1. PRESENTED BY :-
MR. INDRA MANI MISHRA
NURSING TUTOR AT RIMS CON,
RANCHI
M.Sc. Nursing, B.Sc. Biotechnology 1
2. INTRODUCTION
Occupational health is the health science
which is related to human work , work place
and work environment . Occupational health
is entirely preventive medicine. The chief
objectives of occupational health is the
safety of workers in all occupations from
injuries and diseases and to improve their
health status . Occupational health science
gives priority to the welfare of the workers .
Through health protections and promotions ,
the efficiency of 2
3. CONT…
workers can be improved thus more work
and productions can be achieved ,
absenteeism can be checked and better
relationship can be established between
workers and management .
3
4. DEFINITION
According to joint international labor
organization committee on occupational
health , 1950 defined occupational health as
“The highest degree of physical ,mental and
social well-being of workers in all
occupations.
4
5. GOALS
To reduce industrial accidents .
To prevent occupational hazards/diseases.
To achieve maximum human efficiency and
machine efficiency.
To reduce sick absenteeism.
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6. OBJECTIVES OF OCCUPATIONAL
HEALTH
To maintain and promote the physical ,
mental well-being of the workers.
To prevent occupational diseases and injuries
.
To adopt the work place and work
environment to the needs of the workers i.e;
application of ergonomics principle.
It should be preventive rather than curative.
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8. ADVANTAGES OF OCCUPATIONAL
HEALTH CARE….
Investigates and assesses load factors and
hazards and gives expert assistance for
eliminating them.
Gives information and advice .
Estimates employees ‘working ability and
monitors their health condition.
By its knowledge and skills support action for
maintaining working ability in the development
of individuals ,working environment and
working community , in this way also affecting
productivity continued.
8
9. CONT…
Prevents occupational diseases and other work
related illnesses.
Prevents premature incapacity for work ,
reduces pension costs.
Reduces absenteeism due to sickness .
Can make calculations of the profitability of
occupational safety and health and
occupational health care in cooperation with
workplaces or encourage workplaces to
make these themselves.
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10. THE UNDERTAKINGS FOR THE NEED
OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE
Any undertakings, which employ more than
the prescribed number.
Public sector undertakings.
Atomic energy unit, explosive production
unit, mining unit, and asbestos production
unit etc.
A unit where workers are exposed to health
hazards from toxic substances.
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11. FUNCTIONS OF OCCUPATIONAL
HEALTH SERVICE-CONT…
1) Pre-employment medical examination.
2) First Aid and emergency service.
3) Supervision of the work environment for
the control of dangerous substances in the
work environment.
4) Special periodic medical examination
particularly for the workers in dangerous
operations.
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12. CONT..
5) Health education for disseminating
Information on specific hazards and risks in the
work environment.
6) Special examination and surveillance of
health of women and children .
7) Advising the employer or management for
improving working conditions, and placement
of hazards.
12
13. CONT….
8) Monitoring of working environment for
assessment and control of hazards.
9) Supervision over sanitation, hygiene and
canteen facilities.
10) Liaison and cooperation with the
safety committees
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14. THE FACTORS FORTHE FACTORS FOR
EFFECTIVENESS OFEFFECTIVENESS OF
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTHOCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
SERVICES:SERVICES:
1. The nature of industry; small, medium or large and
its location.
2. Existing infrastructure of health services.
3. Trained manpower.
4. Workers involvement and employers commitment.
5. Surveillance of the working environment by means
of epidemiological studies and testing.
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15. Components occupational healthComponents occupational health
services –services – CONT..CONT..
Medical treatment, First aid treatment in emergency.
Health education, First aid education.
Medical examination
Pre employment examination
Medical treatment, First aid treatment in emergency.
Health education, First aid education.
Medical examination
Pre employment examination
Periodic medical examination
Special medical examination
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16. CONT….
Health counseling
Stress management
Mental health
Physical health
Rehabilitation programme
Medical rehabilitation
Social rehabilitation
Educational rehabilitation
Vocational rehabilitation
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17. CONT…
Assessment of dusts pollution
Assessment of noise pollution
Assessment of vibration
Assessment heat radiation
Assessment of radiation
17
18. CONT…
• Supervision of the working environment
• Hazard identification
• Monitoring
• Evaluation
• Engineering project review
• Control measures
• Development of personal protective devices
18
19. CONT…
• Family welfare program
• To take care of employee and dependents
• Disaster management
• Health records maintenance
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22. FOUR TYPES
Diseases only occupational in origin (pneumoconiosis)
Where occupation as one of the causal factors
(bronchogenic carcinoma)
Occupation as A contributary factor (chronic bronchitis)
Occupation aggrevating pre-existing condition (asthma)
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30. OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES
Diseases due to Biological Agents
• Hepatitis B, Rabies, AIDS, Leptospirosis…,
Occupational Cancers
• Cancer of Skin, Lungs, Bladder
Occupational Dermatosis
• Dermatitis, Eczema
Psychosocial Diseases
• Neurosis, Peptic ulcer, Hypertension
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31. MUSCULO-SKELETAL
PROBLEMS
• Due to Excessive load on the muscles, ligaments, tendons
and bone.
• Due to Insufficient circulation to the Musculoskeletal
system.
• Work that requires activity of a small group of relatively
weak muscles (such as continuous use of fingers of the
dominant hand in data entry).
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32. COMMON SITES FOR MUSCULO-
SKELETAL PROBLEMS
• Neck
• Forearm
• Wrist
• Fingers
• Back
• Knee
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35. MEDICAL MEASURES
– Pre-employment medical check up
– Periodic medical examination
– Health promotion
– Health education
– Specific protection
– Assessment of risk by supervision of working
environment
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36. PERIODIC MEDICAL EXAMINATION
• Evaluation of general health status.
• Earliest detection and prevention of work related disorders.
• Early detection, control and prevention of any health
disorder which may affect the ability to perform the job.
• To detect deviation in health status from base line data.
• Detection of infectious / communicable diseases which may
affect others.
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38. SUMMARY
• Introduction
• Definition
• Goals
• Objectives of occupationalhealth
• Occupational health
• Advantages of occupational health care
• The understanding for the need of occupational health services
• Functions of occupational health services
• Factors effecting occupational health services
• Components of occupational health
• Occupational hazards
• Routes of exposure
• Occupational diseases
• Medical measures
• Periodic medical examination
• Preventive measures 38
39. BIBLIOGRAPHY
• Park .k, Essentials of community health nursing,4th
edition 2004 , published byBanarisidas Bhanot
premnagar , Jabalpur pg no.248-253.
• Park. k, Testbook of preventive and social
medicine,22nd
edition , published by M/s
Banarasidas Bhanot ,Premnagar , Jabalpur pg no.
748-763.
• www.google.com
• www.medlineplus.com
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