Parallel session: IPv6
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Chair: Tim Chown, network development manager, Jisc. IPv6 is now becoming mainstream for UK Internet users. By the time Networkshop45 takes place, it is expected that over 30% of UK residential users will have access to IPv6. It is therefore becoming important that higher and further education sites keep pace with commercial deployment. With that in mind, in this session we look at IPv6 deployment at Imperial College London, which is the largest example in the UK and includes up to 40Gbit/s of CERN Large Hadron Collider data, we review various perspectives of measuring IPv6 deployment activity on the Janet network, and we explore the options for IPv6 address planning for campus sites. Running order of talks: 11:30-11:45 - Imperial College IPv6 deployment Speaker: Phil Mayers, Imperial College London. 11:45-12:15 - IPv6 deployment around the world Speaker: Mat Ford, Internet Society (ISOC). 12:15-12:45 - IPv6 address planning Speakers: Emma Cardinal-Richards, UCL George Margaritis, University of Reading
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Parallel session: IPv6
- 1. Parallel session I: IPv6 Chair:Tim Chown
- 2. Please switch your mobile phones to silent 19:30 No fire alarms scheduled. In the event of an alarm, please follow directions of NCC staff Dinner (now full) Entrance via Goldsmith Street 16:30 - 17:30 Birds of a feather sessions 15:20 - 16:00 Lightning talks
- 3. Imperial College IPv6 deployment Phil Mayers, Imperial College London
- 36. jisc.ac.uk Phil Mayers, Imperial College London
- 37. IPv6 deployment around the world Mat Ford, ISOC
- 38. Internet Society © 1992–2016 World IPv6 Launch and beyond IPv6 Deployment Around the World Mat Ford Technology Program Manager ford@isoc.org 12th April 2017 Presentation title – Client name 38
- 39. Founded in 1992 by pioneers of the early Internet, the Internet Society drives technologies that keep it open and safe. We promote policies that empower people to enable universal access for all. We stand for a better Internet. 2
- 40. The Internet Society at Work 40 Provides leadership in policy issues Advocates open Internet standards Promotes Internet technologies that matter Develops Internet infrastructure Undertakes outreach that changes lives Recognizes industry leaders
- 41. Our Priorities Trust Without trust, the Internet cannot deliver its potential benefit to the entire world. Users must view the Internet as a safe and reliable means to communicate, and be willing to use online services for commerce, government, and social interaction. Access We believe Internet access is a key enabler for economic, social, and human development. But only half the world is connected and the rate of Internet access growth is decreasing. Issues such as trust in the Internet have joined cost and availability as barriers to access. 41 Restoring trust and connecting the unconnected are key to realizing an Internet of opportunity for everyone.
- 42. Global Presence 42 Our global community of members and Chapters span over 230 countries, territories, and areas of geographic interest world-wide. NORTH AMERICA LATIN AMERICA/CARIBBEAN EUROPE AFRICA MIDDLE EAST ASIA
- 43. IETF 43 The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is the premiere Internet standards organization. The mission of the IETF is to make the Internet work better by producing high quality, relevant technical documents that influence the way people design, use, and manage the Internet. The Internet Society is the organizational home of the IETF.
- 44. Membership is Vital +90,000 people working for an Internet that brings opportunity, hope and human development Our members come together from every continent and walk of life to support our mission and the hope of a better future. Members benefit from: • Open, collaborative discussions • Special events and consultations • Learning and personal development • Information about issues they care about • Networking and interacting with peers 8 © 2016 Nyani Quarmyne / Internet Society CC BY-NC-SA
- 45. Our Partners 45 The Internet Society cannot achieve its goals alone. Because the Internet impacts all of us, we work with partners of all shapes and sizes to address the wide range of social, economic, and policy issues. Our partners include: • International bodies and assemblies • Local non-governmental organizations • Technical experts and engineers • University and academic institutions • Local and global businesses • Rural or urban students and teachers
- 46. IPv6 Deployment IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 46
- 47. IPv6 Deployment Around the World • Web content • Network operators from the outside • Network operators from the inside • Per country and global perspectives • DNS • Comparative performance • Predicting the future • Focus on Janet IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 47
- 48. Measuring IPv6 Measuring Web content IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 48 Measuring IPv6 adoption. By: Jakub Czyz, Mark Allman, Jing Zhang, Scott Iekel-Johnson, Eric Osterweil, Michael Bailey. Appears in: CCR August 2014.
