With advancement of technology things are becoming simpler and easier for us. Automation is the use of control systems and information technologies to reduce the need for human work in the production of goods and services. In the scope of industrialization, automation is a step beyond mechanization. Whereas mechanization provided human operators with machinery to assist them with the muscular requirements of work, automation greatly decreases the need for human sensory and mental requirements as well. Automation plays an increasingly important role in the world economy and in daily experience. Automatic systems are being preferred over manual system. Through this project we have tried to show automatic control of a house as a result of which power is saved to some extent. The past decade has seen significant advancement in the field of consumer electronics. Various “intelligent” appliances such as cellular phone, air conditioners, home security devices, home theatres, etc., are set to realize the concept of a smart home. They have given rise to a Personal Area Network in home environment, where all these appliances can be interconnected and monitored using a single controller. Home automation involves introducing a degree of computerized or automatic control to certain electrical and electronic systems in a building. These include lighting, temperature control, etc. This project demonstrates a simple home automation system which contains a remote mobile host controller and several client modules (home appliances). The client modules communicate with the host controller through a wireless device such as a Bluetooth enabled mobile phone, in this case, an android based Smart phone.

1. -
DepartmentofElectricalEngineering
VYASINSTITUTEOFENGINEERINGANDTECHNOLOGY,JODHPUR
(Raj.)
A
PROJECTREPORT
ON
“BluetoothbasedHome
AutomationusingArduino”
Submittedinthepartialfulfilmentfor
bacheloroftechnologydegreeat
RajasthanTechnicalUniversity,Kota
(2016-
Submittedto:-
ElectricalBranch,
VIET,jodhpur
Submittedby:-
Lakshminarayan,
MehulRaj,
PyaraRam,
Jasraj,
OmprakashMeena

2. 1
VYASINSTITUTEOFENGINEERINGAND
TECHNOLOGY,JODHPUR(Raj.)
DepartmentofElectricalEngineering
Thisistocertifythattheprojectentitled,“Bluetoothbased
Home Automation using Arduino"submitted by "Lakshminarayan,
MehulRaj,Jasraj,PyaraRam,OmprakashMeena"inpartialfulfilment
oftherequirementsfortheawardof"B.TechDegree"in"Electrical
Engineering" at the "VYAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY,JODHPUR(Raj.)"isanauthenticworkcarriedoutbyhim
undermysupervisionandguidance.
Tothebestofmyknowledge,thematterembodiedintheprojecthas
notbeensubmittedtoanyotherUniversity/Institutefortheawardof
anyDegreeorDiploma.
Date:
ProjectGuideName Submittedto: Headof
Department:
Mr.AsadZai AnsulBhati Mr.Manish
Bhati
CERTIFICATE

3. 2
TABLEOFCONTENTS
ABSTRACT 3
HOMEAUTOMATION 4
NEEDOFAUTOMATION 5
INTRODUCTION 6
COMPONENTSUSED 7
1.ARDUINOUNOR3 8
2.RC-06BLUETOOTHMODULE 11
3.RELAYMODULE 16
4.ARDUINOIEDSOFTWARE 18
BLOCKDIAGRAM 19
CIRCUITDIAGRAM 20
PROGRAMUSED 21
ADVANTAGES 22
DISADVANTAGES 22
APPLICATION 23
REFERENCES 24

