YOKO NEDO: Smart Community Projects

1. Deputy Director
Smart Community Department
New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization
Concurrently
Secretariat
Japan Smart Community Alliance
Yoko Matsuzaka
Smart Community Projects
May 22, 2013

2. 2
Agenda
 What is NEDO?
 What is Smart Community?
 Japan’s Experience in Smart Grid
and Smart Community
 Concrete Examples
 What we have learned

3. 3
Agenda
 What is NEDO?
 What is Smart Community?
 Japan’s Experience in Smart Grid
and Smart Community
 Concrete Examples
 What we have learned

4. Coordination with
policymaking authorities
Combined efforts of
Industry, academia and government
NEDO’s Mission
Ministry of
Economy, Tra
de and
Industry
Promotion of national projects
Autonomous and advanced project management
Promotion of technology development based on
a flexible and agile project management scheme
Industry
Universities
 Addressing energy and global environmental issues
through technology development and international
collaborative demonstration projects
 Enhancement of cutting-edge industrial technologies
4

5. 5
Agenda
 What is NEDO?
 What is Smart Community?
 Japan’s Experience in Smart Grid
and Smart Community
 Concrete Examples
 What we have learned

6. New-
generation Gas
Station
Zero Energy
Buildings
Cogeneration
Solar Power
Wind Power
Energy Management System
GE
GE
Solar Power
Smart House
Storage
Battery
Biogas
Wind Power
Mega Solar
Na-S Battery
EVs and
PHEVs
Enable better use of
heat in addition to
electricity
Construct an energy system which is mutually
beneficial for main grid operator and regional
energy management provider
Home Storage
Battery
Waste Heat
Utilize IT for
peak cuts
Regional Energy
Management Provider
Construct charging
stations for EVs
GE
Information Network
Smart Meter:
Visualization of home
energy use and
demand control
Connect BEMS with regional EMS
Main Grid
GE
6
Image of Smart Community

7. 7
Smart Community
An area in which residents, workers
and business enterprises carry out
sustainable earth-friendly action
autonomously,
thereby improving the local
infrastructure and social system

8. 8
NEDO, JSCA and …
Global Smart Grid Federation
Members: Around 350
Electric Power, gas, automobile, information and communication, electric
machinery, construction and trading industries as well as the public sector and
academia
Secretariat:
A member of
Board members: 9 private companies
TOSHIBA
(president), Hitachi, ITOCHU, JGC, Kansai
Electric Power, MITSUBISHI
ELECTRIC, Panasonic, Tokyo Gas, TOYOTA
Supported by METI

9. 9
Agenda
 What is NEDO?
 What is Smart Community?
 Japan’s Experience in Smart Grid
and Smart Community
 Concrete Examples
 What we have learned

10. 10
Single Renewable Energy
Grid-connection Technology
Development Project
（FY1986- ）
Demonstrative Project on Grid-
interconnection of Clustered
Photovoltaic Power Generation
Systems (FY2002-FY2007)
RE Stabilization / Grid-connection
Demonstrative Project on Regional Power Grids with
Various New Energies (FY2003-FY2007)
Microgrids
Wind Power Stabilization
Technology Development Project
(FY2003-FY2007)
Verification of Grid Stabilization with
Large-scale PV Power Generation
Systems (FY2006-FY2010)
Tomamae Town, Hokkaido
Our Experience
Hokuto City
Kobe City Ota City
(International Project)
(Domestic Project)
Tokoname City
Kyotango City
Hachinohe City Sendai City
New Mexico (USA)
Malaga (Spain)
Grand Lyon (France)
Hawaii (USA)
(Domestic Project)
Smart Community

11. Yokohama City
(Yokohama
City, Toshiba, Panasonic, Meidensh
a, Nissan, Accenture, others)
CO₂ emissions: 30%↓by 2025
(compared with 2004 levels）
Energy management system that
integrates HEMS, BEMS and EVs
PV (27,000 kW)
Use of heat and unused energy
4,000 smart houses, 2,000 EVs
Toyota City
(Toyota City, Toyota Motor, Chubu Electric
Power, Toho Gas, Toshiba, Mitsubishi
Heavy
Industries, Denso, Sharp, Fujitsu, Dream
Incubator, etc.)
CO₂ emissions: Residential 20%↓ and
Transportation 40%↓
Use of heat and unused energy in addition
to electricity
Demand response at more than 70 homes
3,100 EV, V to H and V to G
Kyoto Keihanna District
(Kyoto Prefecture, Kansai Electric Power,
Osaka Gas, Kansai Science City, Kyoto University)
CO₂ emissions: Residential 20%↓ and
Transportation 30%↓(compared with 2005 levels)
Install PV at 1,000 homes, EV car-sharing system
Management of grid connected PV and fuel cells
in houses and buildings (visualization of demand)
Grant “Kyoto eco-points” for green energy usage
Kitakyushu City
(Kitakyushu City, Fuji Electric Systems,
GE, IBM, Nippon Steel)
CO₂ emissions: 50%↓ (compared with 2005 levels)
Real-time management at 70 companies
and 200 houses
Energy management using HEMS and BEMS
Energy system that coordinates demand side
management with overall power system
Leading Demonstration Projects in Japan
11
Note: Led by Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry

