The Research Institute for Radiation Medicine and Ecology
1. 1
The Research Institute for Radiation Medicine and Ecology
The Ministry of Public Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Semey, 2013
2. In holes
In galleries
29%
45%
The date of foundation- 21.08.1947
first testing - 29.08.1949
last testing -19.10.1989
The date of closing - 29.08.1991
The area of testing site 18500 км2
Air tests - 86
Ground tests - 30
Underground tests - 340
General information about the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site
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3. The Secret Dispensary №4 of
the USSR Ministry of Public
Health was opened in
Semipalatinsk in March in 1957
The Dispensary's work was
classified as the"Top Secret"
Any contacts with the War Office
were forbidden
Its aims:
- the estimation of radiation-hygienic
situation in the Semipalatinsk region and
near to the test site;
- the monitoring of the populations health in
the region
4. The Decree №409 about closing of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site
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After the break up of the Soviet
Union, on August 29 in 1991 SNTS
stopped its work according to the
Decree signed by President of
Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbaev.
5. In 1992 Dispensary N 4 was reorganized to Scientific Research
Institute for Radiation Medicine and Ecology
6. Problems
THE NEED OF
RECONSTRUCTION
AND CALCULATION
THE DOSES OF
THE EXPOSURE
POPULATION
ESTABLISHMENT OF
QUANTITATIVE AND
AGE-GENDER
COMPOSITION
GROUPS OF
RADIATION RISK
ESTIMATION OF
HEALTH-
DEMOGRAPHIC
EFFECTS AND THE
CALCULATION OF
MEDICAL LOSS
PREVENTION OF
DISEASES INDUCED
BY RADIATION
AND THE
REHABILITATION OF
VICTIMS
The radiation-ecological accident
Testing of the nuclear weapon
at the test sites of the
Kazakhstan
(1000000-1500000 people)
7. The Groups of the radiation risk in the Eastern
Kazakhstan
The population of the Eastern Kazakhstan in total -
1,430,000 people.
Among it:
The groups of the radiation risk – 356,000 people
(25% of total)
People suffered a direct radiation – 107,000 people
(30 %)
Second- and third-generations descendants - 249,000 people
(70 %)
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8. In 2003 the institute started the formation of the State Medical Register
database of the population exposed to radiation with assistance specialists
from the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (Hiroshima, Japan).
At present time the Register database contains information about more
than 100 thousand exposed people and their offspring
9. DNA and biological materials bank
The evaluation of
the radiation
induced effects
The examination
of the marks of
the personal
radiation
perceptibility
The main directions of the scientific researches
10. Consultative and Diagnostic Department
Consultative and Diagnostic Department stuff
are performing the screening examination of
groups with high risk for radiation-induced
diseases and further profound examination
using modern medical equipment. Also
specialists consult the patients about
prevention of diseases which is included in the
program of medical rehabilitation.
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Rehabilitation Department
More detail examinations are conducted in
Rehabilitation Department. Also medical
stuff provides medical treatment of
radiation-induced diseases to residents living
near test site.
13. The international relationships of the Research Institute
for Radiation Medicine and Ecology
The Federal Medical-Biological
Agency, RF, RC, RI, IHEs
The Institute named after
L.Paster, Paris
Universities of Hiroshima
and Nagasaki cities
The Institute of the Radiation
Hygiene, Munich
Norwegian Radiation
Authority, Oslo
Cancer diseases
Research Institute, London
The Institute of Evolution
Of the Haifa University
The National Institute
of Health
(NIH)
14. Our Experience in International Projects
• Reconstruction and calculation of retrospective doses on the territories
surrounding the SNTS (soil, water, bark, bricks sampling, ESR dosimetry
of tooth enamel). Hiroshima University (Japan) – Institute of Biophysics
(Russian Federation) - Nation Institute of Health (USA);
• International project with Institute of Radiation Hygiene (Germany, Munich)
«Studying of the nuclear weapon tests influence on the population health
of Semipalatinsk area» in the framework of INCO-KOPERNICUS
programme;
• International study grant with Institute Cancer diseases Research Institute,
London «Reproductive health estimation among exposed people living
around SNTS»
• International study grant with Radiation Effects Research Foundation
(Hiroshima, Japan) «Formation of the State Medical Register database of
the exposed population as a result of activity of SNTS»
• International project with Institute for Science Peace (Hiroshima
University) «Social-psychological effects of the population living near
nuclear test site»
15. Select soil samples near the SNTS
for physical and dosimetry research
Select of bricks with scientists from Russia
(Obninsk, Russia)
Select soil samples with scientists from
Hiroshima University (Japan)
Select tree cortex with scientists from
Kanazawa University (Japan)
Teeth samples for ESR-dosimetry
16. The dosimetry of the environmental objects and biological methods of EED calculating
Since 1995 the joint work has been carried out together with scientists from Hiroshima
University. The work was devoted to the evaluation of the content of long-lived products of
nuclear explosions with appropriate reconstruction of the EED to 191,000 people.
17. The directions of strategic researches of the Research
Institute for Radiation Medicine and Ecology
1. The examination of the mechanisms of the inheritance of the
deterministic effects of the ionizing radiation by descendants.
2. The clinical-epidemiological and genetic indication of effects of
mediated radiation influence among people born from irradiated
parents.
3. The development and introduction of methods of medical-social
rehabilitation of descendants born from irradiated parents.
4. The examination of the mechanisms of the “small doses” effect of
radiation on the organism according to the significant rise of groups
with radiation risk which are connected with the future expansion of
the atomic energy and the extraction of uranium in Kazakhstan.
