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History of Lloyds Coffee House (Mid 18th Century) | Expos presentation 2018
- 1. Lloyds coffee house SOCIAL POWER: COFFEE AND COFFEE HOUSES (MID 18TH CENTURY) Jacob Khan, Sever Hall 230, Harvard Yard
- 2. AGENDA London transforming (industrial revolution) Introducing coffee to London Social power Analysis Counter argument of power Questions
- 3. The industrial revolution What is going on in London? Isolated rural farming society Transitional period (consolidation of workforce) Labor
- 4. Introduction of coffee to London Drunk in academic, social structures early 18th century Not welcomed by everyone Didn’t like the smell These institutions were used by businesses Mailing Consulting services News consumption Transition: The proprietors, or masters, as they came to be called, appealed, and , after much legal argument, were allowed to continue in business on condition that they took measures to prevent all scandalous papers, books and libels from being read in their rooms. Hence forth, too they were licensed as victuallers. On the other hand, these establishments were cheap, they were cosy, they had most if not all the amenities of a good tavern. (Straus, 1936, P.43)
- 5. Social power Materialization of ideology Elite Chiefs maintain power Interpersonal Coffee Drinking Communication Rituals “The ritual of getting coffee affects interpersonal communication in three related ways: 1) coffee as a material substance is psychologically and physiologically comforting, 2) the coffee shop is viewed as a pleasing environment that is comfortable and conducive for conversation, and 3) a ritual “script” offers an expected conversational path, a general time limit, and often are relational purpose.” (4) Of Hamburger and social space: Consuming McDonalds in Beijing Social spaces as a place for where social interaction occurs.
- 6. Analysis broad Market share growth pricing model Evidence numbers from “notice to advertisers section” (stamp disclosures) Cutting price to from 2 cents to 1 cent Competitive arrangements with government municipalities Early delivery Elite’s read newspapers at coffee houses (secondary sources)
- 7. Increase personal wealth (dereg) Industry as mentioned earlier In the 1842 issue titled Meeting of merchants and manufacturers in Manchester. The article clearly shows the interested of the elite as it makes a case for “freedom of commerce.” It states that “to put an end to the ruinous depreciation in the value of all invested manufacturing property, and to restore property to all branches of industry in the country — this meeting affirms that it is absolutely necessary to repeal the corn and provision-laws (applause) — and to aboloish all restriction which prevent the perfect freedom of commerce. ( Sunday, November 27, 1842) Businesses are not owned by everyone and equity is not shared in public exchanges They read this at coffee houses (McDonalds analysis) ”comfortable and conducive for conversation” (5)
- 8. Business consulting service Business people used coffee house [consulting example] : Sunday, November 27, 1842 The issue titled Markets has a sub title “corn exchange” “of English wheat there was but little left unsold, and prices remain as on Monday. There is not much doing in foreign, in consequence of the holders not being disposed to take less money; and the millers held off, under the impression that they should purchase at a proportionate reduction with the English [...] There are several cargoes of bonded entered for exportation. Barley is cheapers. Peas and beans are dullsale, and oats are selling at rather less money.” Reads like a Mckinsey report!!!
- 9. Cont. “commercial matters”: “Sugar. — the same inactivity still prevails in British Planation, as noticed for some weeks past, and although no further reduction can be quoted, rather lower prices have been accepted for the inferior sort. The transactions only amount to about 8000 csak, inclusive of 138 casks brought to fine quality, being fully former prices for these descriptions, which are rather scarce.” Bengal— only a very limted business has been done privately, and prices must consquentnly be considered nominal. Foreign — there has been an improved demand (in consequence of the favourable accounts received from Holland), which caused holders to get higher prices, 2,4000 boxes yellow Havannahave been sold privately at 20 66d […]
- 10. Symbolic value of record Elite burial example:Birth’s section “The wife of the Rev. Benjamin Hall Kennedy, D.D, formerly fellow of St. John’s College, Cambridge, Head Master of Shresbury Grammer school of a daughter. Section called “Marriages”: “At thornton, Yorkshire, the rev roger chapman, incumbent of Burton-In-Londsdale, to marry, daughter of James Tathan, Esq of that place. Section called “Death” :“on Sunday last, Mr. Charles Bebbington, aged 43, many years messor. Barry and Hayward, of Queenbrith, universally and deservedly respected.
- 11. Counter arguments Coffee houses could arguably transfer dictatorial power into a few elites having power Cowan “freedom of speech and individual liberty”
- 12. Summary Lloyds coffee house created social power for the elite Industry interest focused on individual wealth (equity markets) Elite shared information among each other to learn about opportunities Symbolize their lives by advertising. They used coffee to bond and create stronger networks Coffee and coffee houses both facilitated the creation of wealth for the elite but arguably also protected “individual freedom and liberty”
- 13. Questions