Vegetation Introduction , Basic Trees and Description of trees and plants that are common in Pakistan

2. Assignment
Vegetation Of Pakistan
Department Of Botany
University Of Sargodha

3. Vegetation
• Naturally occurring plants in a particular region.
• Developed, naturalized or existed for many years in an
area.
• Part of natural landscape of that area due to:
– Evolution
– Seed dispersal by birds, animals, wind, or water.
• Many native plants are very beautiful but underused in
landscape or as cut flowers.

4. Vegetation Of Pakistan
• Diversity of flora and climate of comparable size
• 6000 native species of flowering plants reported in Flora
of Pakistan found wildly in different phytogeographical
regions
• Acclimatized well in our regions
• Easily grow with minimal care and less water, fertilizer
and pesticide.
• The only need is to collect and commercialize them.
• Patent Rights and registration

5. Gwarikh (Wild Tulip)
Tulipa uniflora• B.N:
• Family: Liliaceae
• Diagnostic features
Herb annual, bulbiferous, 2-6 strap shape
waxy leaves, 12-20 inch plant, cup shape flower, 3
sepals, 5 petals, red and yellow of colors
• Habitat
Climate with long cool spring and dry
summers, Dormancy period, 3-4ft deep
• Distribution
Salt range and Baluchistan (Quetta)
• Importance
Cut flower, bedding plant, salad, bulbs for
cooking, dry bulb powder

6. Jangli Piaz (football lily)
• B.N:
• Family:
Allium capsicum
Liliaceae
• Diagnostic features
Herbs annual, bulbiferous, 2-6 strap shape
leaves, 12-20 inch plant, Umbel flower, like foot
ball, purple in colour
• Habitat
Climate with long cool spring and dry
summers, Dormancy period, 3-4ft deep
• Distribution
Salt range and Baluchistan (Quetta)
• Importance
Cut flower, bedding plant, salad, bulbs for
cooking, medicine

7. Karoskai
• B.N:
• Family:
Berberis baluchistanica
Berberidaceae
• Diagnostic features
Perennial shrub, lobed leaves, cluster of
flowers in yellow colour
Habitat
dry regions
• Distribution
Baluchistan, Punjab
• Importance
Ornamental plant, antibacterial, treatments
of Escherichia coli, stimulate digestion, reduce
gastrointestinal pains

8. Poppy (post)
Papaver dubium
Papaveraceae
• B.N:
• Family:
• Diagnostic features
Herbs annual, pinnately lobed leaves,
solitary cup shape flower, red in colour
• Habitat
Subtropical, temperate well drained soil
• Distribution
Baluchistan, northern areas
• Importance
Landscape plant, tea, oil, extracted from
the seeds, used by artists as a medium for colours,
red dye, drugs, medicine

9. Somlatha
Ephedra distachya
Ephedraceae
• B.N:
• Family:
• Diagnostic features
Evergreen shrub growing to 1 m,
Branchlets green, ascending, striate, smooth,
flowers cluster obtuse
Habitat
Semi-desert and desert regions
Distribution
provincial flower of the Balochistan
Importance
ornamental, tea, treatment of asthma, hay
fever, and the common cold, relieve acute
muscular pains

10. Gul-e-Nargis (Wild Narcissus)
• B.N:
• Family:
Narcissus poeticus
Amaryllidaceae
• Diagnostic features
Herbs perennial, bulbiferous, Leaves
basal, linear, 12-20 inch plant, hollow stem,
actinomorphic solitary flower, white and yellow,
• Habitat
Temperate climate, Dormancy period,
low marshes to rocky hillsides
Distribution
Northern areas, Murree, Islambad,
Importance
Cut flower, bedding plant, fragrant, salad,
bulbs for cooking, medicine

11. (Wild Iris)
• B.N:
• Family:
Iris hookeriana
Iridaceae
• Diagnostic features
Herbs perennial, bulbiferous, 2-6 strap
shape waxy leaves, 12-20 inch plant, blue and
white solitary flowers
• Habitat
Temperate to subtropical, alpine measows
• Distribution
Murree, Islambad, Hazara, Chitral
• Importance
Cut flower, bedding plant, salad, bulbs for
cooking, juice for cosmetics,

