Spatial fields -- Metadata workshop

Metadata
Workshop
Feb. 12, 2016
Rue Principale
Yvoire, France
Img_001
Emily Lapworth, MLS
Marina Georgieva, MLIS
Silvia Southwick, PhD

Activities
• Each image has an unique number
corresponding to a row in your Quiz sheet
• Each image has metadata pieces such as
landmark, town/city, state, county, etc.
• Assign the pieces of metadata for each image to
the most appropriate fields in the Quiz sheet
• Accommodate all the given metadata pieces in
the fields if possible
• Do not worry about the controlled vocabularies
at this point

• Spatial coverage
…Use to state the place or area that is described or represented by the
resource, not the place where the resource was published...
• Site name
…This filed indicates the name of the place where the photo was taken…
• Address 1 (#, street)
…This field refers to the street address of the site. It does not need to be
complete – enter what is known...
• Address 2
…This specifies the hierarchy of the location of the site. The data should be
entered as explained in the Spatial Coverage, i.e., indicate all terms of the
hierarchy found in TGN, starting from the smallest place where the site is
situated and ending with the name of the nation…
Some theory
Excerpt from PHO IndexGuidelines_v2.0

Goals
• To become familiar with the appropriate usage of
the spatial fields
– Spatial coverage
– Site name
– Address 1 (#, street)
– Address 2
• To learn the specific usage guidelines for each of
the fields
• To learn the specific CV used for each of the fields
• To distinguish among fields and avoid redundancy
of metadata pieces

Let’s practice…
Las Vegas, NV
Img_002

Let’s practice…
Old Fort Building
Las Vegas, NV
Img_003

Let’s practice…
Clark County Fair
Las Vegas, NV
Img_004

Let’s practice…
The Earl Home
Bunkerville, NV
Img_005

Let’s practice…
Yuma, AZ
Img_006

Let’s practice…
Golden Gate Bridge
San Francisco, CA
Img_007

Let’s practice…
Vegas Creek
Las Vegas, NV
Img_008

Let’s practice…
Carver House Hotel
and Casino
Las Vegas, NV
Img_009

Let’s practice…
Flamingo Hilton Hotel
3555 S Las Vegas Blvd
Las Vegas, NV
Img_010

Let’s practice…
Echo Canyon
Pioche, Lincoln County
Img_011

Let’s practice…
Las Vegas, NV
Img_012

Let’s practice…
Las Vegas, NV
Img_013

The Strip
Las Vegas, NV
Img_014
Credits: activerain.com
Let’s practice…

Let’s practice…
Old Meeting House
Bunkerville, NV
Img_015

Let’s practice…
Desert Inn Hotel
Las Vegas, NV
Img_016

Let’s practice…
http://d.library.unlv.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/sky/id/2222/rec/1
1414 Maria Elena Dr.
Paradise Palms
Las Vegas, NV
Img_017

Let’s practice…
Dunes Hotel and Country Club
Las Vegas Blvd.
Las Vegas, NV
Img_018

The Strip
Las Vegas, NV
Img_019
Let’s practice…

Let’s practice…
Las Vegas, NV
Img_020

Let’s practice…
Del Webb's Nevada Club
Las Vegas, NV
Img_021

Let’s practice…
Stardust Hotel
Las Vegas, NV
Img_022
Postcard

Sorry, finding the appropriate metadata field is not exact science 
Sometimes you need to rely on your best judgment and do extensive
research.
• Spatial coverage
– Answers the question “What is the image about? A place, an object or a person? Would
you like to get this image if you search for a location?”. If it’s about a place and you want
to get this image, the location goes in this field.
– It hosts geographic features as lakes, rivers, mountains if they are prominent objects
captured on the photo.
– It hosts also manmade objects as bridges, dams, etc.
• Site name
– Consider if the location is significant to be added to the local CV. What are the chances to
come across this building again? If it’s a casino, hotel, convention center etc. (buildings of
local significance) definitely put it here.
– See (1) Flamingo Hilton Hotel (Las Vegas, Nev.) and (2) The Strip (Las Vegas, Nev.)
example
Summary [1 of 2]