- 49. Measuring IPv6 Measuring Web content IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 49
- 50. Measuring IPv6 Measuring network operators from the outside – Akamai IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 50
- 51. Measuring IPv6 Measuring network operators from the outside – Akamai IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 51
- 52. Measuring IPv6 Measuring network operators from the outside – Akamai IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 52
- 53. Measuring IPv6 Measuring network operators from the outside – Akamai IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 53
- 54. Measuring IPv6 Measuring network operators from the outside – APNIC IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 54
- 55. Measuring IPv6 Measuring network operators from the outside – World IPv6 Launch IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 55
- 56. Measuring IPv6 Measuring network operators from the outside – World IPv6 Launch IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 56
- 57. Measuring IPv6 • Martin Gysi of Swisscom wrote for us in 2014 • At that time, 35% of subscribers were IPv6-capable • 8.5% of peak traffic was IPv6 • Presentation on IPv6 deployment at Swisscom in mid-2015 • 67% of subs dual-stacked • >20% of traffic was IPv6 • 31% of IPv6 user’s traffic was IPv6 (mostly Google) • Sky: (Oct 2016) 25%-35% of dual-stack subscriber traffic is IPv6 • EE: 50%+ of dual-stack mobile subscriber traffic is IPv6 Measuring network operators from the inside IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 57
- 58. Measuring IPv6 Measuring countries – Google IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 58
- 59. Measuring IPv6 Measuring countries – Google IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 59
- 60. Measuring IPv6 Measuring countries – Akamai IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 60
- 61. Measuring IPv6 Measuring countries – Akamai IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 61
- 62. Measuring IPv6 Measuring countries – APNIC IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 62 Global IPv6 deployment, as measured by the relative capability to use IPv6
- 63. Measuring IPv6 Measuring countries – APNIC IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 63 Use of IPv6 worldwide http://stats.labs.apnic.net/ipv6/XA
- 64. Measuring IPv6 Measuring countries – methodologies compared IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 64
- 65. Measuring IPv6 • Around one third of the Internet’s user population invoke DNS resolvers that are capable of using IPv6 to resolve a DNS name • Half of those users are invoking Google, AT&T and Comcast • “The DNS is well on the path of transition and perhaps further along this path than all the other elements of the Internet’s infrastructure.” (https://labs.ripe.net/Members/gih/ipv6-and-the-dns) • As of October 2016, all DNS root servers are IPv6-enabled Measuring the DNS IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 65 Geoff Huston, APNIC
- 66. Measuring IPv6 Measuring the DNS – h.root-servers.net IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 66
- 67. Measuring IPv6 • Facebook have described controlled A/B tests that show IPv6 to be 15% faster on average for devices on mobile networks in the US, with some devices showing even better results. • Measurements using Akamai’s RUM system have also shown measurable performance improvements for IPv6 connections from US mobile networks. • At the last UK IPv6 Council meeting, Sky presented measurements that show on average a slight performance benefit for IPv6 over IPv4. Measuring performance IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 67 https://blogs.akamai.com/2016/10/ipv6-at-edge-2016.html
- 68. Measuring IPv6 Projecting the future – when will IPv6 overtake IPv4? IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 68 Scott Hogg, Infoblox Martin Gysi, Swisscom
- 69. Measuring IPv6 Another vantage point – AMS-IX IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 69
- 70. Janet World IPv6 Launch Measurements IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 70
