This PPT is about the factor that one need to consider for getting an EIA in mining project.This report describe all of the above factor for vedanta mining project EIA report with through analysis given in notes section. It also describe the various laws that one need to compile with in Indian Scinerio.And finally analyse the shortcoming of the procedure and the flaws in it.

1. Legal procedure and
factor for getting an
EIA report in a Mining
project and its short-
-coming.
Presented by :-
Himanshu Goyal(2013TT10932)
Anmol Deepak (2012EE20504)

2. Content
▪ 1. Factors for the EIA report in mining projects(Me)
▪ 2. How to proceed for such an assessment (Me)
▪ 3. Legal requirements
▪ 4. Shortcoming of above process.
▪ 5. Conclusion
▪ 6. Bibliography
2

3. 1. Factor to be considered for
an EIA report in a Mining
project.
3

4. 1.Factor to be considered for an EIA
report in a Mining project.
▪ 1. Land use/ Landscape
▪ 2. Socio-economic
▪ 3.Water resources/hydrology
▪ 4. Water quality
▪ 5. Air pollution, Noise and vibrations
▪ 6. Ecology (flora & fauna)
▪ 7.Public health and safety
All the images in the background of this ppt are related to mining industry and are mostly taken from short book title “Environmental Impact Assessment Procedure for
Mining Projects in Finland” or a result of open goolge search the link of the book is given in the notes section of PPT
4

5. 1. Land-scape
▪ During mining and post-mining phases drastic changes in landscape with
landforms take place.The major associated impacts are soil-erosion, loss of top
soil, change in complete geology, creation of huge dumps & voids, disposal of
wastes, deforestation etc.
▪ Ecological importance of the proposed area and all the possible factor which will
get affected due to purposed project.
▪ Overburden analysis and selective procedures for handling requirements.
5

6. 2. Land Use:-
▪ Impact on land use during the pre mining phase i.e. the removal of vegetation
and resettlement of displaced population.
▪ To ensure land use changes happen in an optimal way so that impacts are minimised
and land is reclaimed as soon as possible with predetermined land use patterns and
landscape considerations.
▪ To minimise the impacts on the local population with provision of environmental
benefits to local people.
▪ ForVedanta project nearly 1.2 lakhs of trees was to be cut down and 7 square Km of
land to be occupied and used for the course of 23 years.
Image showing mining work in State elephant reserve. 6

7. 3. Socio-economic
▪ The major beneficial impacts of mining projects are change in employment & income
opportunity, infrastructure, medical facilities etc.
▪ The major adverse impact, however, is the displacement and
rehabilitation/resettlement of affected people including change in culture, heritage
& related features.
▪ For employment, displaced persons to be given preference in recruitment to
category in concerned company
▪ Since R&R is very sensitive issue, utmost care should be taken in its effective
implementation while involving the actual displaced persons.While initiating R&R
measures, care should be taken to ensure to the extent possible, that the traditional
life style of local people is not disturbed.
7

8. 4. Hydrology/water resources
▪ The major adverse impacts are changes in ground water flow patterns, lowering of
water table, changes in the hydrodynamic conditions of river/underground recharge
basings, reduction in volumes of subsurface discharge to water bodies.
▪ The bauxite-bearing soils have a highly porous structure that gives them an increased
capacity for water retention.These hill-top bauxite-containing soils are sources of
perennial water and are crucial for ensuring a continuous water supply in low rainfall
seasons
▪ Provision for creation of stored water bodies be made by putting up the pumped out
mine water in these.This can provide excellent recharging facility and ensure proper
quantity of available water in league with National Water Policy Wherever possible
grouting may be done to prevent particular water bodies.
8

9. 5. Water Quality
▪ What are the water pollution due to erosion, oil & grease, contamination of water
bodies due to discharge of mine water/effluents, pollution from domestic & sewage
effluents, sedimentation of rivers and other stored water bodies, leachates from
wash-off from dumps, solid waste disposal sites, broken rocks, toxic wastes, salinity
from mine fires, acid mine drainage etc.
▪ Sedimentation can be checked by providing various engineering measures and
stabilising dumps etc.
▪ Collection/storage of leachates, seepages, wash-offs with subsequent treatment
▪ Proper sanitation and provision of domestic and sewage effluents treatment
▪ Treatment of mine water discharges.
9

