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Web 3.0 The Semantic Web
1.
Web 3.0
The Semantic Web Hatem Mahmoud Lead Developer, eSpace ExpressionLab.com
2.
Agenda Introduction The Problem Solutions Applications Summary
3.
Introduction
4.
Every language has
its own Syntax and Semantics
5.
Syntax is the
study of grammar
6.
Semantics is the
study of meaning
7.
Syntax is how
to say something
8.
Semantic is the
meaning behind what you say
9.
Different syntaxes may have
the same semantic: x += y x=x+y
10.
Syntax and semantics
are all about communication
11.
Computers use network protocols to
communicate in networks
12.
The Internet is
a huge network of computers that use TCP/IP to communicate
13.
14.
The Web is
a system of interlinked documents accessed via the Internet
15.
16.
Web browsers use
HTTP to communicate with Web servers
17.
You can view
Web pages and use hyperlinks to navigate between them
18.
People can easily
access any of these documents
19.
20.
This is the
largest source of information ever
21.
This is Web 1.0
22.
Authors started to
use Ajax
23.
People started to
share photos and videos
24.
25.
26.
People started to
interact in social networks
27.
28.
29.
People started to
publish content in blogs
30.
31.
32.
People started to contribute
in wikis
33.
34.
People started to
use tags and RSS
35.
36.
This is the Read-Write
Web
37.
This is Web 2.0
38.
39.
40.
The Problem
41.
Web pages are
written in HTML
42.
HTML describes the structure
of information
43.
HTML describes the syntax
not the semantics
44.
If computers can understand
the meaning behind information...
45.
they can learn
what we are interested in
46.
they can help
us better find what we want
47.
This is really
what the Semantic Web is all about
48.
This is Web 3.0
49.
Today's Web is
about documents
50.
51.
The Semantic Web
is about things
52.
53.
It can recognize
people, places, events, companies, products, movies, etc.
54.
It can understand
the relationships between things
55.
Example?
56.
57.
Solutions
58.
Solution: Top Down
59.
Information analysis, web scraping,
natural language processing
60.
Expensive! human intervention, hard
to maintain, legal issues
61.
Solution: Bottom Up
62.
Embedding semantical annotations into
the data
63.
How?
64.
Available options: RDFa and
microformats
65.
RDFa
66.
RDF is Resource Description
Framework
67.
RDF is a
W3C standard for describing resources in the Web
68.
RDF identifies things
using URIs (Uniform Resource Identifiers)
69.
RDF uses simple statements
(Triples) to describe things
70.
Thing-Property-Value Subject-Predicate-Object
71.
RDF graph representation
72.
73.
RDF/XML
74.
75.
N3 (Notation3)
76.
77.
RDFa = RDF
in attributes
78.
RDFa provides a
set of XHTML attributes that express RDF data
79.
Example: Alice in Semantic
Wonderland
80.
Alice is a
blogger who publishes articles at http://example.com/alice
81.
She wants to
declare the license of her work
82.
83.
She wants to
specify title and creator of an article
84.
But there are
no such attributes in XHTML
85.
She can use
Dublin Core vocabulary Dublin: Dublin, Ohio, USA Core: only the core elements of metadata
86.
87.
She wants to
give Bob proper credit when she posts his photos
88.
89.
She wants to
display her name, email and phone
90.
She can use Friend-of-a-Friend
vocabulary
91.
92.
She wants to
list her friends
93.
94.
SPARQL (SPARQL Protocol And RDF
Query Language)
95.
SPARQL is a
query language for RDF data
96.
You can search
for "friends of Alice who created items whose title contains 'Bob'"
97.
microformats
98.
microformats are simple
conventions for embedding semantics in HTML
99.
designed for humans first,
and machines second
100.
No namespaces, No
new tags
101.
Built upon existing
standards vCard, iCalendar, Atom, etc.
102.
hCard
(HTML vCard) represents people, companies, places and organizations
103.
104.
hCalendar (HTML iCalendar) Represents
calendar events
105.
106.
hReview Represents reviews
of products, services, businesses, events, etc.
107.
108.
hResume represents resumes
109.
Applications
110.
111.
112.
YahooTech uses hReview
for product reviews
113.
114.
LinkedIn uses hResume
for resumes
115.
116.
YahooUpcoming uses
hCal for events
117.
118.
119.
120.
121.
122.
123.
124.
125.
126.
127.
128.
129.
130.
Challenges! tools, privacy, trust, applications,
devices
131.
Summary
132.
“I have a
dream for the Web in which computers become capable of analyzing all the data on the Web” Tim Berners-Lee, 1999 Inventor of the Web
133.
The Semantic Web
is not a separate Web but an extension of the current one
134.
135.
136.
137.
It is really
happening today
138.
Resources
139.
140.
141.
142.
143.
144.
Thank You! Hatem Mahmoud Lead
Developer, eSpace ExpressionLab.com