4. 3
I. ABSTRACT
Withadvancementoftechnologythingsarebecomingsimpler
andeasierforus.Automationistheuseofcontrolsystems
andinformationtechnologiestoreducetheneedforhuman
workintheproductionofgoodsandservices.Inthescopeof
industrialization,automationisastepbeyondmechanization.
Whereas mechanization provided human operators with
machinerytoassistthem withthemuscularrequirementsof
work,automation greatly decreases the need forhuman
sensoryandmentalrequirementsaswell.Automationplaysan
increasinglyimportantroleintheworldeconomyandindaily
experience. Automatic systems are being preferred over
manualsystem.Throughthisprojectwehavetriedtoshow
automaticcontrolofahouseasaresultofwhichpoweris
savedtosomeextent.
Thepastdecadehasseensignificantadvancementinthefield
ofconsumerelectronics.Various“intelligent”appliancessuch
ascellularphone,airconditioners,homesecuritydevices,
hometheatres,etc.,aresettorealizetheconceptofasmart
home.TheyhavegivenrisetoaPersonalAreaNetworkin
home environment,where allthese appliances can be
interconnectedandmonitoredusingasinglecontroller.
Home automation involves introducing a degree of
computerizedorautomaticcontroltocertainelectricaland
electronic systems in a building.These include lighting,
temperaturecontrol,etc.
Thisprojectdemonstratesasimplehomeautomationsystem
whichcontainsaremotemobilehostcontrollerandseveral
client modules (home appliances). The client modules
communicate with the hostcontrollerthrough a wireless

5. 4
devicesuchasaBluetoothenabledmobilephone,inthiscase,
anandroidbasedSmartphone.
II. HOMEAUTOMATION
Home/officeautomationisthecontrolofanyorallelectrical
devicesinourhomeoroffice,whetherwearethereoraway.
Home/officeautomationisoneofthemostexcitingdevelopments
intechnologyforthehomethathascomealongindecades.There
arehundredsofproductsavailabletodaythatallowuscontrolover
thedevicesautomatically,eitherbyremotecontrol;orevenby
voicecommand.
Homeautomation(alsocalleddemotics)istheresidential
extensionof"buildingautomation".Itisautomationofthehome,
houseworkorhouseholdactivity.Homeautomationmayinclude
centralizedcontroloflighting,HVAC(heating,ventilationandair
conditioning),appliances,andothersystems,toprovideimproved
convenience,comfort,energyefficiencyandsecurity.Disabledcan
provideincreasedqualityoflifeforpersonswhomightotherwise
requirecaregiversorinstitutionalcare.
Ahomeautomationsystem integrateselectricaldevicesina
house with each other.The techniques employed in home
automationincludethoseinbuildingautomationaswellasthe
controlofdomestic activities,such as home entertainment
systems,houseplantandyardwatering,petfeeding,changingthe
ambiance"scenes"fordifferentevents(suchasdinnersorparties),
and the use ofdomestic robots.Devices may be connected
through a computernetwork to allow controlby a personal
computer,andmayallowremoteaccessfromtheinternet.
Typically,anew homeisoutfittedforhomeautomation
duringconstruction,duetotheaccessibilityofthewalls,outlets,
and storage rooms,and the ability to make design changes
specifically to accommodate certain technologies. Wireless
systemsarecommonlyinstalledwhenoutfittingapre-existing
house,as they reduce wiring changes.These communicate
throughtheexistingpowerwiring,radio,orinfraredsignalswitha

6. 5
centralcontroller.Networksocketsmaybeinstalledineveryroom
likeACpowerreceptacles.
III. NEEDOFAUTOMATION
Earlier,welookedintothefaceoffuturewhenwetalked
aboutautomated devices,which could do anything on
instigationofacontroller,buttodayithasbecomeareality.
a)An automated devicecan replacegood amountof
human working force,moreoverhumans are more
prone to errors and in intensive conditions the
probabilityoferrorincreaseswhereas,anautomated
devicecanworkwithdiligence,versatilityandwith
almostzeroerror.
Replacinghumanoperatorsintasksthatinvolve
hardphysicalormonotonouswork.
Replacinghumansintasksdoneindangerous
environments(i.e.fire,space,volcanoes,nuclear
facilities,underwater,etc.)
Performing tasks that are beyond human
capabilitiesofsize,weight,speed,endurance,etc.
Economyimprovement.Automationmayimprove
in economyofenterprises,societyormostof
humankind.Forexample,whenanenterprisethat
hasinvestedinautomationtechnologyrecovers
its investment,or when a state or country
increases its income due to automation like
GermanyorJapaninthe20thCentury.
b)Thisiswhythisprojectlooksintoconstructionand
implementation ofa system involving hardware to

