2. Contents
1. Objectives of training
2. Project Overview
3. Planning
4. Stores
5. PMV
6. Quality
7. Site Execution
8. Health, Safety and Environment
3. Objectives of the training
To gain knowledge about the processes involved in the
construction.
To familiarize myself with the practices involved in the following
departments of the site:
To familiarize myself with the practices involved in the following
departments of the site:
◦ Planning
◦ Contracts
◦ Stores
◦ PMV
◦ Quality
◦ Execution
◦ Safety
4. Project Overview
Project: Construction of Shell and core civil and
structural works and associated external development works for the
proposed commercial IT Building at Hi-Tech city for M/S Devbhumi
Realtors Pvt.Ltd (DRPL)
Client: Salarpuria and Sattva
Contractor: Shapoorji Pallonji & Co Ltd (SPCL)
Project Manager: Cushman and Wakefield (I) Pvt.Ltd
Consultants: Architect- RSP Consultants Pvt.Ltd
MEP Consultants – Design Tree Consultants
LEED Consultants– Surmount Energy Solutions
5. Contract Price: Rs.110,76,86,378/- (Incl.VAT + Labour welfare less @
1.00%+Service Tax @ 4.944%)
Land Area: 7 Acres
Built up area: 11,26,000 sft
Tentative Start Date: August 22nd 2013
Project completion as per scope: November 21st 2014
6. Final Commercial IT building Architectural drawings released by RSP Consultants
7. Contract Terms
Mobilization Advance and its recovery:-
15% of total CV in two instalments as mobilization advance against
BG valid upto the contract period.
Secured Advance:-
Cement and Steel shall be supplied by the client the invoice will be
raised against the contractor.80% of actual material invoice amount
for the material received at site shall be paid as Secured Advance in
the subsequent RA bill.
Performance Guarantee:-
BG for 5% of contract value within 15 days of date of LOI valid till DLP.
8. Retention money:-
BG equal to 5% of CV valid upto contract period Retention Deposit.On
completion of works we shall submit BG equal to 2.5% of the value of
the works executed valid upto the defects liability period.
Basic Rate of Materials:-
SP E&C will raise all purchase orders to vendors for the procurement of
Cement and Steel and client shall make direct payment to the
vendors and recover the same from our RA Bills.
9. Client Supplied Materials:-
Cement and Steel shall be supplied by client the invoice will be raised
against contractor.
Water and Power:-
Water and power will be made available by the owner at one point to
the contractor. It is the responsibility of the contractor to make
arrangements for distribution to actual points of usage at his cost and
expenditure.
Variation/Deviation Limit:-
Variation in the contract value upto -15% to +20%.Any variation
beyond the said limits shall be subjected to revision in rates.
10. Liquidated Damages:-
0.5% of CV per week subjected to maximum of 5% of CV.
Milestone Liquidated Damages:-
Applicable for three milestones, 5.0 Lakhs for failure in achieving each
of the three milestones.
Extension of time:-
EOT for any reason whatsoever shall not be waived under any
circumstances and shall subject to the arbitration process.
11. Defects Liability Period:-
There shall not be any warranty beyond the DLP up to 12 months for
any remedial works.
Payment Terms:-
We shall submit monthly RA bills .We shall be paid 70% of the bill value
on quick check basis within 15 days of submission of bill and the
balance shall be paid within 15 days thereafter for all the RA bills.
Force Majeure:-
For more than 30 days an intimation to the client has been sent
regarding the occurrence of force majeure conditions and these shall
be mentioned to the client by the contractor within 15 days.
13. Planning and scheduling of construction activities enables the
project to complete on the finite date.
For any construction project the first 15 days are very important for
the planning department .
15. Phases of a project
1)Mobilization Phase
2)Execution Phase
3)Closure
16. Tracking and Crashing
As a part of assignment I was responsible tracking of the project for
April month upto 22nd by observing the progress of the site works
and tracking in the Microsoft Project 2010 and the percentage
completed was observed to be around 35%
17. Daily Concrete Pour Plan
Execution Dept. gives
the details of where
the concreting has to
be done along with
the quanitity to the
Planning Dept.
Planning Dept. prepares the
daily concrete pour plan
Planning Dept. sends
the daily concrete
pour plan to all the
engineers and the
clients
19. Management Information System
(MIS)
Management Information System (MIS) is sent every month to the
Regional Office every month from the Project site. Management
Information System (MIS) give information of the health and
condition of the project.
