Federal Funds for School Librarians presents background information and overview of how ESEA and ESSA can fund aspects of quality school library programs

1. FEDERAL FUNDS
FOR SCHOOL LIBRARIANS
Jared Shucha,
Alaska School Library Consultant
jared.shucha@alaska.gov
Photo: Alexandre Duret-Lutz, Creative Commons licensin

2. Disclaimer: The information contained in this document is int
ended
to assist Alaska’s school librarians and their districts in their
efforts tomeet the requirements outlined in the federal legisla
tion known as
the “Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)” and t
he
“Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA). This information doe
s not
Represent legal opinion and is not intended to describe all th
e
Requirements contained in any federal or state law. It does n
ot represent the endorsement of any federal or state agency.

3. I could give an elevator pitch
on what “Title I” is.
I know what is funded
by Title I in my school.

4. EDERAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS:
Why should I care?
Vast majority of school districts in Alaska
receive federal funds.
Although ESSA creates provisions for
improving library programs, there are no
requirements.
Leaders see the big picture.

5. A Brief and Painless History of the Federal
Government in Elementary and Secondary
Education
1787: Constitution is signed,
leaves responsibility of education to the states.
1867: Department of Education created to collect
information on schools and teaching to help states establish
effective school systems.
1965:Elementary and Secondary Education Act
1941 and 1950 Impact Aid laws.
1946: Adds support for HS agricultural, industrial,
and home economics

6. Elementary and Secondary Education Act
Title III—Supplementary Educational Centers and Services
Title I—Financial Assistance To Local Educational Agencies For
The Education Of Children Of Low-Income Families
Title II—School Library Resources, Textbooks, and other Instructional
Materials
Title IV—Educational Research And Training
Title V—Grants To Strengthen State Departments Of Education
Title VI—General Provisions
1965:

7. Elementary and Secondary Education Act
Title VI—Aid to Handicapped Children
1966:
Title VII—General Provisions
Title III—Supplementary Educational Centers and Services
Title I—Financial Assistance To Local Educational Agencies For
The Education Of Children Of Low-Income Families
Title II—School Library Resources, Textbooks, and other Instructional
Materials
Title IV—Educational Research And Training
Title V—Grants To Strengthen State Departments Of Education

8. Elementary and Secondary Education Act
1967:
Title VII—Bilingual Education Programs
—General ProvisionsTitle VIII
Title VI—Aid to Handicapped Children
Title III—Supplementary Educational Centers and Services
Title I—Financial Assistance To Local Educational Agencies For
The Education Of Children Of Low-Income Families
Title II—School Library Resources, Textbooks, and other Instructional
Materials
Title IV—Educational Research And Training
Title V—Grants To Strengthen State Departments Of Education

9. 1973 - Section 504 of Rehabilitation act prohibits discrimination
based on disability
1980 - Department of Ed made cabinet-level
1983 - Federal responsibility for ETS and NAEP
Nation’s Report Card
During 80's and 90's, growing concern that the
American education system was not
internationally competitive…
ESEA was reauthorized every 3 years, resulting
in considerable changes.
In addition…
and the emphasis on performance of certain
groups of students, shifted the focus to student
achievement outcomes, eventually leading to…

10. ESEA Reauthorization—“No Child Left Behind”
2001:
itle I—Improving the Academic Achievement of the Disadvantage
Title V—Promoting Informed Parental Choice and
Innovative Programs
Title IV—21st Century Schools
Title III—Language Instruction for Limited English
Proficient and Immigrant Students
Title II—Preparing, Training, and Recruiting
High Quality Teachers and Principals

11. ESEA Reauthorization—“No Child Left Behind”
2001:
Title VI—Flexibility and Accountability
Title VII—Indian, Native Hawaiian, and Alaska Native Education
Title VIII—Impact Aid Program
Title IX—General Provisions
Title X—Repeals, Redesignations, and Amendments (includes
McKinney-Vento Act on Homelessness)

12. Senator Jack Reed (D-RI) introduces the
Strengthening Kids’ Interest in Learning and Libraries (SKILLS) A
to…
January 29, 2015
A Proud Moment in School Library Legislative
History:
• Define an “effective school library program”
• Specifically include college and career readiness
mission for school libraries under 1-B
• Specifically include librarians in IIA training and
recruitment funding
Referred to committee.
…It was a proud moment.

13. Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)
2015 (to be implemented fully 2017-2018):
Title I—Improving Basic Programs Operated by State
and Local Educational Agencies
Title VI—Indian, Native Hawaiian, and Alaska Native Education
Title V—State Innovation and Local Flexibility
Title IV—21st Century Schools
Title III—Language Instruction for
English Learners and Immigrant Students
Title II—Preparing, Training, and Recruiting
Title VII—Impact Aid
Title VIII—General Provisions
High Quality Teachers, Principals, orOther School Leaders
Title IX —McKinney Vento Act and Other Provisions

14. BIG IDEA
Supplement vs. Supplant

15. Supplement vs. Supplant
Federal Funds can only provide an additional resource
not replace what should be the district’s responsibility

16. Supplement Supplant
‘Sup, Plant?
Both images Wikimedia
“build upon”
“replace”

17. Supplement Supplant
‘Sup, Plant?
Both images Wikimedia
extended learning time
for eligible students
a math teacher position
because district budget
was reduced.
Using federal funds for…

18. Both images Wikimedia
Using federal funds for…
Supplement Supplant
‘Sup, Plant?
laptops:
2014: $4,000 general funds
2015: $4,000 g.f.
2016: $2,000 g.f.
2017: $2,000 g.f. + $2,000 in fed funds
Under ESSA, districts will have flexibility their own definition

19. HE REALLY IMPORTANT STUF
How Can School Libraries Put This to Use?

20. TITLE I—IMPROVING BASIC PROGRAMS OPERATED
BY STATE AND LOCAL EDUCATIONAL AGENCIES
I-A : Formula grant allocated to schools based on percentage o
• Targeted Assistance or Schoolwide.
*as yet to be defined.
Library/Librarian Applications:
• Library books and supplies that support district/school
plan.
• Librarian wages
• Paraprofessional wages.
• Reading book sets
• Under ESSA, authorization (not requirement) to
assist schools in developing effective* school
library programs to provide digital literacy skills
and improve academic achievement.

21. • effective* school library programs
Colorado’s definition:
• Licensed and endorsed librarian with support staff
• Librarian and administration collaborate on school-
aligned growth plan, program assessment, review of
policies.
• Librarian collaborates with principal, staff, and students
on instructional process, creation of assessments, digital
literacy coaching, professional learning network.
• Participate in PD at local, state, and national levels.
• Apply 21st c. skills to instructional planning
• Students are actively involved in the learning process
• Provides safe, inclusive, flexible space and schedule,
and 24/7 access to technology

22. TITLE I—IMPROVING BASIC PROGRAMS OPERATED BY STATE
AND LOCAL EDUCATIONAL AGENCIES
I-C : Education of Migratory Children
Library/Librarian Applications:
• Could fund extended hours or summer programming in
the library.
• Many districts participate in a migrant education book
program. Your expertise in title selection could be
helpful.

23. TITLE I—IMPROVING BASIC PROGRAMS OPERATED BY STATE
AND LOCAL EDUCATIONAL AGENCIES
I-D: Prevention and Intervention Programs for Children and You
Library/Librarian Applications:
• Could fund library salaries and supplies at youth
detention centers, transition schools, etc.

24. TITLE II—PREPARING, TRAINING, AND RECRUITING HIGH-
QUALITY TEACHERS, PRINCIPALS, OR OTHER SCHOOL LEADERS
II-A: Supporting Effective Instruction
Library/Librarian Applications:
• Provides for professional development
• Under ESSA, as “other school leaders,” librarians
are specifically eligible for professional development
to support instructional services provided by
effective school library programs.