12. 12
Agenda
 What is NEDO?
 What is Smart Community?
 Japan’s Experience in Smart Grid
and Smart Community
 Concrete Examples
 What we have learned

13. 13
Pal Town (the view from the south west)
1. A pioneering test-bed project on smart grid
Demonstrative Project on Grid-interconnection of Clustered Photovoltaic Power
Generation Systems (FY2002-FY2007)

14. Pal Town neighborhood of Ota City
Seller: Land Development Corporation of Ota City
Lots for sale: 777
Total size of the area: 40.9 ha
Start of sale: October, 2003
Number of family: 714 (2,300 people)
Number of cooperating family: 553
Total PV capacity: 2,130kW
Average capacity per house: 3.85kW
At the end of the distributed line
Ota City, Gunma Prefecture
86 km north west from Tokyo
Clear weather through the year
Average temperature 14-15 degrees Celsius
Thunderstorm in summer
Strong northwest wind in winter
Layout of the Pal Town
14
1. A pioneering test-bed project on smart grid
Location

15. Power flow of PV1. Lightning strikes
the distribution line2. Electric power company
stops supplying power.
3. PV power continuously
causes reverse power flow as
it is called “islanding operation
of PV power systems”.
Transforming station
for distributing power
～ ― ～ ― ～ ― ～ ―
High-voltage loads
such as
factories, supermark
ets, etc.
Low-voltage
loads such as
houses
 The failure continues because of islanding operation of PV power systems.
 Therefore, the PV systems must stop generating power as soon as the
company stops.
Figure 5. Conceptual Diagram
Time of detecting
Failure
Normal
Stop power
supply
Stop PV power
generation
Repair the
failure
Isolation
operation
Figure 6. Time flow
1. A pioneering test-bed project on smart grid
15
More prompt detection of islanding operation - PCS

16. House Load
Distribution Grid
Voltage Rise
Suppressor
Unit
Battery
Solar Cells
(commercial)
－
～
1 2
～
－1. Timing of charge:
Daytime (light load)
When suppressing
rise of voltage
When charging for
maintenance
2. Timing of discharge:
Nighttime (peak load)
Notes) No charge with
commercial electricity
Power Conditioner
(commercial)
Figure 7. Conceptual Diagram
 Storage battery were connected to solar cells in order to avoid
suppression of PV power output while the supply voltage keeping within
101±6V in 100V.
16
PCS(developed)
1. A pioneering test-bed project on smart grid
Introduction of voltage rise suppressor unit

17. 17
1. It is important to keep communication with the residents for
community-oriented demonstration project.
2. It is effective to show concrete activities of the staffs to the
residents in order to obtain their understanding.
A temporary office with staffs
 Staffs stayed there in every daytime.
 Staffs walked around to check equipments installed at each house
periodically.
Common rules between the residents and the project organizer
 (example) Staffs wore uniform when attending visitors.
Ideas for obtaining the full understanding of the residents to the project:
These actions contributed to close communication with the residents.
1. A pioneering test-bed project on smart grid
Actions for getting people involved (1)

18. Commercial PCS
Boxes with apparatus
18
Staff attending visitors
Meter for grid-connection
1. A pioneering test-bed project on smart grid
Actions for getting people involved (2)
Meter on pole
Boxes outside house
Show them all .

19. 19
What we have Learned
Importance of Involvement of
residents, especially children
Importance of Involvement of local government
From Ota city case
People keep living in the Pal town under the protection of privacy

20. 2. A pioneering Microgrid Demonstration Project
20The campus of Tohoku Fukushi University in Sendai City
Sendai Microgrid
Experimental Study of Multi Power Quality Supply System (Sendai Microgrid)
(FY2004-FY2008)

21. 21
2. A pioneering Microgrid Demonstration Project
Sendai City
Kyoto
Tokyo
Power Converters /
Batteries
PV Panels
Gas Generators
Fuel Cells
System Configuration (1)

