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Layer by Layer - public version
- 1. Layer by Layer Building a 3d printing service from the ground up Image: Nattawan
- 2. What is 3d Printing? • General overview of technology • Terminology • Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) – process of melting layers together • Slicing – turns digital 3D models (STL) into thin layers • Filament – material used to print (PLA and ABS) • Extruder – draws layers at different “resolutions” 0.1mm – 0.3 mm; like a hot glue gun • Build Plate – printing surface (tip: use painter’s tape) PS - If you like any of our wording, approaches, etc…, please feel free to borrow/copy anything you see.
- 3. Initial Investigations: Environmental Scan • Questions we asked: • What’s available on campus already? • What does the community have to offer? • What are other institutions doing?
- 4. Initial Investigations: User base • Questions: • Who will have access? When? • What does your user base need? • Use these answers to determine the best Service Model • Open • Mediated Photo: Jarret Liotta
- 5. Initial Investigations: Policies • Policies • Right to refuse service – dangerous, harmful material, poorly designed items • To clean or not to clean; quality guarantee • Level of access to printers and referrals • Prioritizing requests – academic versus personal • Modeling Resources – http:// www.library.arizona.edu/servic es/print/3D/about
- 6. Initial Investigations: Policies - copyright Notice concerning copyright and other intellectual property restrictions The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specific conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be "used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research." If a user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excess of "fair use," that user may be liable for copyright infringement. This institution reserves the right to refuse to accept a copying order if, in its judgment, fulfillment of the order would involve violation of copyright or other intellectual property laws. I acknowledge, represent, and warrant as follows: •I have read, understand, and will comply with the notice posted above. •I grant permission to the University of Arizona and its agents to reproduce the photocopy or other reproduction and return them to me, and I have the legal right and authority to grant this permission. •I will use the photocopy or other reproduction only for private study, scholarship, or research. •I will not use them for any commercial purpose or allow any third party to do so.
- 7. IMPLEMENTATION: equipment costs • MakerBot Replicator 2: $2,200 • Glass Build Plate: $275 • Painters Tape: $50 • Filament: $500 • MakerCare Service Plan: $350 Total initial cost: $3,375
- 8. IMPLEMENTATION: Staffing • Staff Support ~0.5 FTE - Job Descriptions : • ~0.25 FTE - 3D Printing training and coordination of issues. Assessment and benchmarking to make recommendations for supply, refresh, changes in technology or policy and procedures; provide software and technology support and training for library staff, part-time student employees and library customers • ~0.1 FTE - 3D printing support. Assists with training of staff, part-time student employees, and customers. Assists with managing procedures. • ~0.1 FTE – 3D printing queue processing • Student Support – added to existing duties
- 9. Process workflows • How will jobs be submitted? • Where will the files be stored? • Who will do the actual printing? • How will we communicate with customers? • What necessary data needs to be collected?
- 11. IMPLEMENTATION: submission form UA’s Form: http://new.library.arizona.edu/visit/print/3D/ request Key Elements: •Contact Info •Delivery Info – date needed, who will pick up •Print Specifications – dimensions, color, infill, resolution •Pre-authorization and agreement •Metrics – what data do you need them to supply? INSERT SS OF SUBMISSION FORM
- 12. IMPLEMENTATION: Training • Initial Training & Learning as we go • Detailed written instructions • Infographics • Hands-on training • FAQs • Frequent email communication Goal: Educate students & staff to make informed decisions
- 13. Review: Metrics • Demographics • Affiliation (Undergraduate, Graduate, Faculty, Staff, Community, etc) • College & Department • Discrete users • Amount saved • Demonstrating value What does this look like?
- 15. Review: User Stories • 3d printing gave us the unique opportunity to work with other departments outside of our standard scope
- 16. A 3d printed brain “I'm a doctoral student who studies language in the brain using functional MRI for people who have had strokes. And of course I've been in the scanner myself to test the paradigms, etc... so, this happens to be a high resolution scan of my own brain, haha.”
- 17. “I don't want to exploit the Library services - I want any further printing of these brains that I do to at least be aligned with the Library goals and if possible actually *benefit* the library and/or future of the printing services, if at all possible. Remember, I'm a PhD student so the health of the library is fundamental to my career, so I'm willing to do anything I can to support you guys with my research/academic activities.”
- 18. Marketing • Digital Signage • Word of Mouth – make them visible! • Slides • Brochures • Website • Events • Social Media – Maker Mondays
- 19. Marketing
- 22. Review: Challenges • Be prepared for anything • Flexibility is necessary • Don’t be afraid to get dirty!
- 24. Next Steps: What is 3d scanning? 3D Scanning is taking a full set of snapshots of an object and stitching them together to create a 3D model. The model can then be used for 3D printing, diagraming, or analysis.
- 25. Questions? Travis S. Teetor tteetor@email.arizona.ed uUA Website: http://www.library.arizona.edu/services/print/3D Jessica Calderwood jcalderwood@email.arizona.e du
Editor's Notes
- Travis/Jessica Thanks for coming! Introduce ourselves.
