The document discusses parallel projection, which is a method of representing 3D objects in 2D where all projection lines are parallel. It describes the history of parallel projection dating back to Leonardo da Vinci. The document outlines different types of parallel projections including orthographic, axonometric, and oblique projection. It notes the advantages of parallel projection such as being easy to use and creating accurate images from multiple angles, making it useful for technical drawings.

1. Presentation on
Parallel projection
Goutam Sharma (171817)
Maliha Tanjum (171808)

2. Types of
Projections
PARALLEL
PROJECTION
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3. Parallel Projection: An Overview
Parallel projection is a type of projection used in
technical drawing, engineering, and drafting. It is a
method of representing three-dimensional objects
in two dimensions in which all the projection lines
are parallel to each other.
HISTORY OF PARALLEL PROJECTION
Leonardo da Vinci first developed it in the 15th
century. He used it to create sketches of his
inventions, and Albrecht Durer and other
Renaissance artists later used it. The technique
has been used for centuries in engineering,
architecture, and other technical fields and is still
used today.
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PARALLEL PROJECTION
PARALLEL
PROJECTION

4. Types of Parallel Projections
This type of projection is used to
create an image of an object from
a single viewpoint, such as the
front, top, bottom, or side.
ORTHOGRAPHIC
PROJECTION
This type of projection is used to
create an image of an object from
an angled viewpoint, and it can be
used to create images with
perspective.
OBLIQUE
PROJECTION
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PARALLEL
PROJECTION

5. Orthographic Projections
PRESENTATION TITLE 5
When the direction of projection is perpendicular (at 90) to the view
plane, then the projection is Orthographic Projection.
PARALLEL
PROJECTION

6. Types of Orthographic Projections
This type of projection is used to
create an image of an object from
multiple viewpoints, and it can be
used to create images of 3D
objects.
MULTI-VIEW
Axonometric projection is a type of
orthographic projection used for
creating a pictorial drawing of an
object, where the angles between
the axis are not foreshortened.
AXONOMETRIC
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PROJECTION

7. Types of Axonometric Projections
The direction of
projection makes
equal angles with
all of the principal
axis.
ISOMETRIC
The direction of
projection makes
equal angles with
exactly two of the
principal axis
DI-METRIC
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TRIMETRIC
The direction of
projection makes
equal angles with
exactly three of
the principal axis
PARALLEL
PROJECTION

8. Oblique projection
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Oblique projection is a type of graphical projection used for producing
pictorial representations of three-dimensional objects. In this type of
projection, the projected view of the object is rotated from the normal
side view, so that a three-dimensional view is seen from an angle.
This type of projection is used when a more realistic representation of
the object is desired, and when the angle of the object is important.
Oblique projection is often used in technical illustration and other
engineering drawings.
PARALLEL
PROJECTION

9. Types of Oblique Projections
The direction of projection is
chosen so that there is no fore-
shortening of lines perpendicular
to the XY-lane. It is achieved by
projecting the projectors at the
angle of 30 and 40 degree.
CAVALIER
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PROJECTION

10. Types of Oblique Projections
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The direction of projection is
chosen so that the line
perpendicular to the XY-plane are
fore-shortening by half of its length.
For cabinet projection, the angle is
kept at 63.40 degree.
CABINET
PARALLEL
PROJECTION

11. Benefits of Parallel Projection
The parallel projection has several advantages over other
types of projection. It is easy to use, easy to understand and
can be used to create accurate images of objects.
Additionally, it can be used to create images from multiple
angles, which is helpful for technical drawings.
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PARALLEL
PROJECTION

12. Conclusion
Parallel projection is a type of projection used in technical
drawing and engineering. It is a method of representing
three-dimensional objects in two dimensions in which all the
projection lines are parallel to each other. There are several
types of parallel projection, each with its own benefits.
Parallel projection is easy to use and can be used to create
accurate images of objects from multiple angles.
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PARALLEL
PROJECTION

13. Thank you
Goutam Sharma
Maliha Tanjum