7. 6
controlavarietyofelectricalandelectronicssystem.
Introduction
Homesofthe21stcenturywillbecomemoreandmore
self-controlledandautomated.Simpledevicessuchasatimer
toturnonone’scoffeemakerinthemorninghavebeenaround
formanyyears,butmuchmoresophisticatedmechanismswill
soonbeprevalentinhomesaroundtheworld.
Imaginewalkingintoyourhomeandbeinggreetedat
thedoorwithlightsilluminatingyourpathwithoutyouever
having to touch lightswitch,with yourfavourite music
streamingthroughthespeakersinwhicheverroom youenter
(becauseyourhomerecognizedthatitwasyouandnotsome
otherhouseholdmember),allwhilehavingthepeaceofmind
knowing thatyourhomeautomation system tookcareof
activatingyoursecuritysystem.Furthermore,suchasystem
couldallowtheusertoscheduleeventstooccuratrecurring
intervals(e.g.,turn on sprinklersystem at4:30a.m.every
TuesdayandThursday).
Thisreportdescribesanapproximationofsuchahome
automationsystem thatwasdesignedandbuiltasafinal
projectfor6.111atM.I.T.Thissystem wasdesignedtobe
flexible and generally programmable,extensible such that

8. 7
addingadditionalfeaturesisrelativelysimple,andmodular
and forward-compatible,so thatnew componentscan be
addedwithoutredesigningtheentiresystem.Toachievethese
goals,thesystem runsauser-definedprogram onaspecial-
purpose processor, using real-world sensor inputs as
operands.
COMPONENTSUSED
Followingcomponentsareusedinthisproject:
1.Hardware
a)ArduinoUNOR3
b)RelaysModule
c)BluetoothModuleRC-05
d)AndroidSmartphone
e)Computer
f)Bulbs(15-100watt)
g)ButtenHolder
h)BatterywithConnector(9V)
i)PlywoodBoard
j)Connectionwires
k)Jumperwires

9. 8
2.Software
a)ArduinoIED(windows)
b)SmartHome(android)
1.ArduinoUNOR3Chip–
Arduino is an open-source, programmable
microcontrollerandsoftwarebasedontheATMegachip.The
ArduinoboardcanbeprogrammedusingtheArduinosoftware.
ThesyntaxforthisissimilartoC/C++andJava.

10. 9
Figure1ArduinoUNOR3
Arduinoiscomputerhardwareandsoftwarecompany,
projectandusercommunitythatdesignsandmanufactures
microcontroller-based kits forbuilding digitaldevices and
interactiveobjectsthatcansenseandcontrolobjectsinthe
physicalworld.

11. 10
Figure2ArduinoUNOpinlayout
Arduino/GenuinoUnoisamicrocontrollerboardbasedonthe
ATmega328P.Ithas14digitalinput/outputpins(ofwhich6
canbeusedasPWM outputs),6analoginputs,a16MHz
quartzcrystal,aUSBconnection,apowerjack,anICSPheader
andaresetbutton.Itcontainseverythingneededtosupport
themicrocontroller;simplyconnectittoacomputerwitha
USBcableorpoweritwithaAC-to-DCadapterorbatterytoget
started...
Technicalspecs

12. 11
Microcontroller ATmega328P
OperatingVoltage 5V
InputVoltage(recommended) 7-12V
InputVoltage(limit) 6-20V
DigitalI/OPins 14(ofwhich6providePWMoutput)
PWMDigitalI/OPins 6
AnalogInputPins 6
DCCurrentperI/OPin 20mA
DCCurrentfor3.3VPin 50mA
FlashMemory
32KB(ATmega328P)
ofwhich0.5KBusedbybootloader
SRAM 2KB(ATmega328P)
EEPROM 1KB(ATmega328P)
ClockSpeed 16MHz
LED_BUILTIN 13
Length 68.6mm
Width 53.4mm
Weight 25g
TheArduino/GenuinoUnoboardcanbepoweredviatheUSB
connection orwith an externalpowersupply.The power
sourceisselectedautomatically.
External(non-USB)powercancomeeitherfrom anAC-to-DC
adapter(wall-wart)orbattery.Theadaptercanbeconnected
byplugginga2.1mm center-positiveplugintotheboard's
powerjack.Leadsfrom abatterycanbeinsertedintheGND
andVinpinheadersofthePOWERconnector.
Theboardcanoperateonanexternalsupplyfrom6to20volts.
Ifsuppliedwithlessthan7V,however,the5Vpinmaysupply
lessthanfivevoltsandtheboardmaybecomeunstable.If
usingmorethan12V,thevoltageregulatormayoverheatand
damagetheboard.Therecommendedrangeis7to12volts.
Thepowerpinsareasfollows:

13. 12
Vin-TheinputvoltagetotheArduino/Genuinoboardwhen
it'susinganexternalpowersource(asopposedto5voltsfrom
theUSBconnectionorotherregulatedpowersource).Youcan
supplyvoltagethroughthispin,or,ifsupplyingvoltageviathe
powerjack,accessitthroughthispin.
5V-Thispinoutputsaregulated5Vfrom theregulatoronthe
board.Theboardcanbesuppliedwithpowereitherfrom the
DCpowerjack(7-12V),theUSBconnector(5V),ortheVINpin
oftheboard(7-12V).Supplyingvoltageviathe5Vor3.3Vpins
bypassestheregulator,andcandamageyourboard.Wedon't
adviseit.
3V3-A3.3-voltsupplygeneratedbytheon-boardregulator.
Maximumcurrentdrawis50mA.
GND-Groundpins.
IOREF-ThispinontheArduino/Genuinoboardprovidesthe
voltagereferencewithwhichthemicrocontrolleroperates.A
properlyconfiguredshieldcanreadtheIOREFpinvoltageand
select the appropriate power source or enable voltage
translatorsontheoutputstoworkwiththe5Vor3.3V.
Memory
TheATmega328has32KB (with0.5KB occupiedbythe
bootloader).Italsohas2KBofSRAM and1KBofEEPROM
(whichcanbereadandwrittenwiththeEEPROMlibrary).

14. 13
InputandOutput
Eachofthe14digitalpinsontheUnocanbeusedasaninput
oroutput,using pinMode(),digitalWrite(),and digitalRead()
functions.Theyoperateat5volts.Eachpincanprovideor
receive20mAasrecommendedoperatingconditionandhas
aninternalpull-upresistor(disconnectedbydefault)of20-50k
ohm.A maximum of40mA isthevaluethatmustnotbe
exceededonanyI/Opintoavoidpermanentdamagetothe
microcontroller.
Inaddition,somepinshavespecializedfunctions:
Serial:0(RX)and1(TX)-Usedtoreceive(RX)andtransmit
(TX)TTL serialdata.These pins are connected to the
correspondingpinsoftheATmega8U2USB-to-TTLSerialchip.
PWM:3,5,6,9,10,and11.Provide8-bitPWM outputwiththe
analogWrite()function.

15. 14
2.RC–05Bluetoothmodule-
RC–05isaBluetoothmodule,whichisusedforcreate
aconnectionbetweentwoBluetoothdevices,itgetssupplied
fromtheArduinochipandalsogiveinstructiontoArduinochip.
Figure3BluetoothModule(frontside)
HC-05moduleisaneasytouseBluetoothSPP(SerialPort
Protocol)module,designed fortransparentwireless serial
connectionsetup.TheHC-05BluetoothModulecanbeusedin
aMasterorSlaveconfiguration,makingitagreatsolutionfor
wirelesscommunication.ThisserialportBluetoothmoduleis
fully qualified Bluetooth V2.0+EDR (Enhanced Data Rate)
3MbpsModulationwithcomplete2.4GHzradiotransceiver
andbaseband.ItusesCSRBluecore04-Externalsinglechip
Bluetooth system with CMOS technology and with AFH
(AdaptiveFrequencyHoppingFeature).