- Travis There is a lot of text on some of our slides – We promise that we won’t spend our time together reading it to you. We just wanted to share some of the details for you to reference and copy. Education and discovery – months just reading about 3D printing Ikea – 1st Gen vs. 4th Gen Hot Glue Gun FDM, Extruder Homo naledi and T-Rex – rafts, supports, shells, infill (pass around)
- Travis You can learn a lot from others and before we got started, that’s what we did. Starting locally… Campus - You’d probably expect engineering to have a program, but there may be other groups when you start to reach out. Don’t review list too much for AzLA. Engineering – of course; however, we later learned that they only have one printer and they’ve already started sending students to us because they can’t keep up with demand. SBS/SIRLS - School of Information: Science, Technology, and Arts (SISTA) – combining as part of iSchool; design/use of technology Business – McGuire Center in Eller; use for rapid prototyping Architecture – use for creating models (along with laser cutters) Medical – use to print cells; prosthetics School of Theatre, Film, and Television – set pieces, props, costumes (they purchased a MakerBot Z-18) Why the library? Centralized and only certain students access? Local – There may already be resources in your community. In Tucson, we have Xerocraft, which is a maker/hackerspace open to the community; good for referrals. Also CoLab, Maker House (now closed) Benchmarking - carried out in the form of a spreadsheet that compiled information such as Institutions’ 3d printing websites, costs, hours of operations, printer models, customer groups, staffing, and certifications for use.
- Travis – Cut for AzLA Decide on type of service you have set up will drive your policies, staffing, and costs. Mediated? Affiliates versus Community? Special needs? Resolution? Build Size? Material Type? Come to agreement with administration and any other stakeholders.
- Travis Lots of details with any new service. Specifics for 3D… Reject – we’ve turned down a couple of jobs to date: Knife (weapon free zone); prop gun (in black) Cleaning jobs – don’t. Hands-on access to printers – if mediated, where can you send them? Us: Xerocraft and iSpace Prioritizing – based on need and use Modeling – link to resources; in-person help (OSCR)
- Travis DON’T READ THIS!! Collective brain shutdown… Please Borrow and Modify Attorneys at UA; work with yours ALA – better not to mediate; okay if from Thingiverse
- Travis Primary Cost – equipment Printer = MakerBot Replicator 2 – work horse; anti-5th Gen – cheaper models, but probably not as reliable (other okay models, but all in this price point). I would do more market research if I were to purchase today (constantly changing). Glass build plate – less leveling; longer lasting Painter’s Tape – better bonding surface; easier to remove object; protects build plate Other incidentals ($100+): Spatulas, palette knives, tweezers, paintbrushes, cutters, scale We bought a lot of stuff we didn’t need also, like files, sandpaper, various picks, safety equip LIS 559 (Marketing) – if you want to experience planning and costing out a service.
- Travis Staff – about ½ an FTE Oversee the service; backup Queue processing – electronic files; user contact Students – on desk Printing They have other responsibilities - equipment lending/reimaging, troubleshooting and managing access to public computers, but they had downtime and printers are SLOW so they only interact with them periodically. Jessica was appointed the lead of this process and she’ll describe what she’s done.
- Jessica Spent some time getting acquainted with the printers in order to develop a workflow Work with what we already have Storage on Box Web form on the website Students will do the printing Communication thru LibAnswers
- Jessica Brainstorm session
- Jessica Print Specifications Many files (especially from commercial vendors) will open in all sorts of different sizes… Do you want to allow other people to pick up objects Infill/Resolution – we decided to keep this simple for us and used the defaults (.2mm, 10% infill) – this is fairly standard, though we frequently get more specific requests, especially as the number of original submissions grows. These objects are usually very complex and may require specific settings to print. Pre-authorization – after a lot of initial back and forth e-mails, we decided to ask up front about payment and turnaround expectations.
- Jessica Initial training we found focused on how to calibrate the machines & how the printing process worked As the service grew & we learned as we went along, updates went out with both detailed instructions and general overviews Students feedback is important
- Jessica Gathering detailed demographic information allows us to be able to demonstrate value & more easily communicate the goals & accomplishments of the program in easily-digestible formats Leadership can go to departments and speak about the work that we are doing FOR THEM & their students Also lets us know who our audience really is Practically, this looks like….
- Jessica A lot of Excel wrangling & false starts Learning about formulas
- Jessica Other possible examples: Drones and Hack Arizona Phone cases Board Game Pieces – started with Thingiverse and ultimately designed own objects iSTEM – public libraries might be interested in this…
- Jessica
- Jesscia
- Jessica
- Jessica Never underestimate the power of visibility 3d printing desk located next to reference desk Not under glass or removed, students can walk right up and take a look TFOB
- Jessica Working with our social media teams to reach larger audiences & find engaging content Not just taking photos of submissions, but
- Jessica Telling stories Bring 3d printing in libraries to life Something concrete to relate to
- Jessica Going outside of your comfort zone is key – I had no experience with this kind of technology but the only way to learn is to play & fail Don’t be afraid to get your hands dirty – it’s what the Maker movement is all about It’s okay to make changes to your service model if what you have isn’t working Seek out feedback from everyone! Customers, students, leadership, staff, etc. I spend a lot of time asking about what doesn’t work. You’ll find yourself saying “I don’t know, but I’ll investigate that” a lot Everyone you know will send you 3d printing news Your desk will get messy
- Think about ways to use what you have
- Travis Since we don’t all have access to an MRI machine (like our student who scanned his own brain), we decided to purchase portable scanners (Occipital Structure Sensor) so that you can at least scan the outside of your body. Photogrammetry – better than free versions - instant results - considerably faster…
- Travis QR code link goes to UA Library’s 3d printing site A lot of great staff helped make this possible and if you plan to do this, make sure that you get the right people together and give them time to work.