It contains all the information regarding the details of the project,
key contract terms, performance comparison about the actual
planned to the actual achieved, S-curve of the project, concrete
production for the month, Running Account (RA) bill,
constraints, Reconciliation of the various material, concrete
programme for the next month, labour productivity.
21. Generally stores is considered as the bank for the construction site.
For any construction project material accounts for about 60-80% of
the entire project cost.
Stores also plays a major role in forecasting the requirement of
materials before hand in order to prevent unnecessary delays for
the completion of the project.
23. Stores Records
In SPCL store records are maintained by using ERP software and
manually.
The ERP software in SPCL is very soon going to be updated to ARIBA
which is a SAP integrated system.
Daily Material Receipt (DMR),Tools and tackles, office furniture are
maintained with ERP software.
Only the shuttering materials and the materials which are issued to
the subcontractors are maintained manually
24. Codification
In SPCL no codification is followed all the materials are entered into
the ERP software and are give tags which can be seen in the
following pictures.
Plumbing Items in stores
Tags provided to various materials
25. Audits
In Shapoorji Pallonji Engineering and Construction both Internal and as
well as the external audits are done.
Internal Audit
Internal audits are done by our company every 3 months and
sometimes every 6 months
External Audits
As a part of our company norms external audits third party audits are
done yearly once after six months to one year.
26. Stock Taking
Stock Taking is done to know the levels of the materials and
resources available at the site and comparing the physical stock
available in the site to the stock level in the records.
Stock Taking are done for major materials at the end of every
month.
27. Methods of Pricing Material Issue
LIFO- Majority of the materials are done by LIFO(Around 99% of the
material).
FIFO – It followed for the materials like cement and steel.
29. Responsibilities of Administration
Department
Labour Management
Statutory Requirements
Monitoring the security agencies
Staff and Labour welfare ( Guest house, Labour camps )
Event Management
Monitoring the movement of vehicles
30. Labour Management
Generally after the labourers finish the Induction Program than all
the details of the labourers are entered into the Form 13 Registers
which are also know as workman registers which contains all the
details pertaining to the labourers like their bio data and their
emergency contact details.
After all the labourer details are entered into the Form 13 Registers
then the labourers are issued ID cards.
31. Provident Fund Registers
Generally in our construction site PF is applicable to labourers who
earn less than Rs.250 per day.
The labour rates as per the Government
Unskilled – Rs.268.69/-
Semi Skilled – Rs.296.85/-
Skilled - Rs.329/-
Super Skilled - Rs.336.69/-
As we can observe that none of the category of the labourers
above fall in the PF category hence we make the labourers sign
Form 11 which is a declaration for excluding PF.
32. Provident Fund (PF)
In case if any of the labourers fall under this category of Rs.250 or
less then these are the applied.
8.36% is contributed towards Pension Scheme and 3.67 % as the
employee contribution.
But in the case of staff 12% from the basic pay is taken as their own
contribution and 3.67% is accounted for the employee contribution.
34. Responsibilities of Accounts
Department
Subcontractor bill verification
Preparing the item bill – When the Stores Department prepares the
Daily Material Receipt (DMR) and the Item Receipt Note (IRN) then
they send it to the Accounts Department and then Accounts
Department prepares the Item Bill which is nothing but the item wise
rate bill.
Staff Salaries
Workers wage payment
Running Account Bill Tracking
Vendor liability statement with age wise analysis-In this the main
priority is given to the subcontractors and then vendors.
Maintaining the reconciliation of the steel scrap vendors.
35. Generally the following accounting aspects are not done at the
construction site but are done at the Regional Office (R.O)
Balance Sheet
Profit & Loss
Cash Flow Analysis
36. Petty Cash
In any construction site liquid cash is maintained to pay for the
infrastructure setups like the electricity bill, water bills, Pooja,
medicine, labour foods and other miscellaneous payments this
liquid cash is known as petty cash
It is also one of the responsibilities of the Accounts Department to
maintain and track the movement of the Petty cash in the
construction site.
37. Purchases
1) State Purchases
The material that we are purchasing from our own state is known as
the State Purchases. For all the state purchases we need to pay local
VAT (Value Added Tax) of 5% or 14.5 % for electrical equipment these
vary based on the material bifurcation.
