1. Where do you prefer to live & why?
Why do you think people are living in these
places?

2. Housing: How to Provide
Homes for All?
2
What is housing shortage?

3. Define housing shortage
Describe the nature of housing shortage
using photographs and sketches.
Learning objectives

4. 4
‘Housing shortage is present when there is
insufficient housing to accommodate the
population in an area, when the supply of
houses cannot meet the demand.’
(Supply < Demand)

5. Housing shortage
Housing is unaffordable for
those who need it.
Indications of housing
shortage:
1. Presence of homeless
people
2. Slums and squatter
settlements
Housing: How to Provide Homes for All?
5

6.  Lack of regular shelter
 People seeking temporary housing.
What does homelessness means?

7.  People sleep in public areas
 E.g. Streets, under bridges, public parks, homes of relatives and
friends.
Where does homelessness happen?

8. 8
Slums and squatter settlements are
urban areas which are heavily
populated, and the residents have
poor quality housing and poor access
to basic services.

9. Describe the nature of housing shortage
(Threats) (TB P. 66-68)
1.Lack of safe
shelter
2.Insufficient
basic services
Housing: How to Provide Homes for All?
9
Barong-barongs in Manila, Philippines. Slums and
squatter settlements are also known as shanty towns,
or by their local names, like ‘barong-barong’ in the
Philippines, and ‘favela’ in Brazil.

10. Without shelters, people are not protected against
the weather elements and may be exposed to
strong winds and cold winters
Houses in slums and squatter settlements have
weak foundations
Lack of safe shelter (TB P.66)

11. Unstable walls and roofs made of poor
quality materials like zinc and cardboard
Houses collapse easily during natural disaster
(eg: floods, earthquakes)
Lack of safe shelter (TB P.66)

12. Lack of safe shelter (TB P.66)
• Walls and roofs of
houses tend to be
made of poor
quality materials like
zinc and
cardboard.
• Most of these
construction
materials are
flammable and thus
increase the risk of
fires in slums.

13. Lack of safe shelter (TB P.66)
• Weak foundations
and unstable walls
of houses mean
that they are likely
to collapse easily
during natural
disasters, such as
floods and
earthquakes.

14. Lack of safe shelter
Houses are usually built on
unsuitable sites
 E.g.: low-lying area or
steep slopes – areas more
prone to floods and
landslides (TB P.66 Fig 3.5)
Houses in slum are built in
dense and disorderly
manner
Housing: How to Provide Homes for All?
14
Favela Chapéu Mangueira, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

15. Lack of safe shelter (TB P.66)
 There are narrow paths with
limited access for vehicles
 Residents could not
evacuate quickly rescue
efforts are hampered
(especially during
emergencies such as fires
or earthquakes)
Housing: How to Provide Homes for All?
15

16. Narrow
path in
slums,
Mumbai,
India

17. Insufficient basic services (TB P.67)
Lack access to basic services
–Electricity
–Clean water
–Proper sanitation and waste disposal
Housing: How to Provide Homes for All?
17

18. Insufficient basic services (TB P.67)
 Figure 3.6a
 Example: Residents illegally tap
the city’s electricity supply to
get access to electricity
 Rocinha, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Housing: How to Provide Homes for All?
18

19. Insufficient basic services (TB P.67)
Lack of infrastructure
–Power lines
–Water pipes
–Toilets and waste management facilities
Housing: How to Provide Homes for All?
19

20. Insufficient basic services (TB P.67)
Lack of proper
sanitation in Kibera
slum, Nairobi, Kenya
One toilet shared by
1300 residents(TB Fig
3.6b)
Housing: How to Provide Homes for All?
20

21. Insufficient basic services (TB P.67)
Access to water is
inconsistent as water
piped into the slum is
diverted away by
individual residents or
private water
companies(TB Fig 3.6c)
Housing: How to Provide Homes for All?
21

22. Insufficient basic services (TB P.67)
Waste accumulates
in the streets and
rivers as lack of
water disposal
facilities (TB Fig
3.6d)
Housing: How to Provide Homes for All?
22

23. Waste accumulates in river

24. Workbook Activity 3.1
Application- Practice time!

25. A) Complete the table below to contrast the characteristics
of the types of housing shown in Figure 3.1.
Workbook Activity 3.1

26. Workbook Activity 3.1

27.  A) Complete the table below to contrast the
characteristics of the types of housing shown in Figure 3.1.
Workbook Activity 3.1

28.  B) Complete the sketch of Figure 3.2 in the box below.
Provide a suitable title and annotations for your sketch.
Workbook Activity 3.1

30. (C) With reference to your sketch, explain
why the hut is not a safe shelter.
The hut looks flimsy and is made of
flammable materials such as thatch (walls),
canvas(roof), wood (doors).
Workbook Activity 3.1

31. (D) What do the photographs in Figures 3.1 and 3.2
tell you about the housing situation in the areas
shown? Provide evidence to support your answer.
Both Figures 3.1 and 3.2 suggest that there could
be housing shortage in these countries as there is
evidence of a lack of safe shelter and insufficient
basic services.
Workbook Activity 3.1

32. Figure 3.1 shows houses that do not look
very sturdy as they are built on thin stilts
along the riverbanks.
Workbook Activity 3.1, Part D (Figure 3.1)

33. The hut in Figure 3.2 is not safe because it is
flimsy and made of flammable materials.
The hut also does not have sufficient basic
services.
Since it is so small, there is likely to be no toilet or
a kitchen.
There is no evidence of piped water and
electricity.
Workbook Activity 3.1, Part D (Figure 3.2)

35. Define housing shortage
Describe the nature of housing
shortage using photographs and
sketches.
1. Lack of safe shelter
2. Insufficient basic services
Recap