Lighting the Classroom of the Future: a D.O.E Project by Tom Ward

2. Exponation
AIA Provider Number: 70119700
Lighting the Classroom of the
Future: a D.O.E. Project
LEDSSMW16-XXX
Tom Ward, Finelite, Inc
03.28.17
1

3. Credit(s) earned on completion of
this course will be reported to AIA
CES for AIA members.
Certificates of Completion for both
AIA members and non-AIA
members are available upon
request.
This course is registered with AIA
CES for continuing professional
education. As such, it does not
include content that may be
deemed or construed to be an
approval or endorsement by the
AIA of any material of construction
or any method or manner of
handling, using, distributing, or
dealing in any material or product.
_______________________________________
Questions related to specific materials, methods,
and services will be addressed at the conclusion
of this presentation.
2

4. The Department of Energy has initiated a
research project to develop and test novel SSL
luminaire designs for the classroom of the
future. This presentation will present key
findings from this research effort. Topics
covered will include how major drivers such as
new trends in lighting and controls, new trends
in learning, new requirements for the classroom,
and a new understanding of human centric
lighting, change the way we need to light
classrooms. The presentation will cover the
DOE-proscribed goals for energy efficiency,
teacher control over lighting intensity and CCT,
lumen maintenance and color stability, luminaire
performance and lighting levels on classroom
desks and walls. After the presentation, the
attendee will understand how to meet or exceed
the DOE goals.
Course
Description
Learning
Objectives
1. Identify the challenges of lighting the classroom of the
future with its multi-purpose spaces, advanced
communications technologies, and multi-generational
occupants and become familiar with the DOE design
for the classroom of the future including layout,
flexibility, and lifetime of materials and luminaires.
2. Examine the DOE performance goals including
teacher control of intensity and color (CCT), balance
of daylight and electric light, and centralized control.
3. Analyze the DOE performance metrics including
luminaire efficacy (LPW), flicker and power quality,
lifetime and color stability, and vertical and horizontal
illuminance levels in the classroom.
4. Compare the results to date of room-level
performance when lighting for students, for the aging
eye, for audio/visual and whiteboard modes, to
balance daylight, for maximum alertness and
maximum calming.
3

5. Lighting the Classroom of the Future
Presented by: Tom Ward LC, IES Member Emeritus
4

6. Start With:
Lighting
5

7. Lighting Has Quality
Project: Alexander Graham Bell Elementary School
Location: Kirkland, WA
Architect: DLR Group
6

8. Lighting Value Has Changed Due to LEDs
Project: Sangre de Cristo School
Location: Mosca, Colorado
Architect: Klipp Architecture Planning Interiors
7

9. Lighting From LED Luminaires Should Last 50 Years
Project: DSST Conservatory Green Middle School
Location: Denver, CO
Architect: RB+B Architects
8

10. Lighting Can Become Part of the Structure
Project: Newark Tech - Essex County Vocational Technical School
Location: Newark, NJ
Architect: Comito Associates PC
9

11. Lighting Can Be Tailored To The Space
Project: ChildServe Center
Location: Johnston, IA
Architect: SVPA Architects
10

12. Lighting Can Make The Space Dynamic
Project: Belmont University Two Oaks Hall
Location: Nashville, TN
Architect: EOA Architects
11

13. Then, Re-Think:
Learning
12

14. Learning is Everywhere
13

15. Learning is Individual
14

16. Learning is Student Centric
15

17. Learning is Multiple Small Groups
16

18. Plan for Change:
Classroom
17

19. Flat Panel Monitors
18

20. Luminous Teaching Surface
19

21. Tablets
20

22. Streaming Content
21

23. Movable Furniture
22

24. Soft Furniture
23

25. Whiteboards and Writeable Walls
24

26. Student Presentations Replace Teacher Lectures
25

27. Allow for Expanding Usage:
School & Community
26

28. Community Use
27

29. Lifelong Learning
28

30. Lighting The Classroom Of The Future
Introducing the
4-Step Research
Project
29

31. Step 1: Classroom Design Selected
Out of thousands of
choices, the following
illustrative layout was chosen.
30

32. Layout Includes:
31

33. Walls and Windows - 50-year Life:
32

34. Things on The Wall – 10-year Life:
33

35. Furniture Can Rearrange Daily:
34

36. Furniture Can Rearrange Daily:
35

37. Furniture Can Rearrange Daily:
36

38. Furniture Can Rearrange Daily:
37

39. Step 2: Set Performance Goals
- Teacher control of intensity and color (CCT)
- Balance daylight and electric light
- Local and central control
- Vertical and horizontal illuminance levels to ensure excellent
quality light
- Performance Metrics:
o Luminaire efficacy (LPW)
o Flicker and power quality
o Lifetime and color stability
38

40. Step 3: Research Activities
- Reviewed and selected the LED
- Built arrays for 2-source color tuning
- Built and tested multiple luminaires
- Developed and built plug-and-play controls
- Developed lighting layouts
- Constructed a full-sized mock-up classroom
- Installed the luminaires and controls
- Made measurements in the mock-up classroom
39

41. Step 4: Verified Results
- LED package performance
- LED Array performance
- Luminaire performance
- System performance
- Room level performance
40

42. LED Package Performance
- Ra: 80 & 90 CRI
- 167 LPW efficacy
- CCTs: 2700K & 6500K
- LM80 data
- Commercially available
41

