A brain hemorrhage is a type of stroke. It's caused by an artery in the brain bursting and causing localized bleeding in the surrounding tissues. ... Hemorrhage literally means "blood bursting forth." Brain hemorrhages are also called cerebral hemorrhages, intracranial hemorrhages, or intracerebral hemorrhages.

1. Brain Haemorrhage
Causes | Symptoms | Diagnosis | Treatment

2. What is Brain Haemorrhage ?
Brain haemorrhage is a type of stroke wherein damage induced
to the artery results in localized bleeding in the brain, and
destroys the tissues and cells in the vicinity. When the rupture
caused to the wall of the blood vessels results in blood spill, the
blood enters the area wherein vital tissues and cells of brain are
located and kills them.
It is a severe condition, wherein the person needs immediate
medication/treatment - if the person is not subjected to proper
treatment in time, it can result in further complications like loss
of brain function and cause coma or death.

3. Causes of Brain Haemorrhage
There are several risk factors and causes of brain
haemorrhages. The most common include:
 Head trauma. Injury is the most common cause of bleeding
in the brain for those under 50.
 High blood pressure. This chronic condition can, over a long
period of time, weaken blood vessel walls. Untreated high
blood pressure is a major preventable cause of brain
haemorrhages.
 Aneurysm. This is a weakening in a blood vessel wall that
swells. It can burst and bleed into the brain, leading to a
stroke.

4. Causes Continue…
 Blood vessel abnormalities. Weaknesses in the blood vessels
in and around the brain may be present at birth and
diagnosed only if symptoms develop.
 Amyloid angiopathy. This is an abnormality of the blood
vessel walls that sometimes occurs with ageing. It may cause
many small, unnoticed bleeds before causing a large one.
 Blood or bleeding disorders. Haemophilia and sickle cell
anaemia can both contribute to decreased levels of blood
platelets.
 Liver disease. This condition is associated with an increased
risk of bleeding in general.
 Brain tumours.

5. Symptoms of Brain Haemorrhage
 Difficulty speaking or understanding speech
 Difficulty swallowing
 Difficulty writing or reading
 Loss of fine motor skills
 Loss of coordination
 Loss of balance
 An abnormal sense of taste
 Loss of consciousness
 Decreased alertness, lethargy
 Changes in vision
 Tingling or numbness

6. Symptoms Continue…
 A sudden severe headache
 Seizures with no previous history of seizures
 Weakness in an arm or leg
 Nausea or vomiting

7. Diagnosis of Brain Haemorrhage
There are series of tests that are used to diagnose a condition
which is likely to lead to a haemorrhage. A CT (Computerized
Tomography) scan or MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) scan
can help find out where the haemorrhage has occurred.
Lumbar puncture - i.e. surgical removal of fluid from the
subarachnoid space of the lumbar region of the spinal cord for
diagnostic purpose, angiography - imaging done by injecting a
radio-opaque contrast agent into the blood vessel, etc., are other
tests that are used in the diagnosis of brain haemorrhage.

8. Treatments of Brain Haemorrhage
 Patients need to be monitored very closely if bleeding is
inside the brain.
 Initial step of treatment involves stabilizing the blood
pressure and ensuring normal breathing.
 Ventilator can be made available to ensure enough oxygen
supply to the brain and other vital organs of the body.
 Intravenous access is required so that patient can get fluids
and medicines especially in unconscious state.
 Special monitoring systems are needed for keeping track of
the heart beats, blood oxygen levels and intracranial
pressure.
 Once the patient is stabilized, then doctors take decision to
operate the patient based on various factors.

9. Preventions of Brain Haemorrhages
 Controlling blood pressure or hypertension.
 It has been found in a study that around 80% patients have
high blood pressure history.
 Have a healthy diet and exercise regularly.
 Meditate daily to keep your mind peaceful.
 Stress can cause overexertion of brain.
 Stop Smoking
 Avoid drugs such as cocaine which can increase the risk of
brain disorder.
 To avoid head injury drive carefully with your seat belt on.

10. Complications of Brain
Haemorrhages
 Death can also occur despite of medication in some cases.
 Loss of movement
 Inability in communicating
 Bleeding may occur in the digestive system
 paralysis
 depression

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