16. 15
Figure4bluetoothModule(backside)
TheBluetoothmoduleHC-05isaMASTER/SLAVEmodule.By
default,thefactorysettingisSLAVE.TheRoleofthemodule
(MasterorSlave)canbeconfiguredonlybyATCOMMANDS.
Theslavemodulescannotinitiateaconnectiontoanother
Bluetoothdevice,butcanacceptconnections.Mastermodule
caninitiateaconnectiontootherdevices.Theusercanuseit
simplyforaserialportreplacementtoestablishconnection
betweenMCUandGPS,PCtoyourembeddedproject,etc.
HardwareFeatures
• Typical-80dBmsensitivity.
• Upto+4dBmRFtransmitpower.
• 3.3to5VI/O.
• PIO(ProgrammableInput/Output)control.
• UARTinterfacewithprogrammablebaudrate.
• Withintegratedantenna.
• Withedgeconnector.

17. 16
SoftwareFeatures
• SlavedefaultBaudrate:9600,Databits:8,Stopbit:1,
Parity:No parity.
• Auto-connecttothelastdeviceonpowerasdefault.
• Permitpairingdevicetoconnectasdefault.
• Auto-pairingPINCODE:”1234”asdefault.
PinDescription
TheHC-05BluetoothModulehas6pins.Theyareasfollows:
1. ENABLE:
WhenenableispulledLOW,themoduleisdisabledwhich
meansthemodulewillnotturnonanditfailstocommunicate.
Whenenableisleftopenorconnectedto3.3V,themoduleis
enabledi.e.themoduleremainsonandcommunicationalso
takesplace.
2. Vcc: SupplyVoltage3.3Vto5V
3. GND:Groundpin
4. TXD&RXD:
These two pins acts as an UART interface for
communication
5. STATE:
Itactsasastatusindicator.Whenthemoduleisnotconnected
topairedwithanyotherBluetoothdevice,signalgoesLow.At
thislowstate,theledflashescontinuouslywhichdenotesthat
themoduleisnotpairedwithotherdevice.Whenthismodule
isconnectedto/pairedwithanyotherBluetoothdevice,the
signalgoesHigh.Atthishighstate,theledblinkswitha
constantdelaysayforexample2sdelaywhichindicatesthat

18. 17
themoduleispaired.
3.RelayModule
Arelayisanelectricallyoperatedswitch.Manyrelaysusean
electromagnettomechanicallyoperateaswitch,butother
operatingprinciplesarealsoused,suchassolid-staterelays.
Relaysareusedwhereitisnecessarytocontrolacircuitbya
separatelow-powersignal,orwhereseveralcircuitsmustbe
controlledbyonesignal.
Figure5RelayModule
Relaysworkon electromagnetism,When theRelaycoilis
energizeditactslikeamagnetandchangesthepositionofa
switch.Thecircuitwhichpowersthecoiliscompletelyisolated
from thepartwhichswitchesON/OFF,thisprovideselectrical
isolation.Thisisthereasonwecancontrolarelayusing5V's
from anArduinoandtheotherendofitcouldberunningan
230Vappliance,the230Vendiscompletelyisolatedfrom the

19. 18
5VArduinocircuitry.
Toconnectthe4RelayboardtoanArduinoisveryeasy
andallowsyoutoturnonandoffawiderangeofdevices,both
ACandDC.Thefirsttoconnectionsarethegroundandpower
pins,youneedtoconnecttheArduino+5vtothe4Relayboard
VCCpinandtheArduinogroundtothe4RelayboardGNDpin.
Then it’s an only a matter of just connecting the
communicationpins,labelledIN1,IN2,IN3andIN4,two4data
pinsontheArduino.Intheexamplecodebelow weused
Arduinopins7,8,9,10.It’sagoodideatoavoidusingData
pins0 and 1 astheyareused bytheArduino forserial
communicationandcancauseproblemswhenuploadingcode
totheArduino.
Figure RelayModuleConnectionFigure6
Thedefaultstateoftherelaywhenthepowerisofffor
COMM(power)tobeconnectedtoNC(normallyclosed),thisis

