The document summarizes an experimental evaluation of water quality achieved through rapid sand filters (RSFs) at a 0.3 MGD water treatment plant in Sukkur, Pakistan. Laboratory tests were conducted on water samples from the inlet and outlet to analyze physical and chemical parameters. Test results showed that most parameters like turbidity, pH, chlorides, nitrates, and hardness met World Health Organization and Pakistan standards at the outlet, indicating the RSFs purified the water effectively. The conclusion was that the treated water supplied was safe for drinking. Future recommendations included more frequent water quality checks and analyzing additional chemical parameters.

2. EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF “WATER
QUALITY” ACHIEVED THROUGH RSFs:
A CASE STUDY OF 0.3 MGD WTP AT SUKKUR IBA
DEPARTMENT OF
CIVIL
ENGINEERING
Prepared by:
1. Jaidev (Group Leader) K13CE45
2. Yugal Kishore (Assistant Group Leader) K13CE48
3. Saifullah Shaikh (Member) K13CE46
4. Latif Hyder Wadho (Member) K13CE19
5. Aakash Kumar Depal (Member) K13CE43
6. Imran Hyder Abro (Member) K13CE13
Supervised by:
ENGR. SAJJAD ALI MANGI
(Assistant Professor)

3. Contents
• Introduction
• About Sukkur City
• Location of Project
• Object & scope of study
• Problem statement
• Existing system of supply
• Methodology
• Flow chart
• List of Parameters
• Project Description
• Detail of PST
• RSF Mechanism
• Chlorination
• Result & Discussion
• Conclusion & Recommendation
• Picture Gallery

4. Introduction
About Sukkur City
Location of Project
Object & scope of study
Problem statement
Existing system of supply

5. About Sukkur…
• Sukkur is the 3rd largest city of Sindh province,
situated on the west bank of Indus River.
• Its covers an area of 5,165 square kilometers.
• Population : 0.95 Million (2014 Census)
• Coordinates : 27°42′20″N 68°50′50″E
• Elevation : 220ft https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukkur
• The climate of Sukkur is characterized by very hot
and hazy summer with dry and cool winter.
• Summer is very hot as the temperature can reach
50 °C

6. Location of Project
• Sukkur IBA Air Port Road Sukkur Sindh, Pakistan

7. • Water is one of the vital and essential substances for living
organism on the earth
• Water treatment in Pakistan
• Water treatment Techniques

8. Object & Scope of study
• Experimental Evaluation of “Water Quality” achieved through RSF
• Purification of Canal and ground water
• Laboratory tests
• Canal water treatment
• Safety Standards

9. Problem Statement
• Fresh water is not readily available
• Ground water is not easily available
• Ground water contains High TDS
• Surface water contains High turbidity
• In summer canal water is used for WTP
• In Winter Ground water is utilized
• Municipal water does not complete the requirement of water at
campus

10. Existing System of water Supply
• Presently Sukkur IBA is facing the shortage of potable water
• construct their own WTP of capacity 0.3 MGD with RSFs.
• The Raw water source for the treatment plant is the Surface
water (KHIR-THAR Canal).
• Pumps Carry water from KHIR THAR Canal

11. Methodology
Flow chart
Steps in Experimental Investigation
List of Parameters

12. Flow Chart of Water Treatment Plant WTP

13. Steps in Experimental Investigation
Step-03: Laboratory Tests
Physical Parameters Chemical Parameters
Step-02: Sample Collection
Raw Water Sample at Inlet Treated Sample of water at Outlet
Step-01: Preliminary Survey
Physical Visit Data Collection
Step-06: Conclusion
Quality of Water Supplied to
Public Suggestions
Step-05: Discussion
Identify the Quality of Water Recommendations
Step-04: Results
Test Result Analysis
Compare with WHO and
PSQCA Standards

14. List of Parameters
• Efficiency of water treatment plant
• Efficiency = (Influent value - Effluent value) / Influent value
• Laboratory Tests
Physical Parameters
1. Color
2. Odor
3. Taste
4. Turbidity
5. Total Dissolved Solids
Chemical Parameters
1. pH
2. Chlorides
3. Nitrates
4. Calcium
5. Sulphates
6. Lead
7. Total Hardness

15. Project Description
Detail of PST
RSF Description
Chlorination

16. Description
• The (0.3 MGD) WTP Sukkur-IBA water
treatment plant is situated along the
Airport road Sukkur.
• The construction completed in 2015 with
the capacity of (0.3 MGD).
• Contractor AL-SHAFI Enterprises
• It has the mean reduced level of 98m
above the sea level
• Global co-ordinates of WTP Sukkur-IBA
are taken from Google Map and are given
as 27° 43’ 23.69” N, 68° 49’ 11.59” E

17. Details of Pre Sedimentation Tank PST
• The sedimentation tank is of the 20 fts in length,
• 12 fts in width and 12 fts in depth.
• The sedimentation tank is provided with the baffle
walls spacing at the 1 ft respectively.
• Baffle walls retains the mud and suspended solids
from the water by the slow movement process of water
in between the baffle walls.

