FROM ARMM TO BARMM'S HISTORY, GEOGRAPHY, POLITICS, CULTURE AND TOURISM *If you want the Ms Powerpoint Presentation of it just email me at gepfelaire@gmail.com

2. The AUTONOMOUS REGION OF MUSLIM MINDANAO
(A.R.M.M) is an autonomous region of the Philippines, located in
the Mindanao island group of the Philippines, that consists of five
predominantly Muslim provinces:
1. Basilan (except Isabela City)
2. Lanao del Sur,
3. Maguindanao,
4. Sulu
5. Tawi-Tawi.
It is the only region that has its own government. The region's de
facto seat of government is Cotabato City.

4. BRIEF HISTORY OF
THE A.R.M.M

5. Muslim missionaries arrived in Tawi-Tawi in 1380 and started the
colonization of the area and the conversion of the native population
to Islam.
1457 - the Sultanate of Sulu was founded, and not long after that, the
sultanates of Maguindanao and Buayan were also established.
1942 - during the early stages of the Pacific War of the Second World
War, troops of the Japanese Imperial Forces invaded and overran
Mindanao, and the native Moro Muslims waged an insurgency against
the Japanese. Three years later, in 1945, combined Unite
States and Philippine Commonwealth Army troops liberated Mindanao,
and with the help of local guerrilla units, ultimately defeated the
Japanese forces occupying the region.

6. August 1, 1989: The Republic Act No. 6734 or the Organic Act of the
Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, is signed into law by then
President Corazon C. Aquino.
November 17, 1989: A plebiscite is conducted in the proposed areas of
ARMM (13 provinces and nine cities) to determine if the residents want
to be part of the region. Plebiscite was held in the provinces of Lanao del
Sur, Maguindanao, Tawi-Tawi, Basilan, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Norte,
North Cotabato, Palawan, South Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, Sulu,
Zamboanga del Norte and Zamboanga del Sur and in the cities of
Dapitan, Dipolog, Cotabato, General Santos, Iligan, Marawi, Pagadian,
Puerto Princesa, and Zamboanga. Only four provinces—Sulu, Tawi-
Tawi, Maguindanao and Lanao del Sur—choose to join the region.

7. August 14, 2001: A plebiscite is held after the passage of the Expanded
ARMM Law (RA 9054) to determine if the four provinces were in favor of
the amendments to RA 6734. Plebiscite was also held in 11 provinces and 14
cities to determine if the residents want to be included in the expanded
ARMM.
Plebiscite is held in the provinces of Basilan, Davao del Sur, Lanao del
Norte, North Cotabato, Palawan, Sarangani, South Cotabato, Sultan
Kudarat, Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur, and Zamboanga
Sibugay. It is also conducted in the cities of Cotabato, Dapitan, Dipolog,
Digos, General Santos, Iligan, Isabela City, Koronadal City, Marawi City,
Pagadian City, Puerto Princesa City, Tacurong City and Zamboanga City.
Only Basilan province (excluding Isabela City, which remained as part of
the Zamboanga Peninsula region) and the city of Marawi voted for inclusion
in the new region.

8. THE A.R.M.M PROVINCES

9. BASILAN

10. BASILAN
Area: 1,327.23 sq.km
Capital City: Lamitan City
Population: 332, 828
Component City: Lamitan City
Municipalities: 11
Barangays: 255
Dialects: Sama Language,
Tausug language and Yakan
language.

11. BASILAN
■ Basilan is home to three main
ethnolingusitic groups: the
indigenous Yakans, and the later-
arriving Tausugs and Chavacanos
.The Yakans and Tausugs are
predominantly Muslim, while the
Chavacano are mainly Christian.
■ Isabela City was a component city
of Basilan but it is under the
jurisdiction of the Zamboanga
Peninsula.

12. BASILAN
■ The name “Basilan” came
from the Tausug name “Basih
Balan” which refers to
magnetic iron. Roughly
translated and abbreviated,
however, ”Basih-lan” means
"the iron (magnet) trail" or
"the iron way".