20. 19
theequivalentofsettingthe4RelayboardsINpintoHIGH(has
+5vsenttoit)ItisasafetyfeaturetonotusetheNCconnector
in-caseyouArduinolosespoweritwillautomaticallyturnsoff
allthe devices connected to the relay. When you have
something connected to the relays NO (Normally Open)
connectorandyousetthecorrespondingINpintoLOW (0v),
powerwillflowinfromtheCOMMconnectorandoutoftheNO
connectorpoweringyourdevice.
4.ArduinoSoftwareIDE
The Arduino/Genuino Uno can be programmed with the
(ArduinoSoftware(IDE).
Theopen-sourceArduinoSoftware(IDE)makesiteasytowrite
codeanduploadittotheboard.ItrunsonWindows,MacOSX,
andLinux.TheenvironmentiswritteninJavaandbasedon
Processingandotheropen-sourcesoftware.
ThissoftwarecanbeusedwithanyArduinoboard.

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Figure7ArduinoIEDSoftware
BlockDiagram

22. 21
Figure8BlockDiagram
• TodevelopaBluetoothbasedhomeautomationsystem
withArduinoUNOBoardandanAndroidapplication.
• Remotecontrolledhomeautomationsystem providesa
simplersolutionwithAndroidapplicationtechnology.
• Remoteoperationisachievedbyanysmartphone/Tablet
etc.,withAndroidOS,uponaGUI(GraphicalUserInterface)
basedtouchscreenoperation
CircuitDiagram

23. 22
Figure10Projectpitcher
Figure9CircuitDiagram

24. 23
charvar;
voidsetup(){
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(2,OUTPUT);
pinMode(3,OUTPUT);
pinMode(4,OUTPUT);
pinMode(5,OUTPUT);
}
voidloop(){m
while(Serial.available()==0);
var=Serial.read();
Serial.println(var);
if(var=='1')
{Serial.println("Load1isOn");
digitalWrite(2,HIGH);
}
elseif(var=='2')
{Serial.write("Load1isOFF");
digitalWrite(2,LOW);
}
if(var=='3')
{Serial.println("Load2isOn");
digitalWrite(3,HIGH);
}
elseif(var=='4')
{Serial.write("Load2isOFF");
digitalWrite(3,LOW);
}
elseSerial.println("Invalid!!");
Serial.flush();
}
Programused(Onlyfor2Loadcontrol)

25. 24
Advantages
a)Bluetoothisusedinthishomeautomationsystem,which
havearangeof10to20meterssothecontrolcannotbe
achievedfromoutsidethisrange.
b)ApplicationisconnectedafterdisconnectoftheBluetooth.
c)Whenthenewuserswanttoconnect,firstdownload
applicationsoftwareandthenconfigurationmustbedone.
d)Highpowerconsumptionbecauseofbluetooth
connectivity.
Disadvantages
a)Bluetoothisusedinthishomeautomationsystem,which
havearangeof10to20meterssothecontrolcannotbe
achievedfromoutsidethisrange.
b)Applicationisconnectedafterdisconnectofthe
Bluetooth.
c)Whenthenewuserswanttoconnect,firstdownload
applicationsoftwareandthenconfigurationmustbedone.

26. 25
d)Highpowerconsumptionbecauseofbluetooth
connectivity.
APPLICATIONS
Theprojectdesignedisverypracticalinnaturebecause
everythingcanbecontrolledwiththehelpofjustamobile
phonewhichiswidelyavailablenowadaysandalsoprovesto
behandy.
Alsotheprojectisfeasiblebecausethecostoftheprojectis
verylessascomparedtotheexpensiveWi-Fibasedhome
controlsystemspresentlyavailableinthemarketwhich
requireanadditionalcostofinternetservices.

27. 26
References
www.arduino.org
www.google.com
www.diyhacking.com
www.wikipedia.org
www.elementzonline.com
www.androidcontrol.blogspot.com