25. TITLE II—PREPARING, TRAINING, AND RECRUITING HIGH-
QUALITY TEACHERS, PRINCIPALS, OR OTHER SCHOOL LEADERS
Subpart 2, Sections 2223 And 2224—Literacy Education
For All, Results For The Nation (New program under
ESSA)
II-B: National Activities
Competitive grants to enhance language and literacy
development, and school readiness, coordinated with
comprehensive literacy instruction at Birth-K and K-12
Levels.
Library/Librarian Applications:
 Authorizes School Librarians To Participate In Grant
Activities
 Professional Development
 Develop/Implement Comprehensive Literacy
Instruction Initiatives
 Coordinated Involvement Of Professionals (Literacy
Teams)

26. TITLE II—PREPARING, TRAINING, AND RECRUITING HIGH-
QUALITY TEACHERS, PRINCIPALS, OR OTHER SCHOOL LEADERS
Subpart 2, Sections 2226 – Innovative Approaches
To Literacy (Newly authorized under ESSA)
II-B: National Activities
Competitive grant for improving school library and
other literacy programs in high-need districts.
Library/Librarian Applications:
 Some high-poverty districts will be able to apply for
this grant to”support innovative programs that
promote early literacy for young children, motivate
older children to read, and increase student
achievement by using school libraries as partners
to improve literacy, distributing free books to children
and their families, and offering high-quality literacy
activities.”

27. TITLE III—LANGUAGE INSTRUCTION FOR ENGLISH LEARNERS
AND IMMIGRANT STUDENTS
Or Title I-A English Learner Provisions For Smaller
Districts Without Title III
Library/Librarian Applications:
• May be asked to select and catalog books and
materials that support English Learners

28. http://bit.ly/AlaskaGMS

29. TITLE IV - 21ST CENTURY SCHOOLS
IV-A: Student Support And Academic Enrichment Grants
Library/Librarian Applications:
 Increase access to personalized, rigorous learning
experiences supported by technology through increasing
access to devices and libraries.
 Build capacity for school librarians to attain the
knowledge and skills to use technology effectively,
integrate technology, improve instruction and student
achievement.
 Increase student access and engagement in high-
quality STEM and computer science courses.
Under ESSA: New program included in block grant funding,
based on Title I-A

30. TITLE IV - 21ST CENTURY SCHOOLS
IV-A: Student Support And Academic Enrichment Grants
 Develop/implement UDL and other innovative strategies
for delivery of academic courses
 Making instructional content widely available through
open educational resources.
 Specific support to rural and remote areas to expand
access to high-quality digital learning opportunities.
Under ESSA: New program included in block grant funding,
based on Title I-A
Library/Librarian Applications:

31. TITLE IV - 21ST CENTURY SCHOOLS
IV-B: 21st Century Learning Centers
Competitive subgrant that supports the creation of
community learning centers to provide academic enrichment
opportunities during non-school hours. Programs must:
• help students meet standards in core academic subjects
• offer students a broad array of enrichment activities that
complement their regular academic programs
• offer literacy and other educational services to the families
of participating children.
Library/Librarian Applications:
If school libraries are used as community learning
centers, this could fund extended hours, programs, and
additional supplies.

32. Education Department General Administrative Regulations
Why can’t I weed the 62-copy book set of
of Jonathan Livingston Seagull?
• Schools need to request “disposition instructions” which
could
require purchase records and other documentation.
• It’s possible that funds would need to be returned.
• It’s possible that there would be a request for a sale or
transfer
• i.e., It’s potentially complicated and your administration
may have decided it’s easier to keep them than deal with
the headaches.
Using federal funds for collection development is probably
rare and rightfully so.

33. Education Department General Administrative Regulations
What’s the difference between “supplies” and
“equipment” in my budget?
• Equipment is a single item with a purchase price >$5000
• Possible library equipment examples could be RFID
gates, circulation desk, …well, not much, really.

34. Education Department General Administrative Regulations
• “Time and Effort” Documentation
• Consumables cannot be given
away.
Other “fun” courtesy of EDGAR:

35. Districts must include teachers, community members,
and other stakeholders in Federal Program Planning.
ESEA Planning for 16-17 will be happening soon -
Contact your superintendent and get involved!
HE REALLY IMPORTANT STUF
There is nothing in ESSA that requires school library funding.
It only provides opportunities.
It’s up to you to stay informed, stay involved, and
let your district administration know what you can do for all
students!

36. What’s an action you can take?
When can you take it?

37. HE REALLY IMPORTANT STUF
http://serrc.org/schoollibraries/federal-funds/

38. (Definitions from urbandictionary.com
submitted for health assignment.)
Courtesy of Reddit user HalBriston, used by permiss