2) Central Purchases
All the materials that are purchases outside the our state come
under the Central Purchases. For all the Central Purchases we need to
pay CST ( Central Sales Tax ) which has lesser tax when compared to
VAT but we need to sign Form C which is a declaration telling that we
will clear the balance amount as taxes.
The major significance of purchasing outside from the state because
the same material can be available in other states which are much
cheaper than our state and this leads to the savings in the material
costs.
39. List of Major Equipment’s present in
our construction site
40. Calibration and maintenance
Calibration and maintenance done every 6 months for all the
machinery by an third party and certificate is given.
Transit mixer-250hrs and TATA sumo-5000km servicing
41. Flow Chart for procuring new
equipment
Note:
For any purchases below 1 lakh the R.O can decide on its own and
make the purchase without the involvement of the H.O but if the
purchase is more than 1 Lakh the R.O needs to take the involvement of
the H.O
42. Requirement rise
in ERP
PM Approval
Regional Head
Plant along with
Commercial
Dept.
Regional Head
Accepts
H.O Plant and
Commercial
46. Depreciation Calculation
The depreciation for all the plants and machinery are done by the ERP
software itself in our company.
Depreciation of the plants and machinery
Upto 5 years – 2.75% for P&M replacement cost
Above 5 years – 1.75% for P&M replacement cost
Note:
Depreciation is calculated for all the plants and machinery above 1
lakh cost and the plants and machinery below 1 lakh no depreciation
is done direct cost is debited to the cost.
47. Batching Plant
Components of the Batching Plant
· Cement silos -100 tons capacity (3m from GL) - #2
· Fly ash silos-50 tons capacity (6m from GL) - #1
· Screw conveyor
· Belt conveyors
· Skip bucket
· Drum mixer(1cum)
49. Cement Bulker unloading the cement into the silos
Note:
The Cement Bulker capacity ranges from 17 Ton to 45 Ton. In our construction site we
getting 25 Ton Cement Bulkers (Official Legal Road Limit).
51. Checklists
Checklists are prepared by the electrical foreman of the PMV
Department and generally the plants and machinery are checked
weekly.
At the end of the inspection of the plants and machinery signature
of PMV in charge and signature of the HSE officer is done.These are
to be sent weekly to the client in order to release the payment.
52. Various types of Checklists maintained by the PMV Department
1.Checklists for powered hand tools
2.Checklist for electrical works
3.Checklist for DG
4.Checklists for Machine Safe Guard
5.Checklists for hot works
6.Checklist for Hot works
7.Checklist for vehicles
8.Checklist for MTC-Mobile Tower Crane
53. Process of sending checklist to the
Planning Dept.
PMV Dept. (Checklist) Safety Dept. Planning Dept.
55. Project Quality Plan (PQP)
The Project Quality Plan is prepared and formulated as a
Management Summary of Quality related activities required to
meet the terms of contract.
PQP shows how much our organization is dedicated towards quality
of work.
56. Contents of Project Quality Plan
· SPCL Mission and Vision
· Certificates
· Details Sheet
· Approval Sheet
· Organization Sheet
· Quality Assurance Plan
· Inspection Testing Plan
· Material Testing Plan
· Quality Objectives
57. Inspection Testing Plan
The Inspection Testing Plan consists of list of various inspections and
tests that have to be conducted for various works and their frequency
and the responsibility of the person and the records.
Snapshot of Inspection Testing Plan
58. Material Testing Plan
The Material Testing Plan consists of list of various materials and tests
that have to be conducted along with their acceptance criteria and
their frequency and the whether the material testing is done in-house
or by a third party.
Snapshot of Material Testing Plan
59. Method Statements and Checklists
Method Statements and Checklists are the tools of Quality
Assurance and Quality Control. Method Statement is a step-by-step
procedures of a particular work/activity it includes all the works.
Generally method statement is prepared by following the
specifications in the BOQ and the relevant IS codes that are
specified in the BOQ.
Checklists are generally prepared with the reference of the BOQ,
relevant IS codes and the Method Statement.Checklists consists of
list of questions to be answered objectively as Yes/No/NA and these
questions are so framed,as to assess the capability of the process to
produce the desired results of a particular work/activity.
60. The checklists maintained for different works are formwork,
reinforcement, before concreting and after concreting.
Checklists have to be submitted to the clients in order to release the
payment.
62. Third Party Test Reports
The following are the various materials which have been tested by Test
Well Pvt.Ltd.