10. 6. Noise and Vibrations,
▪ The major adverse impacts during pre-mining and mining phases are
generation of obnoxious levels of noise & vibrations which also spread in
neighbouring communities.
▪ Use of silencers/mufflers in HEMM,
▪ Use of noise insulating enclosures.
▪ Location of residential/resettlement colonies away from noise generating
sources.
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11. 7. Air pollution
▪ The major adverse impact is the high intensity of dust nuisance
problems such as visuals, soiling and degradation of materials etc.
The major sources activities of dust emissions are drilling & blasting.
▪ All the possible effluent from industry should be mentioned and
more consideration is given to air pollution if mining area has a
refinery also.
▪ Consolidation of haul roads & other roads should be sprayed with
suitable chemical additives for effective check of dust emissions.
▪ Provision for regular air quality monitoring at all the possible effected
sites should be done.
▪ Should adhere toAir pollution act 1981.
11

12. 8. Flora and Fauna
▪ The major adverse impacts due to pre-mining and mining phases are loss of
habitat, biodiversity, rare flora & fauna, fisheries & other aquatic life, migration of
wildlife and overall disruption of the ecology of the area. During post-mining
phase after land restoration, ecology may effectively improve.
▪ Providing environmental (wildlife) corridors to link adjacent habitat where
mining is to be carried out in such sensitive afforested areas.
▪ Suitable design of greenbelts/shelter beds with selected species should be
provided which can also respond to attenuate dust, gaseous emissions and noise
levels.
▪ Should adhere to the wildlife protection act 1972.
12

13. Flora before mining flora after mining start
Decomposition of flying ash on wheat crop
13

14. 9. Public Health and safety
▪ Various respirable and water-borne diseases are cause of concern for public
health and safety in mining areas due to high intensity dust nuisance
▪ Risks and hazards arise mainly from blasting and mine occupational activities
and are well established. Blasting may effect the mine workers as well as
people residing in the vicinity of mine and dependent upon the type &
quantity of explosives used.
▪ These include mock safety drill during blasting, stabilisation of dumps and
fencing of hazardous areas
▪ As a result of better sanitation, medical facilities and other infrastructural
facilities, there is likelihood of the reduction in disease. However, regular
medical check up of employees particular those put on risky and occupational
hazards should be done periodically
▪ The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991
14

15. 10. Monitoring
▪ Each mining company including at project level usually identify within
its setup a Department/Section/Cell with trained personnel to take up
the model responsibility of environmental management as required for
planning and implementation of the projects.
▪ To ensure that no impacts are in excess of standards
▪ To check the predictions made in EIA
▪ To facilitate identification of any unidentified impacts and make
provisions for their mitigation.
▪ Total water usage, waste water generated and waste water
recycled,Noise level ,SOx and NOx Emission shall be monitored.15

16. 11.Public Consultation
▪ The public also has an important role to play in EIA.The concerned
persons will be invited through press advertisement to review
information and provide their views on the proposed development
requiring environmental clearance
▪ In this the concerns of local affected persons is ascertained with a
view to taking into account all the material concerns in the project or
activity design as appropriate.
▪ After completion of the public consultation, one shall address all the
environmental concerns expressed during this process, and make
appropriate changes in the draft EIA.
16

17. 2. How to get an EIA (Step By step)
17

18. Steps For getting an EIA
1.
Screening
2.
Scoping
3.
Collecting
Base Line
Data
4.
Impact
Predicti
on
5.
Assessment
of
alternatives
6.
Preparation
Of EMP
and EMI
7.
Public
hearing
8.
Decision
Making
9.
Monitoring
the post
performance
18

19. 19
1.IDENTIFY project
or ACTION
2. Screening
3. EIA NOT REQUIRED 4. EIA REQUIRED
5. SCOPINGTERMSOF
REFERENCE PREAPRED
6. DRAFT EIA
7. Feasibility
Studies , BASELINE
STUDIES
IMPACT STUDIES 8. Final EIA submition
9.DECISIONOR/and
ENVIROMENTAL
CLEARANCE
10. PROJECT
REJECTED
11. PROJECT
APPROVED
12. PROJECT
IMPLEMENTATIONOR
MONITORING
13.Administrat
ive review
0. Public
hearing and
participation
Public hearing in various step of an EIA

20. 3. Legal Requirments
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21. ▪ Specified activities in forest areas are controlled under this act.
▪ Use of forest land for mining and other non-forestry purposes is not
encouraged.
▪ Clearance for such activities are difficult to obtain
The Forest Conservation Act,1980
21

22. The Water (prevention and control of pollution) Act,
1974
▪ The investor intending to set up an industry is required to apply to the
SPCB to obtain a CFE and then CFO.
▪ Consent (permission) is granted for limited period of time.
S.No. List of Parameters Units Standard
1 Colour and Odour -- All efforts should be made to remove
colour and unpleasant odour as far as
practicable.
2 Suspended Solids mg/l 100.0
3 Particle size of Suspended Solids -- Shall pass 850 micron IS Sieve
4 pH value -- 5.5 to 9.0
5 Temperature -- Shall not exceed 5 oC above the receiving
water temperature.22

