meaning of measurement and evaluation

1. MEANING OF
MEASUREMENT
AND
EVALUATION
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2. Meaning of Measurement
According to Thorndike, anything that exists at all
exists in some quantity ,and anything that exists in
some quantity is capable of being measured.
Measurement is the process of measuring the
individual’s intelligence, personality, attitudes and
values, and anything that can be expressed
quantitatively. Therefore, measurement is limited to
the quantitative description of an attribute; that is, it
represents the objective aspects of evaluation.
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3. Classification of Measurement
1. Classroom measurement
- refers to the set of measurements
made by classroom teachers.
- the purpose of this measurement is to
assess the progress of a particular student or of
the entire class.
- includes teacher-made tests and other
instruments for assessing students’ learning in a
class.
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4. 2. System measurement
- refers to the set of measurement
made by policy-makers either in the local or
national levels
- examples: National Elementary
Achievement Test (NEAT), and National
Secondary Aptitude Test (NSAT) for elementary
and secondary graduating students , respectively
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5. Types of Measurement
1. Criterion –referenced measures
- designed to measure the students’
performance with respect to some particular
criterion or standard
2. Norm-referenced measures
- designed to measure the ability of one
student compared to the abilities of other
students in the same class
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6. Meaning of Evaluation
Evaluation is a continuous process. It
refers to the process of determining the extent
to which instructional objectives are attained. It
involves measurements and assigning
qualitative meaning through value judgments.
It is also a means of determining the
effectiveness of (a) teaching methodologies (b)
instructional materials ,and (c) many others.
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7. Types of Evaluation
Three major types of evaluation
(a) Diagnostic evaluation –conducted before the
instruction. The main purpose of this is to identify
the strengths and weaknesses of students
(b) Formative evaluation – refers to evaluation
conducted during or after instruction; obtain
immediate feedback for both the students and
teachers (e.g. short quiz at the end of the lesson)
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8. (c) Summative evaluation- conducted at the end of
a unit or a specified period of time. The purpose
of this is grading the students at the end of a
broad unit of work usually by grading period,
semester, or course.
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9. Functions of Measurement and
Evaluation
1. Measures student’s achievement
2. Motivates student’s learning
3. Predicts student’s success
4. Diagnoses student’s difficulty
5. Evaluates instruction
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10. Evaluation and the Teaching
Learning Process
Teaching, learning, and evaluation are the three
interdependent aspects of the educative process. The
integration of evaluation into the teaching-learning
process can be seen in the following stages of the
process:
1. Classifying instructional objectives
2. Pre-assessment of students
3. Providing relevant instructional activities
4. Determining the learning outcomes
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11. Principles of Evaluation
The principles that govern the operation of
evaluation process are as follows:
1. Evaluation should be based on clear instructional
objectives.
2. Evaluation procedures and techniques should be
selected in terms of the objectives they serve.
3. Evaluation should be comprehensive.
(should cover wide aspects of student’s growth)
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12. 4. Evaluation should be continuous.
5. Evaluation should be diagnostic and functional.
6. Evaluation should be cooperative endeavor.
(Evaluation should not be the work of one or
few individuals.)
7. Evaluation should be used judiciously.
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