1. Water -1lt
2. Steel -8,10,12,16,20,25,32mm Grade Fe500 – 7 samples
3. Solid Concrete Blocks - 400*200*200 -#8
400*200*100 -#8
400*200*150 -#8
4. Ultra Sonic Pulse Velocity test on footing GB5 @ Basement 4 Podium
63. 5. Strands (Diameter =12.70 mm) – 1 set -#3 per set
6. OPC (53 Grade) - #1 sample (appr. 10Kg)
7. Fly ash - #1 sample (appro.5Kg) : source-NTPC
8. Admixture
a. Rheobuild 923 HY (source:BASF) - #1 sample (appr.1lt)
b. Conplast SP430 (source:FOSROC)- #1 sample (appr.1lt)
c. Master Glenium SKY 8233 (source:BASF)- #1 sample (appr.1lt)
9. Concrete Cubes
a. M25-#1 set (3 No. per set)
b. M40
c. M45-#2 set (3 No. per set)
d. M35-#1 set (3 No. per set)
10. Soil-#1 sample (appro.20Kg)
Test Results :All are found to be satisfactory.
64. Mix Design
All the mix designs for the DRPL project are done by Test Well Pvt.Ltd.
Materials
1.Cementitious Material:
a. Cement – Coromandel OPC53 Grade b. Fly ash – KTPC
2.Aggreagates:
a. Fine Aggreagates – Crushed Rock Fines (CRF)
b. Coarse Aggregate – Angular crusher broken coarse aggregate of
size 10mm and 20mm.
3.Admixtures:
a. Rheobuild 923 HY (Super Plasticizer)
b. Glenium 8233 (Hyper Plasticizer)
Note:
In the mix design we are replacing cement with fly ash up to 12.8%
65. Maintaining Records
All the records of the test certificates, mix designs, method
statements, checklists are maintained in computer and also in
binders.
Records maintained in binders in the
Quality Lab
68. Surveying or land surveying is the technique, profession, and
science of accurately determining the terrestrial or three-
dimensional position of points and the distances and angles
between them, commonly practiced members of various building
professions.
71. Provident Fund Registers
Generally in our construction site PF is applicable to labourers who
earn less than Rs.250 per day.
The labour rates as per the Government
Unskilled – Rs.268.69/-
Semi Skilled – Rs.296.85/-
Skilled - Rs.329/-
Super Skilled - Rs.336.69/-
As we can observe that none of the category of the labourers
above fall in the PF category hence we make the labourers sign
Form 11 which is a declaration for excluding PF.
73. Formwork is a die or a mould including all supporting structures, used
to shape and support the concrete until it attains sufficient strength
to carry its own weight. It should be capable of carrying all imposed
dead and live loads apart from its own weight.
75. Various systems of formwork used in
our site
1.Conventional – Titon Shuttering (Aluminium Primary and
Secondary)
Verticals with
cup locks at
0.5m interval
Ledgers Aluminium
Primary
78. Primary sitting on drop head with
the help of tongue and groove
arrangement
Secondary sitting on the primary
with the help of tongue and
groove arrangement
79. 2.Modular system-Dhoka formwork and plastic formwork.
Wooden Dhoka 12mm thick ply
boards
Lifting
Brackett
Steel Waler
Splice Plate Tie Rod
82. Various components of plastic formwork
1) Fibre Board
2) Tie rod
3) Wing nut
4) Wage
Front view of plastic formwork
83. Side view of the plastic
formwork
Picture showing the
wage, tie rod and wing
nut
84. Placing of Forwork
The placing of formwork is done according to the scheme diagrams
which are sent to our construction site from the R.O. The Scheme
diagrams are prepared in such a way that they are able to take
both the live loads and the dead loads coming on to the formwork.
Plastic Formwork – It is used for the retaining walls and the parapet
walls
Wooden Dhoka Formwork – For the Lift wall area and the Columns
Titon Formwork –For the slabs, beams and the staircase.
For the capital area the spacing between vertical to vertical is
1.2m
For the slab area the spacing between vertical to vertical is
1.8m
For the staircase area the spacing between vertical to vertical
is 1.2m
85. Jump Form work
Components of Jump Formwork
Jump formwork using the same wooden doka formwork but there
are few other components to the jump formwork.
Anchor Cone Climbing Cone Locking Pin Climbing Bracket Top Scaffolding
Bracket
87. Levelling
Levelling is done to prevent the undulations on the concrete
caused due to the undulations present in the formwork surface.
