seminar presentation ppt on solid waste management

1. Solid Waste Management
Gulshan Kumar
Civil engg.
Roll no.-

2. What Are Waste ?
• “ Substances or objects which are disposed of or are
intended to be disposed of or are required to be
disposed of by the provisions of the law”
• Disposal means
“Any operation which may lead to resource recovery,
recycling, reclamation, direct re-use or alternative
uses.”

3. Classification
• Domestic waste
• Factory waste
• Waste from oil factory
• E-waste
• Construction waste
• Agricultural waste
• Food processing waste
• Bio-medical waste
• Nuclear waste

4. Solid Waste

5. Classification of Wastes
• Solid waste- vegetable waste, kitchen waste, household
waste etc.
• E-waste- discarded electronic devices like computer, TV,
music systems etc.
• Liquid waste- water used for different industries eg
tanneries, distillaries, thermal power plants
• Plastic waste- plastic bags, bottles, buckets etc.
• Metal waste- unused metal sheet, metal scraps etc.
• Nuclear waste- unused materials from nuclear power
plants

6. Classification of Waste a/c to their properties
Bio-degradable :-
can be degraded (paper, wood, fruits and others)
Non-biodegradable :-
cannot be degraded (plastics, bottles, old machines,
cans, containers and others)

7. SOURCES OF WASTE
HOUSEHOLDS
COMMERCE
AND
INDUSTRY

8. SOURCES OF WASTE
Agriculture
Fisheries

9. Solid Waste in India
• 7.2 million tonnes of hazardous waste
• One Sq. km of additional landfill area every-year
• Rs 1600 crore for treatment & disposal of these wastes
• In addition to this industries discharge about 150 million
tonnes of high volume low hazard waste every year,
which is mostly dumped on open low lying land areas.
Source: Estimate of Ministry of Environment & Forest

10. Growth of Solid Waste In India
• Waste is growing every year
• In 1981-91, population of Mumbai increased from 8.2
million to 12.3 million
• During the same period, municipal solid waste has grown
from 3200 tonnes to 5355 tonne, an increase of 67%
• Waste collection is very low for all Indian cities
• City like Bangalore produces 2000 tonnes of waste per
annum, the ever increasing waste has put pressure on
hygienic condition of the city
Source: The Energy & Resources Institute, New Delhi

11. Projections on Waste Generation In India

12. Waste Collection in India
• Primarily by the city municipality :-
- No gradation of waste product e.g. - bio-degradable,
glasses, polybags, paper shreds etc.
- Dumps these wastes to the city outskirts
• Local raddiwala / kabadiwala (Rag pickers) :-
- Collecting small iron pieces by magnets
- Collecting glass bottles
- Collecting paper for recycling

13. Disposal of solid wastes
• Sanitary land filling
• Shredding
• Composting
• Incineration
• Barging it out into the Sea

14. Managing Waste
Recycling
Benefits of recycling :-
- Reduce environmental degradation
- Making money out of waste
- Save energy that would have gone into waste handling &
product manufacture
Saving through recycling :-
- Making paper from waste saves 50% energy
- Every tonne of recycled glass saves energy equivalent to
100 litres of oil

15. Managing Waste
• Reduce Waste :-
- Reduce office paper waste
- Improve product design to use less materials.
- Redesign packaging to eliminate excess material while
maintaining strength.
- Work with customers to design and implement a packaging
return program.
- Switch to reusable transport containers.

16. Managing Waste
Reuse :-
- Reuse office furniture and supplies, such as interoffice
envelopes, file folders, and paper.
- Use durable towels, tablecloths, napkins, dishes, cups,
and glasses.
- Use incoming packaging materials for outgoing
shipments.
- Encourage employees to reuse office materials rather
than purchase new ones.

17. Managing Waste
Donate/Exchange :-
- old books
- old clothes
- old computers
- excess building materials
- old equipment to local organizations

18. Hazardous / Toxic Waste & Dumping Site
• Industrialized countries have waste management
problems
• Developed countries have strict environment
regulation norms
• Most attractive option for them- to dump into
developing countries

19. Collection & Recycling of Waste Materials

20. Recycling not a solution to all problems !
- Recycling is not a solution to managing
every kind of waste material
- For many items recycling technologies are
unavailable or unsafe
- In some cases, cost of recycling is too high

21. Solution : More Profit With Zero Waste
• Exchanging output that are considered waste
• Waste of one could be input or raw material for
others

22. Problems in Dealing With Solid Waste
• Education
• Collection of waste
• Technological interventions
• Institutions & regulatory framework
• Absence of mandatory standards for waste reduction
• Market action for waste reduction
Source: The Energy & Resources Institute

23. • Effects our health
• Affects our socio-economics condition
• Affects our costal and marine environment
• Affects our climate
EFFECT OF WASTE IF NOT MANAGED WISELY

24. Thank You