12. Monks hood
• B.N:
• Family:
Aconitum chasmanthum
Ranunculaceae
• Diagnostic features
Tall herb perennial, leaves 3-lobed with
coarse sharp teeth, 2 to 4 petal blue flowers, 3-5
carples
Habitat
Temperate, moisture-retentive but well-
draining soils
• Distribution
Kashmir, Kaghan, Chitral, Gilgit in august
• Importance
Landscape plant, roots provide poison, use
for hunting, use in medicines

13. Delphinium
• B.N:
• Family:
Delphinium roylei
Ranunculaceae
• Diagnostic features
4 m tall herb perennial, leaves deeply
lobed , blue flowers, erect racemed inflorence,
Habitat
Temperate, well-draining soils
• Distribution
Sawat, Hazara, Kaghan, Chitral, Murree in august,
plains of punjab in march
• Importance
Landscape plant, Cut flower, roots provide
poison, treat intestinal worms, as a sedative to
cause relaxation.

14. Granny's Bonnet
• B.N:
• Family:
Aquilegia fragrans
Ranunculaceae
• Diagnostic features
Herb perennial, leaves compound, solitary
flowers, purple, white, blue nodding
Habitat
Temperate, meadows, wetlands
• Distribution
Sawat, Hazara,, Chitral, Murree in august,
Importance
Landscape plant, flowers are sweets use in
salads, tea, treatment of affections of the nervous
system

15. Butter cup
• B.N:
• Family:
Ranunculus acris
Ranunculaceae
• Diagnostic features
Annual herb, lobed leaves, solitary
flowers, yellow, white, red etc,
Habitat
Temperate, high alpine environments
• Distribution
Sawat, Hazara, Chitral, Murree in august,
Importance
Landscape plant, cut flower, ongoing
(chronic) skin problems, nerve pain and
bronchitis.

16. Peony
Paeonia emodi
Paeoniaceae
• B.N:
• Family:
• Diagnostic features
50 cm tall shrub, white and yellow flowers
solitary, 10 petals,
• Habitat
Moist, shady slopes
Distribution
Chitral, Sawat, kaghan, Hazara, Kashmir
Importance
Ornamental plants, medicinal plant used in
the treatment of hypertension, asthma, uterine
diseases, used as an anticoagulant.

17. Sophora
Saphora mollis
Fabaceae
• B.N:
• Family:
• Diagnostic features
Small tree, yellow flowers in clusters,
seeds pods are like legumes
• Habitat
Temperate, subtropical, shady areas
• Distribution
Salt range, Islambad, Murree, Naran,
Kaghan, Chitral
Importance
ornamental plant, woody cut flower,
hedge, screening, specimen plant

18. Blue Ppppy
Meconopsis aculeate
Papaveraceae
• B.N:
• Family:
• Diagnostic features
Prickly perennial herb, 40-60 cm tall,
radical leaves, solitary cup shape flower, blue in
colour
• Habitat
Temperate, shade, alpine rocks, steep
places
• Distribution
Hazara, Gilgit, Chitral, Sawat
Importance
Natural landscape plant, ornamental plant,
anti-inflammatory

19. Musk Rose
Rosa brunonii
Rosaceae
• B.N:
• Family:
• Diagnostic features
Shrub with usually climbing stems up to
10 m long, narrowly ovate leaves, serrated
margins, flowers in cluster, white,
• Habitat
Temperate, marshy araes
• Distribution
Murree, Northern areas of pakistan
Importance
ornamental plant, hips tea, oil,

20. Azalea
Rhododendron ponticum
Ericaceae
• B.N:
• Family:
• Diagnostic features
small tree growing to 5 m, leaves are
evergreen, 6 to 18 cm long and 2 to 5 cm, violet-
purple flower, with small greenish-yellow spots
• Habitat
Temperate, alpine
Distribution
provincial flower of the Azad jammu
Kashmir, Murree, Kaghan Valley
Importance
ornamental tree, rootstock, toxic