- 71. Janet IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 71 APNIC’s view
- 72. Janet Akamai’s view IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 72
- 73. Janet IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 73
- 74. IPv6 in UK Higher Education IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 74 https://www.vyncke.org/ipv6status/detailed.php?country=gb&type=Edu
- 75. Checking individual institutions reading.ac.uk IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 75 https://ip6.nl/#!reading.ac.uk www.mythic-beasts.com/ipv6/health-check?domain=reading.ac.uk
- 76. Measuring IPv6 • IPv6 is real, deployments not everywhere, but in a lot of networks and countries now • IPv6 DNS is very real • Centralisation of hosting/DNS is helping speed up deployment in some cases • Web content is growing slowly -> needs to be much more pervasive • When deployments happen, they can happen fast • IPv6 is dominant protocol in some cases • IPv6 is faster in some cases • Interconnection and/or deployment quality is problematic in some cases • Different vantage points and methodologies yield different results • IPv6 will be dominant protocol for many (more) operators in 2 – 3 years • Lots of work still to do for many UK higher ed institutions Conclusions IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 76
- 77. Sources World IPv6 Launch: http://www.worldipv6launch.org/measurements/ Akamai: https://www.akamai.com/uk/en/our-thinking/state-of-the-internet-report/state-of-the-internet-ipv6-adoption-visualization.jsp APNIC: http://stats.labs.apnic.net/ipv6/ + http://stats.labs.apnic.net/v6perf Google: https://www.google.com/intl/en/ipv6/statistics.html Eric Vyncke: http://www.vyncke.org/ipv6status/ IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 77
- 78. Visit us at www.internetsociety.org Follow us @internetsociety Galerie Jean-Malbuisson 15, CH-1204 Geneva, Switzerland. +41 22 807 1444 1775 Wiehle Avenue, Suite 201, Reston, VA 20190-5108 USA. +1 703 439 2120 Thank you. Matthew Ford Technology Program Manager ford@isoc.org IPv6 Deployment Around the World – Networkshop45 78
- 80. IPv6 address planning Emma Cardinal-Richards, Network architect, University College London
- 81. About UCL »Approximately 38,000 students and 11,000 staff »Main campus in Bloomsbury »Satellite sites across London and beyond »Sponsored Connections e.g. British Museum, National Gallery, AlanTuring Institute 12/04/2017 IPv6 address planning
- 82. Our IPv6 Address Allocation Strategy »JANET offer /48 from 2001:630::/32 »Alignment with IPv4 »Routing options limited »Renumbering »Size of allocation »Full control 12/04/2017 IPv6 address planning IPv6
- 83. RIPE allocation »Application for LIR status »Allocation /32 »Reserved /29 »Now we have it…. What do we do with it? 12/04/2017 IPv6 address planning
- 84. Addressing Scheme Questions »Link to IPv4 structure? »By type? »By location? »Both? 12/04/2017 IPv6 address planning
- 85. Principles »Stay within a single /32 »Allocation - day one »Reservation – expansion »Automated »Compressed notation 12/04/2017 IPv6 Address Planning
- 86. Types »Information Services Division › Infrastructure (Network) › Data Centres › Wireless Clients »Departments › On request 12/04/2017 IPv6 Address Planning »Locations › Building Infrastructure › Client services »Sponsored Connections
- 87. IPv6 Strategies »Last year somewhere on a mountain…. › Packet Pushers › SURFnet – Preparing an IPv6 Addressing Plan › RIPE IPv6 Info Centre 12/04/2017 IPv6 Address Planning
- 88. Considerations 12/04/2017 IPv6 Address Planning Route Summarisation IPAMSupported all the way through? Client Addressing DNS ICMPv6 Security
- 89. In conclusion… »Don’t ignore it just because you think you’re IPv4 rich! »Testing environment »Procurement »UCL IPv6 Working Group 12/04/2017 IPv6 Address Planning
- 90. jisc.ac.uk Contact Emma Cardinal-Richards UCL e.cardinal-richards@ucl.ac.uk 12/04/2017 IPv6 Address Planning
- 91. IPv6 Address Plan University of Reading George Margaritis Network &Telephony Service Manager
