1. 1January, 2017CSC Proprietary and Confidential
Cognitive Systems
M. Sc. Lukas Ott
Wintersemester 2016/17
Hochschule Aschaffenburg
2. 2January, 2017CSC Proprietary and Confidential
Agenda
• Gartner Hypecycle
• Watson & other Services
• What is cognitive? - Basics
• Influence of the “Cognitive Era” on
our professional life (Discussion)
3. 3January, 2017CSC Proprietary and Confidential
Agenda
• Gartner Hypecycle
• Watson & other Services
• What is cognitive? - Basics
• Influence of the “Cognitive Era” on
our professional life (Discussion)
4. 4January, 2017CSC Proprietary and Confidential
Gartner Hype Cycle - Explained
Innovations-
Trigger
Peak of Inflated
Expect
Trough of
Disillusionment
Slope of
Enlightment
Plateau of
Productivity
time
expectations
9. 9January, 2017CSC Proprietary and Confidential
Agenda
• Gartner Hypecycle
• Watson & other Services
• What is cognitive? - Basics
• Influence of the “Cognitive Era” on
our professional life (Discussion)
11. 11January, 2017CSC Proprietary and Confidential
What are cognitive systems?
• Cognitive systems understand (partly)
human expressions.
–Text, verbal and visual through extraction of
the actual intent of problem
•They learn through known patterns.
–For the meaning they need examples and
feedback.
–They interact with humans with their own
words and expressions.
12. 12January, 2017CSC Proprietary and Confidential
What are the possibilities a cognitive system
like Watson can do?
Cognitive
• Natural Language Processing
• Translation
• Speech to text
• Confidence
• Personality insights
• Machine learning
• Trend analysis
• Context analysis
• Image analysis
Analytics
• Structuring unstructured Data
• Building dashboards
• Creating a corpus of knowledge
• Combining multiple data sources
• Knowledge classification
• Data integration
13. 13January, 2017CSC Proprietary and Confidential
Watson
Jeopardy Relationship
Extraction
Questions
&
Answers
Language
Detection
Personality
Insights
Keyword
Extraction
Image Link
Extraction
Feed
Detection
Visual
Recognition
Concept
Expansion
Concept
Insights
Dialog
Sentiment
Analysis
Text to
Speech
Tradeoff
Analytics
Natural
Language
Classifier
Author
Extraction
Speech to
Text
Retrieve
&
Rank
Watson
News
Language
Translation
Entity
Extraction
Tone
Analyzer
Concept
Tagging
Taxonomy
Text
Extraction
Message
Resonance
Image
Tagging
Face
Detection
Answer
Generation
Usage
Insights
Fusion
Q&A
Video
Augmentation
Decision
Optimization
Knowledge
Graph
Risk
Stratification
Policy
Identification
Emotion
Analysis
Decision
Support
Criteria
Classification
Knowledge
Canvas
Easy
Adaptation
Knowledge
Studio Service
Statistical
Dialog
Q&A
Qualification
Factoid
Pipeline
Case
Evaluation
Natural Language
Processing
Machine Learning
Question Analysis
Feature
Engineering
Ontology Analysis
Jeopardy
Watson
Watson
Explorer
Jeopardy
Watson
Watson
Knowledge
Studio
Jeopardy
Watson
Watson
Engagement
Advisor
Jeopardy
Watson
Watson
Company
Analyser
Jeopardy
Watson
Watson
Analytics
IBM Watson is a growing platform and set of solutions & tooling
Industries
19. 19January, 2017CSC Proprietary and Confidential
Agenda
• Gartner Hypecycle
• Watson & other Services
• What is cognitive? - Basics
• Influence of the “Cognitive Era” on
our professional life (Discussion)
24. 24January, 2017CSC Proprietary and Confidential
Named Entity Recognition - NER
Format
Analyses
Tokenizer
Named Entity
Recognition
Relationship
detection and
Classification
Text
29. 29January, 2017CSC Proprietary and Confidential
•Supervised (Regression / Classification)
Types of Machine Learning
SVM (Classification)•Unsupervised (Clustering)
K- Means (Clustering)
30. 30January, 2017CSC Proprietary and Confidential
Software – Algorithms for decision making
•Rule-based
decisions
–If
condition
then action 1
or
action 2
–Examples:
•threshold
•Simple machine
programming
•Statistical
reasoning
–Simple
regression
–Examples:
•Outlier
detection
•Interpolation
•Predictive
Maintenance
•Machine
Learning
–Classification
tasks
–Examples:
•Identification of
relevant features
from a huge
dataset
•Quality
assurance with
different metrics
•Artificial
Intelligence
–Dynamic
Adaption
–Examples:
•Self-driving cars
•Human-like
conversations
•Intelligent
assistance
every programmer
Data Scientist
Complex System Engineer
31. 31January, 2017CSC Proprietary and Confidential
From Big Data to smart Applications
• Big Data
– Web content (Blogs)
– Social Networks
– Online Activities (Search and Buy)
– Enterprise applications (ERP, CRM)
– Internet of Things (sensor data)
– Processes
– Text based content (reports)
– Knowledge representation
• Smart
Applications
–Predictions
–Planning
–Analyses
–Discover
–Detection
–Comparison
• Data acquisition
–Data preparation
–Natural Language
Processing
•Entity- Extraction
•Relation -
Extraction
•Taxonomy -
Generation
•Semantic
Graph
• Machine based
reasoning
–Intents
–Recommendations
–Context
–Semantic search
–Rules
–Machine learning
33. 33January, 2017CSC Proprietary and Confidential
•People – Understand what kind of people are interacting
with your application
•Interact – Understand the context and the intent
•Naturally - Understand and respond like people normally
would do
Interact naturally with people
34. 34January, 2017CSC Proprietary and Confidential
Find
evidence to
support
responses
Cognitive Computing and Analytics
Trained to Understand,
Discover & Learn
“Ingest”
relevant data
across a broad
domain to create
a repository
Understand
an ambiguous
English language
inquiry
Generate
potentially relevant
responses
Rank
responses with
confidance factors
and adapt
from machine
learning
Hello Mickey,
Welcome to
ABC Insurance
Train
36. 36January, 2017CSC Proprietary and Confidential
Pepper the first robot that read emotions–
Already in use for shops and trade fairs
37. 37January, 2017CSC Proprietary and Confidential
Agenda
• Gartner Hypecycle
• Watson & other Services
• What is cognitive? - Basics
• Influence of the “Cognitive Era” on
our professional life (Discussion)
39. 39January, 2017CSC Proprietary and Confidential
Outlook and abstract
Cognitive
Services
Watson/
Cortana/ Alexa
Services
Future of
Artificial
Intelligence
41. 41January, 2017CSC Proprietary and Confidential
Quellen
• Gartner Hype Cycle
• http://www-05.ibm.com/de/watson/index.html
• IBM Watson Academy
• https://www.ibm.com/watson/developercloud/project-intu.html
• IBM Watson Developer Conference, November 2016, San Francisco
• How to Make Intelligent Robots That Understand the World | Danko
Nikolić | TED
• http://www.slideshare.net/DankoNikolic1/how-data-science-works-
and-how-can-customers-help
• https://www.microsoft.com/cognitive-services/en-us/apis
• http://www.economist.com/technology-quarterly/2017-01-07