Apparel: Personal outfit, garments or clothing etc including headwear and footwear. Apparel industries: The industries which make ready-to-wear clothing. Visit blog: http://www.merchandisingbangla.com/

2. Introduction to Apparel Industries
Apparel: Personal outfit, garments or clothing etc
including headwear and footwear.
Apparel industries: The industries which make ready-
to-wear clothing.
Apparel manufacturing technology: The processing
steps and techniques involved in the manufacturing
apparels for large scale production on industrial
basis for business purpose is called garments
manufacturing technology.

3. Requirements of apparel
Protection of human body from environment,
weather, enemy, etc.
Identification of human as needed.
Decoration for beauty purpose.
To leads civilized life.
To feel comfort.
To express social status.
To meet one of the basic human need.
To save human body at different work place.

4. Apparel Industries Classification
1) Woven garments factory.
2) Knit garments factory.
3) Sweater factory.
The factory producing garments from woven fabric
is called woven garments factory.
The factory producing garments from knit fabric is
called knit garments factory.
The factory producing sweater is called sweater
factory.

5. Raw Materials of an apparel
industries
Fabric: It may be finished or not. Woven or knit
or woven-knit combination etc.
Accessories: All the raw materials without fabric
is accessories. Like Lining, Interlining, button,
zipper, sewing thread etc.

6. Departments in an apparel industries
1. Production department,
2. Quality department,
3. Store department,
4. Merchandising department,
5. HR department,
6. Compliance department,
7. Purchase department etc.

7. Contribution of Textile & RMG Sector
in Bangladesh Economy
• Composition in Percentage of Total Export:
• Textile: 81.39% (Knit: 39.89% & Woven: 41.50%)
• Specialized Textiles: 0.75%
• Frozen Food: 2.75%
• Jute & Jute goods: 4.9%
• Leather: 2.6%
• Agri- Product: 1.5%
• Chemicals: 0.5%
• Others: 5.6%
• Composition of GDP in Bangladesh:
Total GDP: $122.7 Billion (FY: 2012)
• Service: 53%
• Industry: 28.6%
• Agriculture: 18.4 %

8. 1. Total Export: $26.25 Billion (2012-13 Fiscal Year)
2. RMG Export: $21.52 Billion (2012-13 Fiscal year)
Composition of RMG Export:
Knit Sector: $10.48 Billion &
Woven Sector: $11.04 Billion (FY: 2012-13)
Composition of export volume of Bangladesh:

9. History
The readymade garment (RMG) is a success story for
Bangladesh . The industry started in the late 1970s,
expanded heavily in the 1980s and boomed in the
1990s. The quick expansion of the industry was possible
because of the use of less complicated technology,
cheap and easy to operate sewing machines, and
relatively cheap and abundant female workforce.
But, apparel firms in the country heave moved into a challenging
position in the new millennium. The Challenge is now to offer
high-quality, low-cost products within a short lead time; and to
meet health, social and environmental compliances in the face of
increasingly stiff competition.

10.  1829-the 1st garments factory was established at Paris with 80
sewing m/c to produce uniform for military forces.
 1856-John Barren set up a garments factory in England.
 1755- The 1st sewing machine developed by Charles Fredrick
from England. But stitch of that m/c is like hand stitch.
 1851-Commercially successful sewing m/c developed by Issac
Merit Singer. It become popular all over the world very soon.
 1960-Reaz Garments was established as a small tailoring
outfit, named Reaz store in Dhaka.
 1973-It changes its name as M/S Reaz Garments & export
10,000 pcs of men’s Shirt to Paris. It was the first exporter of
garments from Bangladesh.
History

11. 1981-1982: As a garments exporting country
Bangladesh actually started their business &
export were $0.1 million.
1998-1999: The export earning of RMG sector
were $5.51 billion which was 75.67 of total
export.
History

12. Women in the garment industry
• The garment sector is the largest employer of women in
Bangladesh. The garment sector has provided employment
opportunities to women from the rural areas that previously did not
have any opportunity to be part of the formal workforce. This has
given women the chance to be financially independent and have a
voice in the family because now they contribute financially.
• However, women workers face problems. Most women come from
low income families. Low wage of women workers and their
compliance have enabled the industry to compete with the world
market. Women are paid far less than men mainly due to their lack
of education. Women are reluctant to unionize because factory
owners threaten to fire them. Even though trade unionization is
banned inside the Export processing Zones (EPZ), the working
environment is better than that of the majority of garment
factories that operate outside the EPZs

13. Conti…
• But, pressure from buyers to abide by
labor codes has enabled factories to
maintain satisfactory working conditions.
• Garment workers have protested against
their low wages. The firsts protests broke
out in 2006, and since then, there have
been periodic protests by the workers. This
has forced the government to increase
minimum wages of workers.

14. References
Wikipedia
Books
Lecture
Inter net
BGMEA