22. 2. A pioneering Microgrid Demonstration Project
22
App. 0.5 km (0.3 mile)
High School
Water Plant Facility
Connecting Point
with Utility Grid
Cable Routes
Buildings
N
University
Zone
City-owned
Zone
Energy Center
Hospital
Research Center
Nursing Care Facilities
Dormitories
Laboratory
Dormitories
C-Class* B1/B3/Normal Class
A-Class
Normal Class
Normal class
A-Class
B2-Class*
B2-Class*
Note) B2-Class supply was stopped after the demonstration project.
C-Class supply was added, when the hospital was newly built.
Supply Area
DC Power

23. 2. A pioneering Microgrid Demonstration Project
Use of groundwater
Thermal energy goes to the each facility
Modified System
PV Array
Soundproof wall
modified
modified

24. C
Class
(AC)
B1
Class
(AC)
A
Class
(AC)
DC
Power
200kVA
350 kW350 kW200 kW
400 Vdc
B3
Class
(AC)
Load
Normal
Quality
GasG GasG PV
200 Vdc
SW
gear
* Dynamic Voltage Restorer
LoadLoad
700 kW 130 kW Hospital
DVR*
#2
Point of Common
Coupling
50 kW
PAFC
IPS Integrated
Power Supply
Load Load Load
18 kW 180 kW 20 kW
6.6 kVac Bus
24
2. A pioneering Microgrid Demonstration Project
Supply various classes of power quality within a microgrid
System Configuration (2)
Higher quality

25. 25
Table: Relationship between the power and the load (user)
2. A pioneering Microgrid Demonstration Project
class power Load (user)
A 180 kW Research Center (MRIs), Laboratory (servers)
B1 18 kW Nursing Care Facilities (lighting, PCs)
C 170 kW Newly-built Hospital（Emergency Power）
B2* 420kW High school, water plant facility
B3 130 kW Nursing Care Facilities (lighting, clinic equipment)
DC 20 kW Energy Center (servers, lighting, fans)
Normal N/A Nursing Care Facilities, Training Center, Dormitories
Multi Power Quality
Note) B2-Class supply was stopped after the demonstration project.
C-Class supply was added, when the hospital was newly built.

26. Requirements
Power Quality Class Category
DC Power
AC Power
A B1 B3 C
Interruption NI NI < 15 ms < 15 ms < 15 ms
Voltage Dip Y Y Y Y -
Outage Y Y Y* - Y*
Voltage Fluctuations Y Y - - -
Voltage Harmonics Y Y - - -
Voltage Unbalance N/A Y - - -
Frequency Variation N/A Y - - -
2. A pioneering Microgrid Demonstration Project
26
Key: NI = No Interruption; Y = With compensation; - = Without compensation
Requirements for Power Quality Classes

27. March 11, 2012
2. A pioneering Microgrid Demonstration Project
The Great East Japan Earthquake
Sendai City

28. 2. A pioneering Microgrid Demonstration Project
28
Volume of power
supply interruption
Approx. 7,900,000kW
(Approx. 60% of loads suffered from the power outage.)
Maximum number of
households losing
power
Approx. 4,660,000 households
Blackout area
 All areas of Aomori, Iwate and Akita prefectures
 Almost all areas of Miyagi and Yamagata prefectures
 Parts of Fukushima prefectures
Power restoration*
 Approx. 80%* of the power restored within 3 days after
the occurrence of the outage
 Approx. 94%* of the power restored within 8 days after
the occurrence of the outage
 At 11:03 on June 18, power was fully restored.
* In all areas where recovery work on physical infrastructure was possible.
Source: Central Disaster Management Council
Blackout in Tohoku Area after the earthquake
Grid Interruption

29. Date
in 2011
March 11 March 12 March 13 March 14
Utility Grid
Gas Engine
DC Supply
A Quality
B1 Quality
B3 Quality
C Quality
PV
Grid Connection
Grid Connection
Grid Connection
Grid Connection
▼14:47 Voltage collapse Grid Outage
Outage
▼8:16 Grid Recover
Stop Islanding operation
Supply from Gas Engine
Supply from Gas Engine
Supply from Gas EngineOutage
Outage
Outage
▼Disconnect ▼Around 12:00
▼Around 14:00 Dispatch Start (because of customer’s wish)
▼02:05 Stopped manually
Supply from Battery Supply from Gas Engine
Battery
Battery
Grid Connection
Grid Connection
Grid Connection
Grid Connection
2. A pioneering Microgrid Demonstration Project
Supply from Gas EngineOutage
29
Grid ConnectionGrid Connection
Grid Connection
Grid Connection
Grid Connection
Grid Connection
Operation when/after the earthquake

30. 30
Agenda
 What is NEDO?
 What is Smart Community?
 Japan’s Experience in Smart Grid
and Smart Community
 Concrete Examples
 What we have learned

31. 31
What we have Learned
 Importance of microgrids in times of disaster
Importance of a diversity of power sources
Importance of backup equipment
Importance of comprehensive operations and
training
From Sendai city case