23. ▪ This act is similar toWater Act 1974.
▪ In a state where water pollution board is already established these
boards are combined to form SPCBs.
The Air Act,1981
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24. NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS
Pollutant Time
Weighted
Average
Concentration in Ambient Air (g/m3)
Standard
Industria
l Area
Residential, Rural &
Other Areas
Sensitive Areas
Sulphur dioxide
(SO2)
Annual Average* 80 60 15
24 Hours** 120 80 30
Oxides of
Nitrogen (NOx)
Annual Average* 80 60 15
24 Hours** 120 80 30
Suspended
Particulate
Matter (SPM)
Annual Average* 360 140 70
24 Hours** 500 200 100
Respirable
Particulate
Matter (Size less
than 10 microns)
Annual Average* 120 60 50
24 Hours** 150 100 75
27

25. Pollutant Time
Weighted
Average
Concentration in Ambient Air (g/m3)
Standard
Industria
l Area
Residential, Rural &
Other Areas
Sensitive Areas
Lead (Pb) Annual Average* 1.0 0.75 0.50
24 Hours** 1.5 1.0 0.75
Carbon monoxide
(CO)
8 Hours 5000 2000 1000
1 Hour** 10000 4000 2000
Ammonia Annual Average* 100 100 100
24 Hours** 400 400 400
NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS
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26. Environment Protection Act and Rules, 1986
▪ This Act was enacted to provide for the protection and improvement
of environment.
▪ It is considered necessary to prevent the hazards to human beings,
other living creatures, plants and property.
▪ This act gave birth to many acts
▪ This act call for procedural requirements for
– Obtaining EnvironmentalClearance; and
– Submission of Environmental Statement.
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27. The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991
▪ purpose is to provide immediate relief to the persons affected by
accident occurring while handling any hazardous substance and for
matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.
▪ Where death or injury to any person (other than a workman) or
damage to any property has resulted from an accident, the owner
shall be liable to give such relief as is specified in Schedule for
such death, injury or damage.
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28. 4.Shortcomings of above process
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29. ▪ The donor agencies like theWorld Bank and the Asian Development
Bank grant environmental clearance for the projects that are directly
funded by these agencies through a different set of requirements .
▪ The procedural formalities have created an obtrusive ineffective
process resulting in political and corporate interest creating a form of
green tapism in the clearance procedure.
▪ Reduced Public participation.
▪ Exclusion of Panchayats in public hearing panels.
▪ Local governance bodies is excluded from consulting in the matter of
policy and decision making process.
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30. ▪ Railways and irrigation projects impact the environment but excluded
from EIA 2006.
▪ Due to deficiency of reliable data sources and the credibility of the
primary data attenuated the concept of quality EIA reports.
▪ Creates inefficiency and abuse of power because of freedom to take
decision was granted to bureaucracy without any safeguards and
accountability.
▪ Corrupt, prejudicial and ineffective decisions by the bureaucratic
stranglehold.
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31. 6. Biblography :-
1.Supportive review The-Lanjigarh-Development-Story-Vedanta-
Perspective.pdfhttp://www.vedantaaluminium.com/pdf/The-Lanjigarh-
Development-Story-Vedanta-Perspective.pdf
2. Critic review  SaxenaVedanta 
http://envfor.nic.in/sites/default/files/Saxena_Vedanta-1.pdf
3.new_guide_for_environmental_impact_assessment_procedure_for_mining_proje
cts.pdf”https://www.tem.fi/files/42872/New_guide_for_environmental_impact_a
ssessment_procedure_for_mining_projects.pdf
4. “environmentalimpactassessmentofminingprojects-17-03-09-120119100359-
phpapp01.pdf”  http://s3.amazonaws.com/ppt-download/haribonbiodive-
110613095259-phpapp01.pdf?response-content
disposition=attachment&Signature=5chSkuEdMvpgokyEWeMwSbDiF3k%3D&Expi
res=1457170763&AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAJ6D6SEMXSASXHDAQ 35

32. Biblography :-
5. “Guide Book for evaluating mining project”
https://www.elaw.org/files/mining-eia-guidebook/Full-Guidebook.pdf
6. “Report for Process of getting an EIA”
http://envfor.nic.in/divisions/iass/eia/Chapter1.htm
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33. Content here ……
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