13. BASILAN
■ The major religion in the
province is Islam with 65% of
its population and 33% for
Roman Catholics.

14. HISTORY OF BASILAN
■ 1636 – Basilan was colonized by the Spaniards, converting its
population into Roman Catholics.
■ 1898 – when the Americans defeated Spaniards, they proceeded to
pacify the province, established plantations mainly to produce copra
and rubber.
■ After the World War 2, in the year 1970, heavy fighting between the
Philippine forces and Moro National Liberation Front, which they are
determined to form a new country in Mindanao.
■ During the plebiscite held on 2001, only Isabela was opted out and the
Basilan Province had joined the ARMM.

15. ECONOMY OF BASILAN
■ Agriculture is the main source of economic livelihood. Basilan's major
products include coconut (primarily copra), rubber, coffee, black
pepper, and African palm oil. Other crops
are palay, corn, cacao and cassava.
■ The island's waters also produce grouper, squid, octopus, and marlin,
while fishponds supply milkfish, prawn and shrimp. In
addition, seaweed is cultivated along some coastal areas
■ Local products include woven cloth and trinkets made by the Yakan
tribe. Yakans use fibers from plants such as pineapple for their crafts.
■ However, the economic opportunity of the province decrease as the
rising of the terrorism feared the investors to enter Basilan.

17. PAKARADJAAN BASILAN
FESTIVALS OF BASILAN
LAMI – LAMIHAN FESTIVAL

18. FESTIVALS OF BASILAN
•Isra Wal Miraj (May 9), an Islamic event celebrating
the nocturnal journey and ascension of Muhammad to
Heaven.
•Eid al-Fitr/Hari Raya Puasa (movable), an Islamic
event commemorating the end of the Muslim fasting
season.
•Maulidin-Nabi (December 27), an Islamic celebration
honoring the birthday of Muhammad.

20. ATTRACTIONS OF BASILAN
Datu Kalun Shrine Museo ng Lamitan

21. ATTRACTIONS OF BASILAN
Lake Malawi Bulingan Falls

22. ATTRACTIONS OF BASILAN
Tenusa Island Merloquet Falls

23. LANAO
DEL SUR

24. LANAO DEL SUR
Area: 3, 873 sq.km
Capital City: Marawi
Municipalities: 39
Barangays: 1,159
Languages: Maranao, Cebuano,
Maguindanao, Iranun,
Chavacano
Population: 1,045,429

25. LANAO DEL SUR
■ "Lanao" means "lake",
derived from ranao. The
province, situated
at basin of Lake Lanao, is
known as the land of the
"Maranaos" (which
means "the "people of the
lake").

26. HISTORY OF LANAO DEL SUR
■ During pre – Islamic era, the people of Lanao used to adhere
to Hinduism, polytheist animism, and Buddhism. During this era,
various cultural icons developed, such as the torogan, the singkil dance,
the darangen epic, the unique Maranao gong and metal craft culture,
the sarimanok, the okir motif, and an indigenous suyat script.
■ In 1959, Lanao was divided into two provinces, Lanao del Norte and
Lanao del Sur, under Republic Act No. 2228.
■ In 1971, Republic Act No. 6406, which sought to create a new province
out of eastern Lanao del Sur. The division never took place due to the
declaration of Martial law in the Philippines on September 21, 1972.
■ In a 1989 plebiscite, Lanao del Sur voted to join the Autonomous
Region of Muslim Mindanao (ARMM), but Marawi City elected to
remain outside ARMM. It later joined ARMM in 2001 following the
plebiscite that sought to expand the autonomous region.

