small pavilions (built in
Kashmir style on stone plinth) that is
the restricted and controlled entry
zone of the royal harem.
• Shahajahan built a baradari of black
marble, called the Black Pavilion in
the zenana garden.
• It is encircled by a fountain pool that
receives its supply from a higher
terrace.
• A double cascade falls against a low
wall carved with small niches, behind
the pavilion.
• The Shalimar Bagh is well known for
chini khanas, or arched niches,
behind garden waterfalls.
• They are a unique feature in the
Bagh. These niches were lighted at
night with oil lamps, which gave a
fairy tale appearance to the water
falls.