21. Chir
Pinus roxburghaii
Pinaceae
• B.N:
• Family:
• Diagnostic features
30–50 m long tree, bark is red-brown,
scales, male and female cone
• Habitat
Temperate, slopes mountains,
• Distribution
North-West Frontier Province, Azad
Kashmir, Margalla Hills, Islamabad, Murree
Importance
Natural landscape plant, ornamental plant,
timber, fuel, furniture

22. Juniper
Juniperus excelsa
Cupressaceae
• B.N:
• Family:
• Diagnostic features
6–20 metres tall tree, broadly conical to
rounded or irregular crown, needle-like leaves,
cones are berry-like
Habitat
Temperate, slopes mountains,
• Distribution
North-West Frontier Province, Azad
Kashmir, Margalla Hills, Islamabad, Murree
Importance
Natural landscape plant, ornamental plant,
timber, fuel, furniture, seed and leave oil

23. Silver Fir
Abies pindrow
Pinaceae
• B.N:
• Family:
• Diagnostic features
40–60 metres talltree, conical crown with
level branches, greyish-pink needle leaves, cones
• Habitat
Temperate, hills, slopes mountains,
• Distribution
North-West Frontier Province, Azad
Kashmir, Margalla Hills, Islamabad, Murree
Importance
Natural landscape plant, ornamental plant,
timber, fuel, furniture

24. Deodar
Cedrus deodara
Pinaceae
• B.N:
• Family:
• Diagnostic features
40–50 metres tall tree, conical crown with
level and drooping branches, bright green to
glaucous blue-green needle leaves, cones
• Habitat
Temperate, hills, slopes mountains,
• Distribution
North-West Frontier Province, Islamabad,
Murree
Importance
Natural landscape plant, ornamental plant,
timber, fuel, furniture

25. Chinar
Platanus orientalis
Platanaceae
• B.N:
• Family:
• Diagnostic features
30 m tall tree, spreading crown. Maple like
deeply lobed leaves, cones
• Habitat
Temperate, hills, slopes mountains,
• Distribution
North-West Frontier Province, Islamabad,
Murree
Importance
ornamental plant, timber, fuel, furniture,
construction, roofing

26. Whorl flower
Morina longifolia
Morinaceae
• B.N:
• Family:
• Diagnostic features
evergreen Perennial growing to 0.6 m,
flowers are hermaphrodite, leaves have spines
Habitat
open slopes, sami shade
Distribution
provincial flower of the NWFP
Importance
ornamental, stem, leaves and flowers are
used in the treatment of stomach disorders such as
indigestion giving rise to vomiting and nausea.

27. Bhekkar
Justicia adhatoda
Acanthaceae
• B.N:
• Family:
• Diagnostic features
Shrub with lance-shaped leaves 10 to 15
cm, oppositely arranged, smooth-edged, and borne
on short petioles, white flowers
Habitat
Subtropical, Dry plains
• Distribution
provincial flower of the Punjab
Importance
Ornamental, leaves contain alkaloids,
bronchodilator, acting as a respiratory stimulant to
help breathing issues.

28. Water crowfoots
• B.N:
• Family:
Batrachium trichophyllum
Ranunculaceae
• Diagnostic features
Aquatic , needle like leaves, white and
yellow flower, 5 petals
• Habitat
wetlands, ponds
• Distribution
Northern Punjab, NWFP, northern
Baluchistan
Importance
Part of natural landscape, water gardens

29. Water lily
• B.N:
• Family:
Nymphaea mexicana
Nymphaeaceae
• Diagnostic features
Aquatic , sub orbicular leaves floating on
water level, white yellow flowers,
• Habitat
fresh water
• Distribution
Punjab, Sindh, Kashmir
• Importance
Part of natural landscape, water gardens,
symbol, antiseptic, treatment of diarrhea, sedative
effect on the nervous system

30. Kanwal (Lotus)
• B.N:
• Family:
Nelumbo nucifera
Nymphaeaceae
• Diagnostic features
Aquatic , orbicular leaves above the water
level, white pink flowers,
• Habitat
wetlands, ponds
• Distribution
Punjab, Sindh
• Importance
Part of natural landscape, water gardens,
edible, salads, fibers, symbol