28. KALILANGAN SA RANAO
FESTIVALS OF LANAO DEL SUR
KARIYALA FESTIVAL

30. MABUL BEACH
ATTRACTIONS OF LANAO DEL SUR
LAKE LANAO

31. SUMPITAN FALLS
ATTRACTIONS OF LANAO DEL SUR
LAKE BUTIG

32. LAKE DAPAO
ATTRACTIONS OF LANAO DEL SUR
MARIA AUXILIADORA
CATHEDRAL

33. MAGUINDANAO

34. MAGUINDANAO
Area: 4,871.60 km2
Capital City: Buluan
Population (2015): 1,173, 933
Municipalities: 36
Barangays: 508
Languages: Maguindano,
Iranun, Tiruray
Population: 1,173,933

35. MAGUINDANAO
Maguindanao inhabitants
are predominantly
practitioners
of Islam which comprises
82.99% of the population.

36. HISTORY OF MAGUINDANAO
■ 15TH century – Shariff Mohammed Kabungsuwan of Johore
introduced Islam in the area. He married a local princess of the
Maranao tribe and later established the Sultanate of Maguindanao.
■ Spaniards launched expeditions to subdue the area but they never
gained control not until the middle of 19th century.
■ During the American Era, Maguindanao is only a part of the Cotabato
province which is a district of the Department of Sulu and Mindanao.

37. HISTORY OF MAGUINDANAO
■ 1973 – Cotabato was dissolved and and has split into three provinces;
Maguindanao, North Cotabato and Sultan Kudarat.
■ 1989 – majority of its voters opted to join the Autonomous region of
Muslim Mindanao except Cotabato City.
■ October 31, 2006 – Maguindanao voters approved to create a new
province out of Maguindanao. The new province, Shariff
Kabungsuwan established through the Muslim Mindanao Autonomy
Act No. 201 and became the 80th province of the Philippines. However
in July 2008, the Supreme Court nullified the Shariff Kabungsuwan.

38. ECONOMY OF MAGUINDANAO
■ Major Crops: tomatoes, squash, beans, wet rice, dry rice, coconuts.
■ Freshwater fish are also abundant in Maguindanao since it has
marshes in the area.
■ Hand-crafted in households from wood, bamboo, rattan, thatch, and
fiber. Most of these are produced for domestic use, but some
weaving, mat making, and basketry is done.
■ It has a 1st class income classification.

40. INAUL FESTIVAL
FESTIVALS OF MAGUINDANAO
SAGAYAN FESTIVAL

42. MATIGOL FALLS
ATTRACTIONS OF MAGUINDANAO

43. NANILUNGAN RIVER
ATTRACTIONS OF MAGUINDANAO
MT. MINANDAR

45. SULU
Area: 1,600.40 km2
Capital: Jolo
Population: 824, 731
Municipalties: 19
Barangays: 410
Langauages: Tausug,
Sama, Malay

46. SULU
■ Sulu inhabitants are
predominantly Muslim,
constituting about 97% .

47. HISTORY OF SULU
■ 1380 – Karim Ul-Makhdum came to Sulu and introduced Islam.
■ 1450 – Sayyid Abubakar Abirin came to Sulu and married the daughter
of Rajah Baguinda Ali of Sulu, and later on established the Sultan of
Sulu. (Sulu, Palawan, Zamboanga Province and Basilan)
■ The province hosted the Daru Jambangan (Palace of Flowers) which
was the royal palace of the Sultan of Sulu since historical times. The
palace, located in Maimbung was made of wood, and was destroyed in
1932 by a huge storm.
■ In 1989, the province of Sulu became part of the Autonomous Region in
Muslim Mindanao or ARMM. A peace pact between the Moro National
Liberation Front or MNLF and the Philippine government was also
made.

49. VINTA FESTIVAL
FESTIVALS OF SULU
RAJAH BAGUINDA FESTIVAL

50. MANGOSTEEN FESTIVAL
FESTIVALS OF SULU

52. WALL OF INTRAMUROS
SULU
ATTRACTIONS OF SULU
MAUBO BEACH

53. MT. BAGSAK
ATTRACTIONS OF SULU
SULU ETHNOLOGICAL
MUSEUM

54. TANJUNG BEACH
ATTRACTIONS OF SULU

55. TAWI
TAWI

56. TAWI – TAWI
Area:1,087.40 km2
Capital: Bongao
Population: 390,715
Muicipalities: 11
Barangays: 203
Langauages: Tausug, Sama,
Malay

57. TAWI – TAWI
Etymology
Province was named after its main
island. Tawi-Tawi is
the Sinama form of jawi-
jawi, Malay for "banyan tree" the
island is known for having an
abundance of this tree. Early
Spanish accounts give the name of
the island as Tauitaui, Tavi-
Tavi or Tavitavi.