- 92. UoR IPv6 state 12/04/2017 IPv6 Addressing Plans IPv4 IPv6 Network Infrastructure (Routing, Firewalls) Core Services DNS andWebsite (IPv6 day) IPv6 Only Data Centre DHCPv6 More Services (corp. apps etc) SLAAC with RDNSS (Wireless)
- 93. UoR IPv6 state »University of Reading addressing: –UK: 2001:630:53::/48 –Malaysia: 2001:df0:2bf::/48 –Unique Local Addresses (ULA) forVPN links –e.g. fd0c:8da8:1839::/126 –Addressing based onVLAN IDs 12/04/2017 IPv6 Addressing Plans
- 94. Considerations »Recommended smallest prefix is /64 »Being ‘mathematically’ correct –Avoid: 134.225.204.0/24 2001:630:53:204::/64 (204 hex = 516 decimal !) »Have a logical link to the routing topology (OSPF areas, BGP private AS etc) »Have a logical link to the IPv4 subnetting scheme 12/04/2017 IPv6 Addressing Plans
- 95. Considerations Use Case: »Network with 1-16 different sites/campuses/areas »UniqueVLAN-IDs within each area »One-to-One matchingVLAN-ID to Subnet »Not convenient if the sameVLAN-ID is used for many different subnets in the same area. 12/04/2017 IPv6 Addressing Plans
- 96. Subnet allocation »2001:630:53: y x x x ::/64 0000 0000 0000 0000 Site VLAN » y: Site / Campus /Area number/Zone: 0 – 15 –IPv6 route summarisation per site with /52 –IfVLAN-IDs are reused in different parts of the network. » x:The same asVLAN-IDs: 0-4095 12/04/2017 IPv6 Addressing Plans
- 97. Subnet allocation 12/04/2017 IPv6 Addressing Plans »The site identifier y can also be used in various ways › For 1 to 16 different sites/campuses/areas – Main Site (0-3), • 0: Campus • 1: Guest • 2: DMZ • 3: Other – Site 1 (4-7), – Site 2 (8-9) – Site 3 (a-b) – Data Centre (c-f)
- 98. Subnet allocation »Public IPs (campus network) › Main campusVLAN 100 2001:630:53:64::/64 • IPv4 Subnet: 134.225.100.0/23 › Remote site 1,VLAN 803 2001:630:53:1323::/64 »Private IPs › Main siteVLAN 2932 2001:630:53:b74::/64 • IPv4 Subnet: 10.30.32.0/22 › Remote site 11,VLAN 2932 2001:630:53:bb74::/64 • IPv4 Subnet: 10.128.32.0/22 12/04/2017 IPv6 Addressing Plans
- 99. Host addresses 12/04/2017 IPv6 Addressing Plans »Servers have static IPs with per-service prefixes – 2001:db8:abc:123::<svc>:<inst>:<id>
- 100. Host addresses 12/04/2017 IPv6 Addressing Plans › Web Servers –2001:630:53:1:0:80:1:1/64 –2001:df0:2bf:1:0:80:1:2/64 › SMTP Servers –2001:630:53:1:0:25:1:1/64 –2001:df0:2bf:1:0:25:1:2/64 › SQL Servers –2001:630:53:1::1433:1/64 –2001:df0:2bf:1::1433:1/64
- 101. IPv6Tools »Must have: › IPAM › Documentation › An easy-to-use tool to support engineers: • UoR IPv6 calculator built by Dr. A. J. Gatward (Jan 2011) 12/04/2017 IPv6 Addressing Plans
- 102. IPv6 Risks »Dual Stack › Servers not configured for IPv6 (while advertised on DNS as having IPv6) › Services not configured for IPv6 › Missing IPv6 firewall policies »Solutions with no IPv6 support › Hardware/firmware limitations (older equipment; BMS) › Some newer applications too! 12/04/2017 IPv6 Addressing Plans
- 103. Thank you 12/04/2017 IPv6 Addressing Plans
Editor's Notes
- The Internet Society was founded by some of the Internet's earliest pioneers to help drive the Internet's development around the world. It is also the organizational home of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Working through a global community of chapters and members bound by a common purpose, the Internet Society coordinates across a broad range of different groups to promote the technologies that keep the Internet safe and secure, advocate for policies that enable universal access and champion an open Internet at all. The Internet Society believes that an Internet of opportunity should be available to everyone, everywhere and it is the Internet Society's mission to make that vision a reality.
- The Internet Society: Encourages open development of standards, protocols, administration. Enables economic growth in developing countries through education and training Fosters participation and develops new leaders in areas important to the evolution of the Internet. Provides reliable information about the Internet. Leads and facilitates discussion of issues that affect Internet evolution and developments.