This is done with help of a dumpy level. First initially the survey team
sets the TBM (Temporary Bench Mark) and the from plans we obtain
the slab bottom level by subtracting between TBM and the slab
bottom level we get the required level to be maintained throughout
the slab.
For the process of levelling one person is required to operate the
dumpy level, one person is required to hold the levelling staff and
three people are required for the adjusting the drop head under the
slab bottom and similar procedure is followed while checking the
top cover of the concrete while concreting.
Picture of dumpy
level
88. Plumb
Generally plumb is checked for all the columns and the lift wall area
columns. This is done to make sure that the formwork is vertical
so that intern the column will be automatically vertical.
Checking for plumb in a column
89. Lining
Lining is generally done for the beams and the sides of the slabs in
order to make sure that all the sides of the formwork are in the same
line or at the same level.
Lining the formwork at side of the slab
90. Finishing
After all the formwork is placed according to the scheme diagram
tape is applied to the small openings in the ply wood surface and if
the opening is very large then tin sheet is nailed to the surface of the
plywood and after that formwork oil is applied to make sure during
the deshuttering time the concrete comes off easily.
Covering the ply
wood with tape
Covering the ply board with tin
sheet
Labourer applying shuttering oil to
the formwork
91. Deshuttering Time
The following are the deshuttering time for the various components
Columns – 12 hours
Beams – Vertical faces of the beams within 12 hours
Horizontal faces of the beams after 14 days
Slabs – After 7 days
93. Methods to improve cycle time
The cycle time for our project is 15 days. By proper material
planning, and sufficient manpower and making sure that the tower
crane is working efficiently the slab cycle time can be improved.
94. Good Practices of Formwork
Base Jack should always should be rested on a well compacted
surface.
All the verticals should be vertical and the verticals which are
inclined should not be used.
In the case of Titon system the primary and the secondary beams
which are free from cracks should be used.
In the case of channel sections the channel sections should be very
well packed.
In the case of channel sections the secondary's which are resting on
the channels should be tied with a binding wire.
The ply board which has holes should be patched up with tin plates
The gap between the ply boards should by covered by tape.
96. In our construction site the reinforcement steel which is being used is
Fe500 of 8, 10,
12, 16, 20, 25 and 32mm and G19 black annealed MS wire (binding
wire).
97. IS Codes
IS - 432 Specification for Mild steel and medium tensile bars and
hard drawn steel wire.
IS - 1139 Specification for hot rolled mild steel, medium tensile steel
and high yield strength steel deformed bars for concrete
reinforcement.
IS - 1786 Specification for cold twisted steel high strength deformed
bars for concrete reinforcement.
IS - 2080 Specification for high tensile steel bars used in pre stressed
concrete
IS - 2751 Code of practice for welding of mild steel structures are
folded plates
IS - 2502 Code of practice for bending and fixing of bars for
concrete reinforcement
98. Test Reports
All the test on steel are done by Test Well Pvt. Ltd
Generally whenever a consignment of 300 to 400MT the steel
samples are sent to Test Well PVt.Ltd
99. Rolling Margin
Rolling Margin is the deviation of actual unit weight to that of the
Standard unit weight as per the IS Standards
Rolling Margin = Actual wt. – Theoretical wt.
According to the IS codes the Standard Rolling Margin for different
dia reinforcement bars used for construction purposes are as
follows:
8mm to 10mm : +- 7%
12mm to 16mm : +-5%
20mm and above : +-3%
100. Bar Bending Schedule (BBS)
I have done the task of preparing BBS for the various components of
the Commercial IT building like the footings, columns, slab, beams,
drop panels both manually on paper and as well as preparing it the
computer using Microsoft Excel.
Snapshots of manual calculations for the
Bar Bending Schedule (BBS)
102. Field Experience
I was able to get hands on experience of how the reinforcement is
being placed on site from the PT drawings and inspection of various
elements of the reinforcement like checking for the development
length in the columns, anchorages, and measuring the lapping
length provided in the slab.
103. Productivity of Fitter
Generally we can arrive at the average productivity of fitters by
Dividing the amount of Steel that has been worked on to the
numbers of fitters working.