58. TAWI – TAWI
■ Majority of population
of Tawi-Tawi is
Muslim with 99%
adherence.

59. HISTORY OF TAWI TAWI
■ Evidence of human presence in Tawi-tawi was carbon-dated to be 6,810
BC to 3,190 BC, signifying one of the earliest known evidence of human
presence in Southeast Asia.
■ By the 600th century, Muslim missionaries from Arabia arrived and
established the first ever mosque in the Philippines. The area was
heavily converted to Islam, especially when the Sultanate of Sulu in
nearby Sulu province was founded.
■ Tawi-Tawi became one of the three integral provinces of the Sultanate
of Sulu during its inception and became of its strongest domains in its
twilight years.

60. HISTORY OF TAWI TAWI
■ During WWII, the province was a naval base of the Japanese
Imperial Army and called “Southwest Area Fleet”.
■ Tawi – tawi was previously part of the Sulu province. On
September 11, 1973, pursuant to Presidential Decree no.
302, the province of Tawi tawi was created out of Sulu.

61. ECONOMY OF TAWI TAWI
■ Agriculture, fishing, and agar-agar (seaweeds)
farming are the leading source of livelihood of the
people of Tawi-Tawi, with quite a number engaged in
the barter trade business. Copra is the top
agricultural product, followed by root crops, fruits,
and vegetables.

63. AGAL AGAL FESTIVAL
FESTIVALS OF TAWI TAWI

65. BUD BONGAO
ATTRACTIONS OF TAWI - TAWI

66. PANAMPANGAN ISLAND
ATTRACTIONS OF TAWI - TAWI

67. SHEIK KARIM AL MAKDUM MOSQUE
ATTRACTIONS OF TAWI - TAWI

68. ANDULINANG ISLAND
ATTRACTIONS OF TAWI - TAWI

69. PANGUAN ISLAND
ATTRACTIONS OF TAWI - TAWI

70. SALUAG ISLAND
ATTRACTIONS OF TAWI - TAWI

71. SANGAY SIAPAO ISLAND
ATTRACTIONS OF TAWI - TAWI

72. MANTABUAN ISLAND
ATTRACTIONS OF TAWI - TAWI

73. OMAPUY ISLAND
ATTRACTIONS OF TAWI - TAWI

74. TURTLE ISLAND
ATTRACTIONS OF TAWI - TAWI

76. THE CREATION OF B.A.R.M.M
■ In 2012, Aquino intended to establish a new autonomous political entity
under the name Bangsamoro to replace the Autonomous Region in
Muslim Mindanao which he called a "failed experiment." Under his
administration, a draft for the Bangsamoro Basic Law (BBL) was made
but failed.
■ Under President Rodrigo Duterte a new draft for the BBL was made
and became legislated into law as the Bangsamoro Organic Law (BOL)
in 2018.
■ A plebiscite was held on January 21, 2019 to ratify the BOL with
majority of ARMM's voters deciding for the ratification of the law which
meant the future abolition of the ARMM and the establishment of the
Bangsamoro Autonomous Region.

77. THE CREATION OF B.A.R.M.M

78. THE CREATION OF B.A.R.M.M

79. THE CREATION OF B.A.R.M.M

80. BANGSAMORO TRANSITION AUTHORITY
■ The Bangsamoro Transition Authority is the interim
regional government of the Bangsamoro Autonomous
Region and has executive and legislative powers over the
region.
MURAD EBRAHIM
(BARMM Chief Minister)
The BTA is composed of 80 members
that will serve as the BARMM’s
government from 2019 to 2022
Elections.