- If you’re not already a member – you can join today – it’s free! Isoc.org -> Get Involved -> Become a Member -> Join our Community (https://portal.isoc.org/partner/signup) This is Your Internet…Join It. Your membership to the Internet Society gives you a powerful voice. As a grassroots organization, the Internet Society works hand-in-hand with its members to build a world that supports everyone’s right to share knowledge, innovate, and be heard. [NOTES FOR INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS] By becoming a member you will: Have your voice heard in critical policy debates that are shaping the future of an open Internet Have access to technical training and expertise Apply for grants and fellowships that could help you make your community, city, or country a better place Take part in or support projects and education in emerging economies Get the latest information that will help empower you to protect your online privacy and identity Become part of a powerful community that is working to make the world better [NOTES FOR ORGANIZATIONL MEMBERS] NEED TO UPDATE AND ADD [NOTES FOR CHAPTER MEMBERS] NEED TO UPDATE AND ADD By working together we believe change is not only possible, it can happen now. Take Action – Join the Internet Society today!
- The Internet Society works globally, across the broad range of policy, technology, and development, which allows it to bring unique perspectives and insight about how to address some of the significant issues facing the Internet today.
- Impact of World IPv6 Day, and World IPv6 Launch clearly visible in this research paper from 2014.
- Alexa Top 1k now over 24% IPv6 reachable. 20% of Alexa top 25k, ~14% of Alexa top 1M Centralisation of web content on relatively small numbers of very large hosting providers (e.g. Cloudflare) is helping to get IPv6 deployed. Popular sites using IPv6 now include: Google, Facebook, YouTube, Netflix, Wikipedia, Instagram, LinkedIn
- Source: https://www.akamai.com/uk/en/our-thinking/state-of-the-internet-report/state-of-the-internet-ipv6-adoption-visualization.jsp
- Source: https://www.akamai.com/uk/en/our-thinking/state-of-the-internet-report/state-of-the-internet-ipv6-adoption-visualization.jsp
- Source: https://www.akamai.com/uk/en/our-thinking/state-of-the-internet-report/state-of-the-internet-ipv6-adoption-visualization.jsp
- Notes on network operator measurements We present measurements of network operator participants in World IPv6 Launch, based on data received from major website participants, as described in more detail below. We present a simple average of the data received, and list all networks with measurements from at least two sources, with a simple average above 0.1%. The network operator participants list includes some networks that measured above the threshold leading up to June 6th 2012, but for which we have insufficient measurement data to list here. Akamai: We are reporting adoption rates based on the percentage of IPv6 requests we receive to a selection of dual-stacked properties on Akamai's content, site, and application delivery platform. The hundreds of billions of IPv4 and IPv6 requests analyzed across a 24-hour window represent traffic to a diverse set of customer sites across various industries, geographies, and user populations. Facebook: On June 6th, we examined page loads from randomly selected users. For each user we are able to test if they are using IPv6 to communicate with Facebook. We also know which ISP (World IPv6 Launch participant) they are using at their location. After collecting all data for June 6th, we calculated the percent of unique IPv6 users out of total unique users we saw from each ISP. Many millions of page loads were in our 24-hour data capture for these statistics. Google: We measure IPv6 adoption among Google users by adding measurement JavaScript to a random sample of visits to various Google properties. The methodology is similar to that described in our paper, Evaluating IPv6 adoption in the Internet. The JavaScript uses HTTP to fetch a URL from an IPv4-only hostname and a URL from a dual-stack hostname, in random order, and then reports the results. The measurement is attributed to the ASN that originates the user's IPv4 address. Measurement endpoints use the same infrastructure that serve regular Google traffic. LinkedIn: Our adoption numbers are based on the percentage of page view requests made by LinkedIn members over IPv6 connections for select Autonomous System numbers. We measure this by adding JavaScript to select LinkedIn pages and the data represents our global member base. Yahoo!: We are reporting adoption rates based on the percentage of IPv6 requests we receive on our Content Distribution Network (CDN). Yahoo!'s CDN is responsible for serving images, JavaScript, and other static images on behalf of most Yahoo! products world wide. This provides a view across diverse markets and interest groups.
