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Learning at the 
Speed of Libraries 
Lori Reed 
lorireed.com 
Northwest ILL & Resource Sharing Conference 
September 2014
http://www.flickr.com/photos/exlibris/3052682687
http://www.flickr.com/photos/sjcpls
http://www.inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe.org/2012/survey-says/
“Change is the only constant.” 
– Heraclitus, Greek philosopher
U.S. Workforce 
by Age 
2011 
Matures 5% 
Boomers 38% 
Gen X 32% 
Gen Y 25% 
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
U.S. Workforce 
by Age 
2020 
Matures 1% 
Boomers 22% 
Gen X 20% 
Gen Y 50% 
Gen Z 7% 
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
60% 
50% 
40% 
30% 
20% 
10% 
0% 
Matures Boomers Gen X Gen Y Gen Z 
2011 
2020 
U.S. Workforce by Age in 2011 vs 2020 
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
http://flickr.com/photos/crocidillicus/2640750165/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/hanalita/163224070/
The illiterate of the 
21st century will not 
be those who cannot 
read and write, but 
those who cannot 
learn, unlearn, and 
relearn. 
~Alvin Toffler
http://www.egyii.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/learning.jpg
define: Training 
to make proficient by instruction and practice, as 
in some art, profession, or work 
Source: http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/train
define: Training 
to make proficient by instruction and practice, as 
in some art, profession, or work 
define: Learning 
to acquire knowledge of or skill by study, 
instruction, or Source: experience 
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/train
Training Learning 
http://www.flickr.com/photos/maggiesworld/812273556
http://tinyurl.com/5o3uke 
Training 
• Trainer-led 
• Trainer centered 
• Organization focused 
• Be there! Set time and 
set location 
• Doesn’t necessarily 
result in learning 
Learning 
• Participant-led 
• Self-directed 
• Learner centered 
• Individual focused 
• Anytime, just-in-time 
• Anywhere 
• Learning “Moments” 
OWNERSHIP
Then Now 
Limited print 
access 
Unlimited 
information 
online
Then Now 
Facts and info 
spoon fed 
Discovery, 
inquire 
approach
Then Now 
Pencil, pen, 
paper, word 
processor 
Powerful 
multimedia 
tools
Then Now 
Textbook as 
primary source 
Multiple sources 
mostly visual, 
electronic
Then Now 
Teacher: 
Evaluate & 
assess 
Teacher: 
Frame & 
Guide
Then Now 
Goal: Master 
facts & 
content 
Goal: Learn 
skills & 
problem solve
Then Now 
Learning content 
that may not be 
used in life 
Evaluation skills 
for lifelong 
learning
Idea courtesy of Kevin James http://engagedlearning.net
“Only 10-20% of ‘training’ transfers 
to the job.” 
~ Jay Cross Informal Learning
“Informal learning accounts for over 
75% of learning taking place in 
organizations today.” 
~ Marcia Conner 
http://agelesslearner.com
http://agelesslearner.com/intros/informal.html
From this: 
to this: 
Idea/image courtesy of Kevin James http://engagedlearning.net
http://www.plcmc.org/About_Us/StrategicPlan_finalweb.pdf
http://www.flickr.com/photos/meddygarnet/3459415984
http://plcmclearning.blogspot.com/
“If you want to make enemies, 
try to change something.” 
~ Woodrow Wilson
In calm weather, all ships have good captains. 
Swedish proverb, often attributed to Adam Smith
Why change fails 
• Too much complexity 
• Fail to build a substantial coalition 
• Unclear vision 
• Fail to clearly communicate the vision 
• Permit roadblocks against the vision 
• Not planning and getting short-term wins 
• Declare victory too soon 
• Do not anchor changes in organization culture
Why learning fails 
• Too much complexity 
• Fail to build a substantial coalition 
• Unclear vision 
• Fail to clearly communicate the vision 
• Permit roadblocks against the vision 
• Not planning and getting short-term wins 
• Declare victory too soon 
• Do not anchor changes in organization culture
The Stages of Grief 
Bargaining 
Anger 
Acceptance 
Depression 
Passive Active 
Denial 
Immobilized 
Time 
Stability
The Stages of Change 
Stage 
Stage 
Stage 
Stage 
One 
Two 
Three 
Four 
Confusion 
Anger 
Testing 
Balancing 
Passive Active 
SHOCK DEFENSIVE 
RETREAT 
ACKNOW-LEDGEMENT 
Time 
ACCEPTANCE
Kotter’s Change Model 
1. Create urgency 
2. Build teams/coalitions 
3. Create a vision 
4. Communicate for buy in 
5. Enable action 
6. Create short term wins 
7. Don’t let up 
8. Make change stick 
Create climate for change 
Engage & enable 
Implement & sustain
Learning is a journey 
not a destination. http://www.flickr.com/photos/bilk/259998624/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/neilbrooks/481744012/
Additional Resources 
• Is Yours a Learning Organization? Harvard 
Business Review March 2008 
• Learning Culture Audit 
http://tinyurl.com/4ymz83 
• Learning Organization Survey 
http://tinyurl.com/5o3uke 
• Informal Learning by Jay Cross ©2007 Pfeiffer
Thank you!

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Learning at the Speed of Libraries