43. LED Array Performance
- Excellent spectrum
quality
- 2700 – 6500K range
- Multiple form factors
- Plug-and-Play
- Serviceable
2700K: CRI 83, R9 10 6500K: CRI 85, R9 19
Two Source 3500K: CRI 87, R9 36
42

44. TM30 90 CRI 2-Source Tunable White Array
2700K
RF = 91
RG = 101
3500K
RF = 91
RG = 103
6500K
RF = 89
RG = 101
Reference Illuminant Test Source
COLOR DISTORTION ICON 2700K
Reference Illuminant Test Source
COLOR DISTORTION ICON 3500K
Reference Illuminant Test Source
COLOR DISTORTION ICON 6500K
43

45. Step 4: Research Results to Date
- Luminaire performance
- Lumen maintenance
- Color maintenance
- Efficacy > 120 LPW
- Styles: recessed, pendant and
whiteboard for both
44

46. Lifetime and Color Stability
0
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.005
0.006
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000
Deltau’v’
Time, hours
Mid-Power, LM-80 Data
Chromaticity Shift
55C, 100
ma
Measured Performance
TM-21 Performance Calculation
L90 > 100,000H
L70 > 398,000H
Ts = 55c
i = 100 ma
45

47. Step 4: Research Results-to-Date
System
DMX Central Control Example:
 Scheduling
 Events
 Reporting
 Administrative Tasks
46

48. Step 4: Research Results-to-Date
Room Level Performance
47

49. Lighting – “Window” Contribution
(SF Bay Area June Gloom)
6 fc
1 fc2 fc
1 fc
2 fc
5 fc
48

50. Lighting – Whiteboard Luminaire Contribution
+20fc
+20fc
49

51. Lighting – Ceiling + Whiteboard + “Daylight”
CCT 4250K / Ceiling: 0.27 W/sq ft at 75% / Whiteboard: 0.19 W/sq ft at 100% / Total: 0.46 W/sq ft
51 fc
49 fc
40 fc
61 fc
30 fc
50 fc
35 fc
56 fc
50

52. Lighting To Balance Daylight – (Focus Group Input)
CCT 5450K / Ceiling: 0.31 W/sq ft at 80% / Whiteboard: 0.19 W/sq ft at 100% / Total: 0.50 W/sq ft
56 fc
55 fc
56 fc
66 fc 32 fc
56 fc
54 fc
51

53. Lighting – AV Mode
CCT 3750K / Ceiling: 0.04 W/sq ft at 30% / Whiteboard: Off / Total: 0.04 W/sq ft
11 fc
9 fc
9 fc 6 fc
7 fc
5 fc
52

54. Lighting – Screens and Tablets
CCT 3750K / Ceiling: 0.17 W/sq ft at 60% / Whiteboard: 0.05 W/sq ft at 50% / Total: 0.22 W/sq ft
34 fc
31 fc
29 fc
19 fc
30 fc
24 fc
53

55. Lighting – Maximum Alertness
CCT 6500K / Ceiling: 0.48 W/sq ft at 100% / Whiteboard: 0.19 W/sq ft at 100% / Total: 0.67 W/sq ft
88 fc
83 fc
83 fc 49 fc
82 fc
73 fc
54

56. Lighting – Calming Mode
CCT 2700K / Ceiling: 0.005 W/sq ft at 10% / Whiteboard: 0.002 at 10% / Total: 0.007 W/sq ft
55
6 fc
5 fc
9 fc 5 fc
4 fc
6 fc

57. Lighting – Calming Mode
CCT 2700K 6500K
Ratio of
Melanopic
Stimulation
1 2.35
Eye Level
Illuminance
5 fc 49 fc
Ratio 5 109
5
109
0
40
80
120
Calm Max Alert
RelativeValue
Pre-set
Equivalent Melanopic Lux
Calm
Max Alert
56

58. Next Steps Include:
– Completing stress tests on LED arrays
– Conducting additional focus groups
– Finalizing the user interface
– Documenting affordability
– Publishing the final report
57

59. One Key Finding is Absolutely Clear
LEDs Make Quality
Lighting Affordable For
All Classrooms
58

60. Schools Are Built To Last Decades
59

61. LED Luminaires Should Last 50 years
Project: Alexander Graham Bell Elementary School
Location: Kirkland, WA
Architect: DLR Group
60

62. Long Life Changes the Value Equation
Proper LED luminaire and system design gives the school;
- Decades without maintenance
- Decades of lower energy costs
- “Future Proof” operation
• Tunable White Available Today
• Teacher can change pre-sets as teaching changes
• Wall-mount and smart phone control
• Local and Central Control
• IoT enabled
• Cost effective today and cost effective for tomorrow
61

63. This Means We Must Educate, Educate, Educate
- No other building element has undergone such
rapid change
- Massively more value at lower cost
- School districts need to know this
- Architects need to know this
- Lighting Designers and Specifiers need to know this
- Engineers need to know this
- Contractors need to know this
- Collaboration is needed to make this happen
62

64. This concludes The American Institute of Architects
Continuing Education Systems Course
Finelite, Inc.
30500 Whipple Road
Union City, CA 94587-1530
Ph (510) 441-1100
Fax (510) 441-1510
Tom Ward
tom.ward@finelite.com
www.finelite.com
63
Research Partners Include:
- US DOE (DE-FOA-0001171)
- RTI (lead researcher)
- PNNL (expert advice)
- Samsung (LEDs, monitors, data)
- Finelite (full company support)