6. v
Andrey Yudin was born in 1957.
Much in common: the same age, the exclusive models, all options, in good working condi-
tions, with no rot and rust, sit down and drive, some problems on the body, etc.
… Long ago in some of the radiology papers, I found a discussion concerning the peculiari-
ties of the names of symptoms: if they are given the names of the authors, then we do not
understand their meaning (after all, our specialty is largely metaphorical), and if we have a
picturesque description of the image, then it is sometimes excessively emotional. As an
From the Author
Cadillac Eldorado 1957 model.
7. vi
example of a failed metaphorical formation, they cited the “1957 Cadillac Lights” sign. Not
everyone in the world does know about this car; who knows?
However, the well-known saying insists: “If you did one million bucks – buy the pink
Cadillac to success unless that luck turns away!”
I hope this publication will help you get lucky in our profession. Enjoy imaginative percep-
tion of radiology!
I want to tell the truth which I do not know, but I’m looking for it.
Professor A. Yudin
From the Author
8. vii
Contents
Saber-Sheath Trachea..................................................................................................... 1
Eggshell Calcification and Rim Enhancement ............................................................. 3
Split Pleura Sign.............................................................................................................. 5
Consolidation................................................................................................................... 7
Ground-Glass Opacity and Black Bronchus Sign........................................................ 9
Bat Wing, Butterfly, or Angel Wing Sign...................................................................... 11
Crazy-Paving Sign........................................................................................................... 13
Honeycombing................................................................................................................. 15
Vanishing Lung ............................................................................................................... 17
Mosaic Perfusion or Mosaic Lung Sign ........................................................................ 19
Air Trapping.................................................................................................................... 21
Swiss Cheese Appearance............................................................................................... 23
Feeding Vessel Sign or Fruits on the Branch Sign ....................................................... 25
Snowstorm Sign and Cannonball Metastases............................................................... 27
Air Bronchograms and Pseudocavitations ................................................................... 29
Halo Sign.......................................................................................................................... 31
Corona Radiata or Corona Maligna and Pleural Tail Sign ........................................ 33
Positive Bronchus Sign ................................................................................................... 35
Umbilical Retraction Sign or Rigler Incisura .............................................................. 37
Popcorn Sign and Bull’s Eye Calcifications.................................................................. 39
Target Calcification Sign ................................................................................................ 41
Satellite Foci and Galaxy Sign ....................................................................................... 43
Rounded Atelectasis, Comet-Tail Sign, and Crow’s Foot Sign ................................... 45
Tree-in-Bud Sign ............................................................................................................. 47
Air Crescent Sign ............................................................................................................ 49
Signet Ring Sign, Tram-Tracking Sign, String of Pearls, and Cluster of Grapes........... 51
Finger-in-Glove or Hand-in-Glove Sign........................................................................ 53
Atoll or Reversed Halo Sign........................................................................................... 55
9. viii
Parachute Sign ................................................................................................................ 57
Atelectasis Discoidea, Atelectasis Lamellosa, or Platelike Atelectasis ....................... 59
Mesa, Tafelberg, or Table Mountain Sign..................................................................... 61
Pleural Mouse, Fibrin Body, Fibrin Ball, and Thoracolith......................................... 63
Draped Aorta Sign.......................................................................................................... 65
Sentinel Clot Sign............................................................................................................ 67
Intimal Flap and Beak Sign ........................................................................................... 69
Cobweb Sign and Mercedes-Benz Sign......................................................................... 71
Hyperdense Crescent Sign and Beret Sign ................................................................... 73
Web Sign and White (Calcified) Pulmonary Arteries ................................................. 75
Marble Liver Sign or Fatty Liver (Foie Gras).............................................................. 77
Geographic Liver ............................................................................................................ 79
Boxing Glove Sign........................................................................................................... 81
Confluent Fibrosis........................................................................................................... 83
Bull’s Eye Sign................................................................................................................. 85
Lacelike Fibrosis and Salt and Pepper Sign ................................................................. 87
White Liver Sign ............................................................................................................. 89
Periportal Halo................................................................................................................ 91
Ripples in the Water Sign or Target Sign ..................................................................... 93
Cluster of Grapes Sign.................................................................................................... 95
Water Lily Sign or Snake Sign....................................................................................... 97
Bright Dot Sign and Iris or Eye Diaphragm Sign........................................................ 99
Stellate Scar Sign or Spoke-Wheel Pattern .................................................................. 101
Funeral Frame Sign, Rim Enhancement, and Target-Like Appearance................... 103
Double Duct Sign............................................................................................................. 105
Central Dot Sign.............................................................................................................. 107
Mercedes-Benz Sign........................................................................................................ 109
Porcelain or Incrusted Gallbladder Sign...................................................................... 111
Annular Pancreas............................................................................................................ 113
Lake Chain Sign or String of Beads Sign and Pancreas
with Sausage-Like Form and Hypodense Halo............................................................ 115
Honeycomb or Spongelike Mass and Spoke-Wheel Sign ............................................ 117
Fetal Lobulation or Lobation and Column of Bertin Hypertrophy........................... 119
Horseshoe Kidney ........................................................................................................... 121
White Pyramids Sign...................................................................................................... 123
Claw Sign or Beak Sign.................................................................................................. 125
Contents
10. ix
Faceless Kidney Sign....................................................................................................... 127
Swiss Cheese Sign............................................................................................................ 129
Stellate Scar Sign or Starlike Scar Sign and Spoke-Wheel Pattern........................... 131
Fan Sign, Wedge-Shaped or Striated Enhancement, and Patchy Nephrogram........ 133
Medullary Sponge Kidney and Paintbrush Appearance............................................. 135
Putty Kidney Sign ........................................................................................................... 137
Cortical Rim Sign and Reversed Rim Sign................................................................... 139
String of Beads Sign or String of Pearls Sign............................................................... 141
Soft Tissue Rim Sign and Comet Sign........................................................................... 143
Whirlpool, Whirl, Swirl, and Whirling Sign................................................................ 145
Comb Sign........................................................................................................................ 147
Stratified Attenuation, Double Halo Sign, and Target Sign........................................ 149
Target Sign, Sausage-Shaped Mass, and Reniform or Kidney-Shaped Bowel.......... 151
Fat Halo Sign................................................................................................................... 153
Accordion Sign ................................................................................................................ 155
Rim Enhancement or Target Sign ................................................................................. 157
Soap Bubble Appearance and Small Bowel Feces Sign............................................... 159
Ring Sign.......................................................................................................................... 161
Omental Cake Sign ......................................................................................................... 163
Sandwich Sign ................................................................................................................. 165
Misty Mesentery Sign and Fat Halo Sign ..................................................................... 167
Dirty Fat Sign .................................................................................................................. 169
Hematocrit Sign .............................................................................................................. 171
Recommended Literature .............................................................................................. 173
Index................................................................................................................................. 175
Contents