Generally the productivity of 1 Fitter + 1 Helper : 130 to 150 kg/day
104. In our construction project the tower area slabs are made up Post
Tensioning steel strands of 12.7 mm diameter which is done by
Utracon (sub contractor)
105. Components of the Post tensioning
system
1.Duct Pipe
2.Casting
3.Wedge Plate
4.Hose pipes
5.Steel strands
6.U60 pump
7.U70 stressing pump
8.Grouting Machine
108. Dead End of the PT Strands Live end of the PT Strands
109. Working Procedure for the post
tensioning of the slabs
First all the duct pipes are taped to the casting and placed on top
of the bottom bed pt reinforcement of the slab according to the
drawings and the chairs are provided accordingly and the hose
pipes are placed at the interval of every 15m.Then with the help of
U60 pump the bulbs are made to the steel strands and steel strands
are placed into the duct pipes.
After 5 days when the quality department assures that 27 N/mm2 is
obtained then about 25% of the stressing force is added to the
strands with the U70 stressing pump to remove the slack in the
strands and then later 430kg/cm2 stress is added to the strands.
If the length of the steel strands is more than 30m then stressing is
done at both the ends and if the length of the strands is less than
30m then stressing is done at one end only.
110. After the stressing is done the protruding strands are cut and the
openings in the slab sides are filled with the ordinary cement. After
getting approval grouting is done.
Pumping water into the hose pipe
Hose Pipe tied after
grouting
111. Grout for the PT slab
Cement – 50 Kg
Water - 22.5 Lt
Conplast – 100mm
The above components are mixed for about 3 to 4 minutes in the
grouting machine. Initially water is sent into the hose pipes in order
to clean the ducts and then grouting is done and the hose pipes
are tied and later the hose pipes are cut from the slab
114. Concreting is the process of placing concrete into the required area
after placing of the formwork and the reinforcement is done.
The standards and specifications followed are according to IS:456-
2000
115. Raw Materials
The following are the various raw materials which are used used for
making the concrete.
1.Cement 53 Grade
2.Fly ash
3.Coarse aggragate -20mm and 10mm
4.Fine aggregate – Crushed Rock Fines (CRF)
5.Admixtures – a. Rheobuild 923 HY (Super Plasticizer)
b. Glenium 8233 (Hyper Plasticizer)
116. Equipment for production
All the production of concrete are done by the batching plant
which has the production capacity of 60m3/hr.
A Drum mixer is present in the quality lab to try some trial mixes.
M1 Batching Plant Drum Mixer in the quality
lab
117. Testing of Concrete on site
For each set consists of 6 cubes in which 3 are tested at 7 days and
3 are tested at 28 days
Note:
But for PT slabs each set consists of 9 cubes in which 3 are tested at
5 days, 3 are tested at 7
days and the remaining 3 are tested at 28 days.
118. Cubes casted in the
moulds
Testing of cubes in the
compressive testing
machine
119. Transportation and placing of
concrete
In our construction site the transportataion of concrete from the M1
batching plant to the required part of the site is done through the
transit mixers of 6m3 capacity.
The placing of the concrete in our construction site is done through
the following
1. Concrete pumps - 60 m3/hr
- 30m3/hr
2.Crane and bucket – 0.8m3 bucket capacity
120. Generally for placing concrete with the pump
- For Slab : 2 Masons + 10 Helpers
- For Columns : 1 Mason + 4 Helpers
- For Lift walls : 1 Mason + 5 to 6 Helpers
For placing concrete by tower crane and bucket
- For Columns – 1 Mason + 6 Helpers
In our site needle vibrators are used for compacting the concrete
and steel gauges are used to see the slab thickness and the masons
use panti for providing a finishing to the concrete surface.
123. Construction Joints and Expansion
Joints
Construction Joints
As per the general notes
Slabs : At the middle one third of the span
Beams : At the middle one third of the span.
Retaining Walls : At the junction of the wall and the footing with a
key point and the middle of vertical span,vertical joints to be
avoided.
Raft Slab : At the middle one third of the span and the construction
joints shall be straight.
Cantilevers: Construction joints shall not be provided in cantilevers.
124. In the construction joints when the placement of concrete is about
to be started in the next portion that portion is chipped off and Nito
epoxy bond is applied on the construction joint and the concreting is
done.
Applying Nito Bond (Epoxy) to the construction joint
125. Expansion Joint
Expansion joint of 25mm is provided between the podium area and
the tower
Length of expansion joint in Basement-4 : 72.95m
Length of expansion joint in Basement-3 : 72.95m
Length of expansion joint in Basement-2 : 102.8m
Length of expansion joint in Basement-1 : 102.8m
Total length of expansion joint : 351.5m
126. CURING
Basically in our construction site we are doing three types of curing
1.Ponding – For slabs
2.Using gunny bags – For Columns
3.Concure WB Curing compound – For Core walls and few
columns.