- AS 3651 - Sprint AS 20057 – AT&T Wireless AS 21928 – T-Mobile USA AS 22394, 6167 - VZW
- Sky – between 25% and 35% of dual-stack subscriber traffic is IPv6 (Oct 2016) EE – 50%+ of mobile subscriber traffic is IPv6
- Peaks are weekends – suggests there’s a lot more residential IPv6 than enterprise IPv6.
- UK slipped from #10 to #12 in the six months since I last presented on this topic. 50 countries on Akamai’s list with 1.0% or more IPv6 deployment. So it’s not everywhere, but it’s in a lot of places and growing fast (see India).
- This measurement is indicating that the estimate of the proportion of the Internet’s user population that can retrieve web object across IPv6 is some 12% of the total user base. In other words, if you hosted a web site and made it accessible only using IPv6, then some 12% of the total user population would be able to access the service, in the hypothetical situation where everyone on the Internet decided to access this IPv6 web object.
- APNIC numbers high, Akamai low, Google somewhere in the middle
- IPv6 query rate is around a ¼ of IPv4 query rate. Less than 2% of DNS TLDs don’t have IPv6-capable name servers.
- Two different views of when IPv6 will overtake IPv4 as the dominant IP on the Internet, Scott Hogg of Infoblox on the left, Martin Gysi from Swisscom on the right. In some cases, IPv6 is already the dominant protocol: Over 58% of requests to Akamai-hosted dual stacked sites from US mobile users now show up over IPv6, with this growing at an accelerated pace since the iOS 10 launch.
- This is the breakdown of AMS-IX traffic by ethertype – IPv6 peaks at 1.8% of total traffic.
- Somewhere around 4% but some measurement methodology artefacts are clearly visible. Hasn’t moved much, if at all in the last ~5 years
- APNIC’s view
- Peaks around 4%, troughs around 3% Peaks are at weekends: people watch more cat videos at the weekend
- JISC offer /48 from their /32 Our IPv4 space is PI Only JANET could route our first IPv6 allocation Could legitimately ask us to renumber – even our linknets Wasn’t ungenerous but when we looked at allocating.. Wanted control of our IP destiny!
- obtain legal and financial documentation Plan for assignments within the next 2 years seeded with Janet through the creation of a route object
- IPv4 not logically assigned – distributed in chunks – don’t replicate the mistakes of before. Location – optimised routing tables Type – less optimised but routers handle this. Security policy easier.
- /32 initially More rather than less Next block always reserved for every allocation. Too many 000000s Scripted (using sipcalc)
- Each is a /40 assigned, /35 reserved ISD - /48s assigned, /44 reserved (16 subnets) – first /48 for networks, first /64 for loopbacks Depts - /48s assigned, /47s reserved (128 subnets) Locations /56 assigned, /52 reserved (4096 subnets) Sponsored /48s assigned, /47 reserved (128 subnets)
- Not a recommended method of focussing your efforts but did give me time to think about what we could and should do…………….
- Route sum – hierarchical allocation to reduce size of core routing updates, security policies DNS – QUAD A support not there in old OS e.g. Win 2003, happy eyeballs flip to v4 in v6 not there. Reverse DNS – dynamic/wildcard Supported- IPv6 part of all tenders for new equipment/services – DC principle – ipv6 ready. – MBGP – network monitoring tools? IPAM – can’t use excel or worse… DHCP- Android issue –dhcpv6 management a bit more work, SLAAC security concerns - improve network access controls ICMPv6 – not just ping, don’t match your ACLs in v4 land… Neighbour Discovery protocol Security – dhcpv6, allocate randomly to avoid sequences to aid address scanning. Embedding ipv4 in address would help this too. You have IPv6 already (self assigned). RA filtering, secure ND IPSEC, tunnelling protocols, multicast blocks, DHCPv6 using link-local addresses IoT
- Client growth in wireless (hitting over 30k), IoT Engineering environment (mini datacentre) All new purchases Create roadmap, identify legacy apps/inf Develop principles and goals e.g.. Dual stack for external, datacentre Involve interested departments – e.g EE