31. Water hyacinth
• B.N:
• Family:
Eichhornia crassipes
Pontederiaceae
• Diagnostic features
Aquatic , sub orbicular leaves floating on
water level, light purple solitary flowers,
• Habitat
Mashie areas, ponds
• Distribution
Punjab, provisional flower of Sindh,
Kashmir
• Importance
Part of natural landscape, water gardens,
symbol, poisonous, use in medicine

32. Lantana
Lantana camara
Verbenaceae
• B.N:
• Family:
• Diagnostic features
small perennial shrub which can grow to
around 2m in height, small tubular shaped flowers
4 petals, make cluster, leaves are egg-shaped have
hairs
• Habitat
subtropical, full sun
Distribution
Punjab, drought areas of Baluchistan
Importance
ornamental plant, leaves are boiled and
applied for swellings and pain of the body. Bark is
use as lotion for skin diseases

33. Jangli Khajoor
Phoenix sylvestris
Arecaceae
• B.N:
• Family:
• Diagnostic features
4 to 15 m in heighted tree, leaves are 3 m
long, gently recurved, inflorescence grows to 1m
with white, unisexual flowers, fruit ripens to a
purple-red colour
• Habitat
Subtropical, dry areas
• Distribution
Sindh, Punjab
Importance
ornamental plant, fruit, mates, bags

34. Kair
Capparis decidua
Capparaceae
• B.N:
• Family:
• Diagnostic features
small much branched tree or shrub,
Leaves present on young twigs, orange to brick
red colour flowers, spines
• Habitat
desert, dry conditions,
• Distribution
Thal deserts, Dry regions of Punjab
Importance
ornamental plant, fruit in pickles, as
vegetable, folk medicine,

35. Fig ( angeer)
• Figs are soft sweet fruits, full of small seeds and often eaten
dried. They grow on trees. Fresh figs are delicious and jams
and chutneys are often made from them. The skin of a fig is
very thin and ripe figs do not keep or travel very well so in
warm countries figs are dried. -

36. Date Pam ( Khajjor)
• The Date Palm is a tree. It has been cultivated for a
very long time because of its edible fruit. This fruit is
called date. The tree is between 15m and 25m high.
It has long leaves that look like feathers

37. Coco nut Narial)
• The Coconut palm is a type of palm tree. It is a part
of the FamilyArecaceae (palm family). It is a large
palm, growing to 30 m tall. It has leavesthat are 4–6
m long. The term coconut refers to the fruit of the
coconut palm. The coconut tree is amonocot.

38. Grape vines ( Angoor)
• Grapes grow in bunches on vines. On the inside, they are
sweet, juicy and jelly-like. Green grapes are also called white
grapes and are dried to make sultanas. Purple ones can be
called black grapes and are dried to make raisins. There are
red grapes too - red grape juice tastes totally delicious! -

39. Lychee
• The fresh fruit has a "delicate, whitish pulp" with a
floral smell and a fragrant, sweet flavor. Since this
perfume-like flavor is lost in the process of canning,
the fruit is usually eaten fresh.

40. Loquat
• Succulent, tangy and sweet, wonderfully
delicious loquat fruit is rich in vitamins,
minerals, and anti-oxidants. This unique fruit
is originated in the mountainous .

41. Longan
• Longan is also called dragon's eye because of
the white pulp and single black seed.
•

42. Lime
• Lime, (Citrus aurantifolia), tree widely grown in tropical and
subtropical areas and its edible acid fruits. The tree seldom
grows more than 5 m (16 feet) high and if not pruned
becomes shrublike. Its branches spread and are irregular, with
short, stiff twigs, small leaves, and many small, sharp thorn

43. Quince
• The quince (/ˈkwɪns/; Cydonia oblonga) is the sole member of
the genus Cydonia in the familyRosaceae (which also
containsapples and pears, among other fruits). It is a
small deciduoustree that bears a pome fruit,

44. Pomelo
• Citrus maxima (or Citrus grandis), (Common
names: shaddock,[1]pomelo, pummelo,pommelo,pa
mplemousse orshaddok) is an originalcitrus fruit,
with the look of a big grapefruit, native
to South and Southeast Asia.

45. The End