18. Rapid Sand Filter Description
• The rapid sand tank is of 35.33 fts in length
• 15.33 fts in width and 12 fts in depth.
• The rapid sand tank is constructed with the brick masonry
and divided into the four compartments of equal sizes 12 fts x 8 fts.
• The rapid sand tank is consists of 4.5 fts sand and 2 fts water
and 1 ft free board.
• After the treatment, PVC pipes are provided to transfer the
clean water to production tanks.

19. Chlorination
• Pre Chlorination
• 3 liters per day
• 30 drops/minute
• Post Chlorination

20. Result & Discussion

21. Physical Parameters (Colour and Odour)
• The color of water is always muddy due to high
turbidity at inlet. After the treatment the water that
supplied to the public of IBA is colorless, as per
recommendations of WHO & PSQCA standards
• The water at the inlet is odorous with bed smell and
after the treatment water becomes odourless. Due to
the high efficiency of WTP, the water received at the
outlet was found odourless.

22. pH value
• Following chart shows the variation of the pH value which was
measured from different samples.
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
7.9
S1 S2 S3
pH
WHO Standards 6.5-8.5 mg/L
pH

23. Turbidity
• Following chart shows the variation of turbidity value which was
measured from different samples
240
260
280
300
320
340
S1 S2 S3
Turbidity
WHO Standards <5NTU
Turbidity

24. Chlorides
• Following chart shows the variation of chlorine content which
was measured from different samples.
0
20
40
60
80
S1 S2 S3
Chloride
WHO Standards 250mg/L
Chloride

25. Nitrates
• Following chart shows the variation of nitrates content which
was measured from different samples.
0
5
10
15
20
25
S1 S2 S3
Nitrate
WHO Standards 10mg/L
Nitrate

26. Calcium
• Following chart shows the variation of Calcium content which
was measured from different samples
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
S1 S2 S3
Calcium
WHO Standards 20mg/l
Calcium

27. Sulphate
• Following chart shows the variation of sulphate content which
was measured from different samples.
0
50
100
150
200
S1 S2 S3
Sulphate
WHO Standards 400mg/L
Sulphate

28. Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)
• Following chart shows the variation of Total Dissolved Solids
which was measured from different samples.
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
S! S2 S3
TDS
WHO Standards 1000mg/L
TDS

29. Total Hardness
• Following chart shows the variation of total hardness which was
measured from different samples.
0
100
200
300
400
S1 S2 s3
Total Hardness
WHO Standards <500 mg/L
Total Hardness

30. Laboratory Results
Source Surface Water (Khir-Thar)
S.# Parameters Unit Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Average Results WHO / PSQCA Limits Outlet Results
1 Color -- Muddy Muddy Muddy Muddy Colorless Colorless
2 Odor -- Bad smell Bad smell Bad smell Bad smell Odorless Odorless
3 Taste -- Saline Saline Saline Saline Tasteless Tasteless
4 pH -- 7.5 7.4 7.8 7.56 6.5 – 8.5 7.5
5 Turbidity NTU 280 330 290 300 <5 4.0
6 Chlorides mg/l 60.0 40.0 40.0 46.67 250.0 40.0
7 Nitrates mg/l 20.0 15 18 17.67 10.0 0.01
8 Calcium mg/l 56.0 24.0 8.0 29.33 20.00 19
9 Sulphate mg/l 150.0 150.0 25.0 108.33 400.00 50
10 TDS mg/l 390.0 540.0 160.0 363.0 1000.00 600
11 Total
Hardness
mg/l 340.0 172.0 40.0 82.0 <500.0 120
12 Lead (Pb) mg/l Not Present Not Present Not Present Not Present 0.010 Not Present

31. Conclusion & Recommendation

32. Conclusion
• The physical parameters of water quality (colour. Odor and taste ) was found good at the
outlet as per WHO and PSQCA Standards.
• The pH value at the inlet of WTP was found 7.56 and after the essential treatment the pH
value was found to be 7.5, which observed to be safe for the consumers.
• The average turbidity was found at the inlet of the WTP as 300NTU, and the water sample
which was taken at the outlet of WTP was found to be 4NTU, which is safe for consumers.
• The other chemical parameters (Sulphates. Nitrates, Chlorides, Calcium, Total hardness)
was found good at the outlet as per WHO and PSQCA Standards.
• The lead (Pb) was not present at the inlet and outlet of the water treatment plant.
• On the basis of laboratory analysis it was concluded that the water supplied to the
residents of Sukkur IBA was found safe for the drinking purpose.

33. Future Recommendations
• The quality of water should be checked on weekly basis.
• It is also recommended that all types of chemical tests
should be investigated at the inlet and outlet of WTP.
• It is recommended that for the future works, the quantity of
fluorides should be evaluated at the inlet and outlet of WTP.
.
• There should be proper O&M (Operation & Maintenance) of
WTP to maintain the quality of treated water.

34. Picture Gallery

38. Thanks for Supplying Pure Water