2. Most uses depend on the cationic nature of the amine
Fatty
Amines
Corrosion
Inhibitors
Fabric
Softeners
Lubricant
Additive
Organoclays
Sanitizing
Agents
H
H
NR
6. Batch slurry phase most common
Fixed bed or continuous slurry phase also used
Product Temp (C)
Pressure
(bar)
Catalysts Special Conditions
Primary 80-150 10-550
nickel, raney
nickel, cobalt
Ammonia added to feed to suppress
secondary and tertiary amine formation
Secondary 150-200 50-200 nickel, cobalt Ammonia removed by purging with hydrogen
Tertiary 160-230 7 - 14 nickel, cobalt
Secondary Amine used as feed; hydrogen
purge necessary to remove ammonia
Unsaturated
copper
chromite,
nickel
powder
similar to abovesimilar to above
14. Tertiary amine formation
proceeds via the same route as
with the secondary amine
formation. However, secondary
amine condenses with imine to
yield tertiary intermediates.
15. Amine Catalyst
Saturated Primary Amine Sponge Ni type catalyst
Unsaturated Primary Amine Supported Ni powder catalysts, Supported Co tablet catalysts
Saturated Secondary Amines Supported Ni powder catalysts
Unsaturated Secondary Amines Supported Ni powder catalysts
Tertiary Amines Supported Ni powder catalysts