Introduction to iso 1400 and ems

1. Introduction to ISO 1400 and EMS
CHAPTER FOUR
Granch Berhe

2. • Industry has been responsible for creating
environmental problems.
• Increasing industrialization = Increasing
environmental degradation.
• Hazards to environment and all living creatures.
• Industrial accidents cause loss property and human
lives +
• toxins released into the environment, effect lives and
health
• of unborn generations.
• Many laws to prevent and penalize organizations
that allowed such
• incidents to happen were enacted.
• Prevention is better than punishment after the event.

3. 3
What is an Environmental Management
System?
• “The part of the overall management system that
includes organizational structure, planning activities,
responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and
resources for developing, implementing achieving
and reviewing the environmental policy.” ISO14001
• An environmental management system brings
together the people, policies, plans, review
mechanisms, and procedures used to manage
environmental issues at a facility or in an
organization.

4. 4
An EMS is Environmental
• Facilitates environmental compliance
• Addresses environmental impacts
• Broadens environmental responsibilities to
all whose work can have a significant
impact on the environment
• Environmental office has technical
expertise to contribute

5. 5
An EMS is Management
• Must have commitment of top
managers
• EMS owned by facility manager
• Must be consistent with other
management systems

6. 6
An EMS is a System
• Requires awareness of formal structure
• Addresses policies, procedures,
programs
• Doesn’t specifically address compliance
components (drums, labels, etc.)

7. 7
Continual Improvement Cycle
Implement
Plan
Check
Review
Plan
Implement
Check
Review
Plan
Implement
Etc.

11. The main aspects categories:
•Hazardous Material Use
•Resource Use
•Energy Use
•Releases to Environment
•Bulk Storage of Hazardous Liquids/Gases
For every significant aspect, controls need to be in place to
prevent adverse environmental impacts.
ISO 14000 deals with the issue of environmental aspects, its
causes, its control and mitigation strategies to maintain and improve
the environment and preserve the ecology of this planet.

12. ISO 14000 CONCEPTS
• Is a management standard, it is not
performance or product standard.
• The underlying purpose of ISO 1400 is
that companies will improve their
environmental performance by
implementation but there are no standards
for performance or level of improvement
• It is a process for managing company
activities that impact the environment.

13. CHARACTERISTICS OF ISO
14000
1. COMPREHENSIVE- all members of the organization
participate n environmental protection, the EMS
considers stakeholders and there are processes to
identify all environmental impacts.
2. PRO ACTIVE- it focuses on forward thinking and
action instead of reacting to command and control
policies
3. SYSTEMS APPROACH- it stresses improving
environmental protection by using single
environmental management system

14. Requirements/elements of ISO 14000
1. General Requirements
2. Environmental Policy
3. Planning
4. Implementation and Operations
5. Checking and Corrective Action
6. Management Review
1. General Requirements.
The organization has to establish, maintain and
continually improve an EMS.
The organization will have to define and document
the scope of its EMS.

15. 2. Environmental Policy.
The Environmental policy should be in line with the mission,
vision and values of the organization.
Before making the policy consider:
1. Legal and regulatory requirements.
2. Identify the impact of activities, products or services on
the environment.
3. Identify the impact of suppliers activities, products or
services on the environment.
4. Adequacy of existing management policies and
procedures.
5. Evaluation of past performance.
The policy must be communicated to everyone in the
organization and to the public. It is usually displayed on
the organizations website.

16. 3. Planning.
1. Environmental Aspects,
2. Legal and statutory requirements.
3. Objectives and Targets.
4. Environmental management Program.
4. Implementation and Operation.
1. Structure and responsibility.
2. Awareness, training and competency.
3. Communication.
4. EMS documentation.
5. Document Control.
6. Operational Control.
7. Emergency Preparedness and Response

17. 5. Checking and Corrective Action.
1. Monitoring and Measuring
2. Non-conformance and corrective and Preventive Action.
3. Records.
4. EMS Audit.
6. Management Review.
Management Reviews are conducted every month to include
• Review of EMS objectives and Targets
• Performance against legal and statutory requirements.
• Effectiveness of the system.
• Evaluation of the suitability of the policy in the current situation.

18. 18
Checking/
Corrective Actions
• Measurement and Monitoring
• EMS Nonconformance and
Corrective Actions
• Records
• EMS Audits
Continuous
Improvement
Implementation
• Roles and Responsibilities
• Training and Communication
• EMS Document Control
• Emergency Preparedness
and Response
Planning
• Environmental Aspects
• Compliance
• Objectives and Targets
• Environmental Mgmt.
Programs
Environmental
Policy
Management
Review

19. ISO 14000 EMS
Can merge
with ISO 9000
General Requirements
Aspects
Benefits
Definition
ISO 14001,14004,14010, 14011, 14012
Organization
International
Requirements
Environmental Policy
Management Review
Implementation & Ops
Checking & Corrective Action
Planning
EMS Audit

20. Benefits of ISO 14000
At the International level
1. Facilitate Trade and Remove Trade Barriers.
2. Improve the Environment.
3. Build consensus about the importance of improving our
environment.
At the Organization level
1. Improve environmental performance
2. Satisfy customer expectations in many markets
3. Improve work environment and safety.
4. Enhance relations with community, regulators, and
stakeholders
5. Merge environmental effort into the business
6. Reduce risk and liability due to environmental issues.
7. Conserving input materials and energy.

