Pantheon Rome
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The Pantheon is the oldest building in the world, which is in continue use for about 2000 years. It also highlighted Roman engineering advances.
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Pantheon Rome
- 1. Pantheon, Rome Pantheon It was built in 118-125 AD, nearly 2000 years ago. The poet Shelley called it “The unmeasured dome of Heaven.” A Roman Masterpiece All rights reserved. Rights belong to their respective owners. Available free for non-commercial and personal use. First created. 6 Sep 2010. Version 2.0. 28.3.12. London. Jerry Tse
- 2. Timeline of the Roman world
- 3. Roman world under Hadrian During the reign of Emperor Hadrian (117-138 AD), the Roman Empire stretched all the way from Scotland to the Persian Gulf. All the lands bordering the Mediterranean sea were part of the Roman Empire. During his time the empire was relatively at peace with its neighbouring tribes. The only formidable enemy was the Parthian Empire, in now Iran, on the Eastern frontier.
- 4. Roman constructions Coffered vault The Roman invented concrete which was forgotten after the collapse of the empire. Together with bricks, these were commonly used in construction. The Roman also used arches extensively. Many of its buildings used curves in their construction. The Coliseum and the Pantheon are two well-known Concrete vault examples. Rubble Wall Central heating Arch
- 5. Interior The Roman Pantheon The Pantheon was built as a temple, just outside Rome. On the original building the dome was with sheets of bronze giving it a shinny golden surface. The lower part of the external wall were covered with marbles. It also had a bronze door.
- 6. A marvel of Roman engineering
- 7. Pantheon
- 8. Pantheon - History In 27-25 BC, it was the site used by Agrippa, who wanted to dedicate it to Augustus Caesar, his father-in-law. When Augustus declined the honour, it was dedicated to the major gods (Mars, Venus etc.) It was rectangular in shape. The current building was rebuilt between 118 and 125 AD, during the reign of Hadrian. It the 609 AD the building was transform into a church, dedicated to Santa Maria dei Martyri, after the bones of Christian martyrs were bought here from the catacombs.
- 9. 19C view
- 10. Pantheon – A milestone in the history of Architecture.
- 11. Pantheon – The Approach
- 12. Pantheon – The external brick wall
- 13. map Plaza Navona Pantheon
- 14. Pantheon – The Portico
- 15. Pantheon – A brilliant composition of geometric forms. The main components of the building – the portico, the rotunda and the dome.
- 16. Oculus Method of Construction Buttressing The ceiling is an unreinforced concrete dome resting on a thick Coffers dome Portico circular wall or rotunda. The circular opening at the top of the dome is called the Oculus, providing light and Rotunda ventilation. The Pantheon has a coffered dome. This reduces the material used for Pier, support for span construction and therefore the weight of the ceiling. From the diagram above you can also see the cross-section of the roof get thinner as the dome gets higher. 7 recesses for 7 gods Very light stone called pumice, which float on water, were used as the raw material with the concrete. It further reduce the weight of the dome. Piers Portico
- 18. Pantheon – The concrete ceiling
- 19. The Oculus – only source of light The diameter of the dome is 43.3 meters (142 ft). It remained the largest dome in the world for more than a millennium and is still the world’s largest unreinforced concrete dome. There are 5 rows of coffers, to reduce the weight of the dome, around the ceiling.
- 20. Tomb The statue of St Rasius.
- 21. The bust of Sanzio Raphael, at his grave.
- 22. Raphael, the painter buries here. There is a small black statue of him on the wall marking his grave. Raphael’s tomb
- 23. Pantheon – Seven niches for seven gods.
- 24. Interior Pantheon – The oldest building in the world, still in use today. This is the best preserved building of ancient Rome.
- 25. The main altar
- 26. Altar Pantheon – The high altar
- 27. The ceiling over the main altar
- 28. Pantheon – The high altar
- 29. The tomb of the first king of Italy
- 31. Pantheon – The entrance
- 32. Pantheon – The ceiling of the portico
- 33. Pantheon – The portico
- 34. Pantheon – The side of the portico
- 35. Pantheon – at night
- 38. The End Music - Albinoni’s oboe concerto in C Major, op 9 no 57 - All rights reserved. Rights belong to their respective owners. Available 1st movement. Allegro free for non-commercial and personal use.
Editor's Notes
- Built more than 1800 years ago, the magnificent Pantheon building still stands as a reminder of the great Roman empire. Pantheon With its thick brick walls and large marble columns, the Pantheon makes an immediate impression on visitors. But for its time the most remarkable part of the building is the more than 43 meter high some. It was the largest dome in the world until 1436 when the Florence Cathedral was constructed. At the top of the dome is a large opening, the oculus, which was the only source of light. The front portico has three rows of 8 columns, each one with a diameter of 1.5m. A huge bronze door gives access to the cylindrical building. Its Interior Originally a temple for all pagan gods, the temple was converted into a church in 609. The Pantheon now contains the tombs of the famous artist Raphael and of several Italian Kings. Its ecclasiastic interior design contrast with the temple's structural design, but the marble floor - which features a design consisting of a series of geometric patterns - is still the ancient Roman original.
- The most famous Roman dome, and the largest, is in the Pantheon, a building in Rome originally built as a temple. Dating from the 2nd century, it is an unreinforced concrete dome resting on a thick circular wall, or rotunda. The circular opening at the top of the dome is called the Oculus, and it provides light and ventilation for the interior. The height to the oculus and the diameter of the interior walls are the same, 43.3 meters (142 ft). It remained the largest dome in the world for more than a millennium and is still the world's largest unreinforced concrete dome Wikipedia on Dome.