128. Project HSE Plan
The main objective of HSE plan is to promote Health, Safety and
Environment of person working with Shapoorji Pallonji Co.Ltd.
(SPCL) and prescribe certain rules, procedures and safe practices
in order to comply with the applicable laws.
Cross Reference:
Clause 4.4.6 and 4.4.7 of ISO 14001:2004 and OHSAS 18001:2007
Purpose
This HSE plan explains the Health,Safety and Environement issues at
this construction site and the procedures that shall be followerd by
all the subcontractors.
Scope
The Initial HSE plan has been prepared to encompass many of the
high risk activities and operation which will initially be carried out on
construction site and the methods by which control measures are
to be put in place to minimize the risk of injury or ill health occurring
in our work place and prevention of pollution.
129. Hazard and Risks
Hazard
Anything which has the potential to cause injuries.(Not Visible) There
are basically five types of hazards
1. Fall from height
a. Fall of person
b. Fall of material
2. Fall on the same level
3. Electrical
4. Agronomics-Man and Machine interface.
5. Mechanical
130. Risk
The risks are the outcomes of the hazards or otherwise risks are
nothing but what follows hazards.
131. Safety Induction Programme
In our construction site every personnel is required to taje the safety
induction programme.
This creates an awareness among the personnel regarding the
general safety, importance of PPE and the hazards and risks
associated with the various activities that take place in the
construction site.
Workers undergoing Safety Induction Program
132. Other Safety Related Activities
Every Wednesday of the week Safety training is done.
Once in every month safety awards are given to the worker who
best practice the safety procedures in the construction site.
Every six months emergency drills are carried out in our construction
site.
Safety Hall of Fame board present near the site
office
133. House Keeping
Maintaining discipline by arranging materials so that they do not
block any activities. It is not only the responsibility of the safety
department but also the other departments like the execution
department.
134. PPE
PPE – Personal Protection Equipment
PPE are provided to all the personnel in the site because it can
prevent 98% of the accidents that occur on the construction site.
Pictures of PPE ‘s that are provided in our construction site
136. Ladder Safety
THE ANGLE SHOULD BE BETWEEN 65 - 750 TO THE HORIZONTAL (1 : 4) ‘four up, one down’
STILES TO EXTEND AT LEAST 1 M ( 3 FT) ABOVE THE STEP-OFF POINT.
NO RUNG SHOULD BE MISSING.
140. Chemical Composition of Fire
Extinguishers
The following are the various compositions of Fire Extinguisher
Carbon dioxide
Water
Fluorcarbons - Bromochlorodifluoromethane
Hydrofluorcarbons – Penfluoroethane
141. How to use a Fire Extinguisher
Even though extinguishers come in a number of shapes and sizes,
they all operate in a similar manner. Here's an easy acronym for fire
extinguisher use:
P A S S -- Pull, Aim, Squeeze, and Sweep
P A S S
142. External and Internal Audit
External Audit
Beaurau Veritas come to do external audit and then gives certificate.
Initially it comes to give the certificate but later onwards it gives the
surveillance report.
Internal Audit
As per standards the internal audit is done by the safety personnel from
other sites to check the safety practices that are done in our
construction site.
143. Permit System
In our construction site we have permits for the following works Hot,
Height, Night work, Lifting, Shaft work
Execution Dept. writes
where to do the work
Safety Dept. Client Approval
144. ELCB (Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker),RCB (Residual
Circuit Breaker) and MCB (Miniature Circuit Breaker)
Generally for any transmission power lines and in the power lines there
are four different wires red, yellow, blue, black(neutral).
The main purpose of ELCB,RCB,MCB is that in case if any of the
parallel running wires comes in contact with each other and leads
to short circuiting and thus damaging the equipment and the
machinery which are being used in the construction site.
Whenever one of the three wires other than the black(neutral ) with
the black(neutral ) wire then ELCB comes and prevents the short
circuiting of the power lines.
In some cases when the three wires other than the black (neutral)
come in contact with one another then in order to prevent short
circuiting RCB comes into play and prevents it.
MCB is a backup system which placed in case the ELCB and RCB
fail prevent the short circuiting then MCB comes into the play and
prevents the short circuiting.