22. 22
Benefits of an EMS
• Helps maintain compliance
• Reduce operating costs
• Integrate environmental
programs into mission
• Increase employee involvement
• Reduce environmental impacts

23. Ethics and Sustainability in
Textile supply Chains
IT IS JUST A SIMPLE T SHIRT ?

24. • What does “ethics” mean ?
The science of morals,that branch of philosophy which is concerned with
human character and conduct” English dictionary
 What does it mean for textiles ?
Ensuring textile workers are treated fairly,given a living wage,working conditions are
acceptable on health and safety
 What does “sustainability” mean ?
“The ability to continue an action without the risk of failure or collapse”. English
dictionary
 What does it mean for textiles ?
Ensuring textiles that we make and use are neither harmful to us and the environment
Terminology

25. The journey
Raw
cotton
Cotton
spinning
Cotton
weaving
Cotton
Dyeing
and
Finishing
Garment
cut and
sew
Retailer
Start
End
In use End of life
Product : T Shirt

26. Commercial Benefits
Company Reputation
Consumer confidence
Increase in sales revenue
Increase brand reputation

27. Commercial Benefits
Pension funds and stakeholders
Demonstrates legal and regulatory compliance
Improved corporate image
Demonstrates good management practice
Investors rate a company according to its environmental
and social criteria.

28. Commercial Benefits
Savings in consumption of energy and materials
Reduced cost of waste management
Fewer rejects
Green tax incentives from Government
Cost savings

29. • Over 8,000 textile companies globally have products
certified
• Over 13,000 certificates have been issued
• Helped to develop a worldwide chemical safety
standard
• Is applicable to any product in the textile supply chain
except chemicals
• It prohibits or regulates the use of harmful substances
in textiles
Oeko-Tex® 100 certification scheme

30. • Banned MAK amines derived from specific azo dyestuffs
• Carcinogenic and allergy-inducing dyestuffs
• Formaldehyde
• Pesticides
• Phenolic preservatives
• Chlorinated aromatic compounds
• Extractable heavy metals: Ni,Cd,Cr,CrVI e.t.c. and total Pb,Cd
• Colour fastness
• pH-value
• Phthalates
• Organic tin compounds(TBT,DBT)
• Emission of volatile components
• Odour
• Biocides and flame retardant finishes(regulated separately
Test Criteria for Oeko-Tex® 100

31. • Provide evidence to show that at least 30% of the products
produced are Oeko-Tex 100 certified
• Comply with specified criteria to avoid or limit the use of harmful
substances in production
• Obeserve stringent limit values relating to waste water and
exhaust air
• Ensure low noise and air pollution
• Introduce measures to ensure safety at work
• Must operate a social criteria code of conduct
• Licence is valid for 3yrs,however an environmental report must
be submitted annually.
• ISO 14001 and EMAS are recognised and form an excellent
basis for Oeko-Tex 1000
Test criteria for Oeko-Tex®
1000

32. • Developed to facilitate those companies within the EU
• Focuses on three elements of ethics and sustainability
in terms of human ecology,the environment and the
rights of workers in factories
• A scheme which audits the production centres and finally
test the product in effect closing the loop
• Checks the whole textile supply chain for the product
being certified
• Applicable to textile products only
Made in Green® certification scheme

33. Terminology
REACH- Regulation, Evaluation, Authorisation and
Restriction of Chemicals
SVHC – Substances of Very High Concern
ECHA – European Chemical Agency
Candidate list – A list of SVHC that have been formally
recognised by REACH for potential
authorisation.

34. • Substance – a chemical element and its compounds in the natural
state or obtained by any manufacturing process,including any
additive necessary to preserve its stability and any impurity deriving
from the process used,but excluding any solvent which may be
separated without affecting the stability of a substance or changing
its composition
• Preparation – means a mixture or solution composed of two or
more substances
• Article – means an object which during its production is given a
special shape,surface or design which determines its function to a
greater degree than does its chemical composition
The following are examples of items that can be classed as articles
and preparations for textiles :-
Articles
Finished garments,fabric (woven,non-
woven,knitted),yarns,fibres,clothing accessories.
Preparations
Spin finishes,certain dyes,auxilary chemicals.

35. Textiles and REACH svhc
Dibutyl phthalate plasticizer yes
Colbalt dichloride dyeing agent,drier no*
Diarsenic pentaoxide Pesticide,dyeing agent no*
Diarsenic trioxide prep of pesticides,leather preservatives no*
Sodium dichromate,dihydrate Oxidizing agent,Mordant agent yes
Bis(tributyltin)oxide biocide agent,catalyst stabiliser yes
Lead hydrogen arsenate pesticide yes
Triethyl arsenate Preservative no*
Benzyl butyl phthalate Plasticizer yes
5-tert-butyl-2,4,6-trinitro-m-
xylene(musk xylene) fragrance agent
yes
Bis(2-ethyl(hexyl)phthalate (DEHP)
plasticizer
yes
Hexabromocylododecane(HBCDD)
flame retardant
yes
Alkanes,C10-13,chloro(Short Chain
Chlorinated Paraffins)
flame retardant,softening agent no
Current candidate List (1.01.09)

36. List of current substances to be added to SVHC candidate list
no Substance Cas No
1 Anthracene oil 292-602-7
2 Anthracene oil,paste 295-278-5
3 Anthracene oil,paste,fraction 295-275-9
4 Anthracene oil,anthracene -low 292-604-8
5 Anthracene oil,anthracene paste 292-603-2
6 Diisobutyl pthalate 201-553-2
7 2,4-Dinitrotoluene 204-450-0
8 residues(coal tar),pitch distn 295-507-9
9 Distillates(coal tar),heavy oils 292-607-4
10 Distillates(coal tar),heavy oils,pyrene fraction 295-304-5
11 coal tar pitch,high temperature 266-028-2
12 tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate 115-96-8
13 Arsenic acid and its salts 033-005-001