Ground water pollution

1. Page 1
GROUND WATER
CONTAMINATION
AJAY CHAUHAN
ID NO :2011510085

2. Page 2
WHAT IS GROUND WATER POLLUTION ???
Groundwater can be polluted / contaminated as a
result of HUMAN activity and Natural conditions.
Contaminations found in the groundwater cover a
broad range of physical, chemical (Organic &
Inorganic), bacteriological and radioactive
parameters.

3. Page 3
1. Improper use of contaminated water
2. Leaking Fuel and Chemical Tanks
3. Industrial Chemical spills
4. Extensive use of Pesticides, Herbicides and fertilizers
5. Drainage of house hold chemicals
6. Badly Managed Landfill
7. Industrial Emissions

4. Page 4
The percolating water picks up a large amount of
dissolved constituents and reaches the aquifer system
and contaminates the groundwater. pumping wells can
cause or aggravate ground-water pollution

5. Page 5
Water table steepens
near a dump, increasing
the velocity Of ground-
water flow and drawing
pollutants into a well
water-table slope is
reversed by pumping,
changing direction of the
ground-water flow, and
polluting the well

6. Page 6
Land Use Activities potential to groundwater pollution
Residential  Un-severed sanitation
 Land & stream discharge of sewage
 Sewage oxidation ponds
 Sewer leakage, solid waste disposal, landfill leachate
 Road & urban run-off, aerial fall out
Industrial & Commercial  Process water, effluent lagoon etc.
 Land & stream discharge of effluents
 Tank & pipeline leakage & accidental spills.
 Well disposal of effluent
 Aerial fall out
 Landfill disposal & solid wastes & Hazardous wastes
 Poor housekeeping
 Spillage & leakages during handling of material
Mining  Mine drainage discharge
 Process water, sludge lagoons
 Solid mine tailings
 Oilfield spillage at group gathering stations
Rural  Cultivation with agrochemicals
 Irrigation with wastewater
 Soil Stalinizations
 Livestock rearing
Coastal areas  Salt water intrusion
LAND-USE ACTIVITIES & THEIR POTENTIAL
THREAT TO GROUND WATER QUALITY

7. Page 7
COMMON GROUND WATER
CONTAMINANTS
CONTAMINAN
TS
SOURCE DISEASE OR TOXIC
EFFECT
NITRATES SEWAGE, FERTILIZERS, AIR
POLLUTION, LANDFILLS &
INDUSTRIES.
BLUE BABY
(METHAMOGLOBINAMIA)
PATHOGENS SEWAGE, LANDFILLS, SEPTIC TANKS
& LIVESTOCK’S.
TYPHOID, CHOLERA,
DYSENTERY, POLIO, AND
HEPATITIS
TRACE METALS INDUSTRIAL & MINE DISCHARGES, FLY ASH
FROM THERMAL POWER PLANTS EITHER
DUE TO FALL OUT OR DISPOSAL IN ASH
PONDS.
TOXIC & CARCINOGENIC.
INORGANIC
CONSTITUENTS
INORGANIC DISSOLVES-SO4, CHLORIDE. GASTROINTESTINAL
PROBLEMS
ORGANIC
COMPOUNDS
AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES, STREET
DRAINAGES, SEWAGE LANDFILLS,
INDUSTRIAL DISCHARGES, SPILLS,
VEHICULAR EMISSIONS FALL OUT ETC.
TOXIC & CARCINOGENIC

8. Page 8

9. Page 9

10. Page 10

11. Page 11

12. Page 12
Participation of INDUSTRY.
minimize use of toxic / hazardous raw material.
Maintain integrity of storage tanks ,pipeline , surface
impoundment.
Adopt good engineering practice for selecting proper material
for Tanks and pipes
Implement monitoring programs: leak detection and repair
program, spill detection, spill control, emergency response etc.
Manage properly: waste materials , their transport and
disposal.
Monitoring periodically : groundwater quality

13. Page 13
Participation of COMMUNITY .
Minimize use of household containing hazardous substances.
Avoid draining chemical , motor oil , insecticides in community
area.
Reduce pesticide application.
Use proper procedures for handling chemicals( plants ,
pesticides , insecticides , polishing material , cleaning
chemicals and detergents).
Immediately clean spills and report any leakage to concerned
department.

14. Page 14
GROUNDWATER REMEDIATION
Groundwater remediation is process that is use to remove the
pollution from the groundwater
It is divided in two technologies :
(1) EX-SITU TECHNOLOGY
 Stream stripping
 Oxygen sparging
 Bioremediation
 Carbon adsorption
.
(2) IN- SITU TECHNOLOGY.
 Air Sparging
 Chemical oxidation
 Thermal treatment

15. Page 15
The Conservation of groundwater is in Our Hands

16. Page 16