Summary [2 of 2]
• Address 1
– Very straightforward – any streets would go in here. Don’t worry if you don’t know the
number. Put here street address of the building at the moment the image was captured,
not the current address.
• Address 2
– Use it when you can’t use Spatial coverage, but you know the city/state/country
– Use it in combination with Spatial coverage in cases when the pieces of metadata are
different
– See (1) Golden Gate Bridge, (2) Echo Canyon and (3) Vegas Creek examples

Helpful tips
• Avoid redundant information – if you put metadata in Spatial
coverage field, don’t repeat it in Address 2 field if it’s the same!
• If you know the location name and it doesn’t qualify for Spatial
coverage, you must put it in Address 2. Don’t skip it!
• When wondering if an object goes in Site name, consider if it is
significant enough to be put in the local CV or we may never come
across the same building again
• When describing residential homes, don’t put them in Site name
as they are not significant for the city. Use Address 1 and Address
2 instead

• Three of the discussed fields must use CVs
• Controlled vocabularies and fields
– Spatial coverage: TGN or Geonames
– Site name: Local CV
– Address 1: [free text] 
– Address 2: TGN
• Only metadata managers can approve and add
terms in the CVs
• Submit a request for term addition if you don’t
find it readily available in the CVs
For more information about CVs and fields always refer to
PHO IndexGuidelines_v2.0
Controlled Vocabularies

• Example for TGN normalized term
– Yuma (inhabited place), Yuma (county), Arizona
(state), United States (nation)
• Example for Geonames term normalized
according to TGN structure
– Golden Gate Bridge (bridge), San Francisco (county),
California (state), United States (nation)
• Example for local CV term
– Old Meeting House (Bukerville, Nev.)
Examples

• Please look at the Quiz answers (controlled
terms) to see how the metadata looks like when
it’s normalized.
• These are examples from our workshop today
Examples

1
Quiz answers (not-controlled)
These answers don’t conform to the PHO IndexGuidelines_v2.0. They simply
illustrate how the metadata is distributed among the appropriate fields.
For information how it will look like when normalized according to the
Guidelines, please refer to Quiz answers (controlled terms).
Metadata workshop
Feb. 12, 2016
Image # Spatial coverage Site name Address 1 Address 2 Notes
Img_001
title page
Yvoire, France Rue Principale X
No Address 2 to avoid
redundancy
Img_002 Las Vegas, NV
The image is about
the house, not about
Las Vegas, NV
Img_003 Old Fort Building Las Vegas, NV
Consider if it’s worth
the effort to put Old
Fort in local CV. If not,
leave it out.
Is it Fair as event or a
fairground?
If it’s fairground
consider if it’s
significant place in LV,
before you add if to
Site name CV.
Img_005 Bunkerville, NV
No house name as it’s
not famous building
Img_006 Yuma, AZ
The image is about
the bridge, not about
the city that’s why we
don’t put in Spatial
coverage

2
Img_007 Golden Gate Bridge
San Francisco,
CA
Golden Gate Bridge is
a manmade object
and it’s the most
prominent object on
the image. It goes in
Spatial coverage field.
Img_008 Vegas Creek Las Vegas, NV
Putting the creek in
Spatial coverage
because it is the most
prominent element in
the picture and it’s
also a geographic
feature.
Img_009
Carver House
Hotel and Casino
Las Vegas, NV
Site name indicates
where the image was
taken, It’s about the
people, not about the
place
Img_010
Flamingo Hilton
Hotel
3555 S Las Vegas
Blvd
Las Vegas, NV
Nothing in Spatial
coverage as this photo
is about the hotel, not
about the city
Img_011 Echo Canyon
Pioche, Lincoln
County
Geographic feature
prominently captured
on the photo
Img_012 Las Vegas, NV X
It’s all about the
place!
redundancy
For portraits, it
doesn’t really matter
where they were
taken, but if we know
the location, put it in
Address 1

3
Img_014 Las Vegas, NV The Strip
It’s hard to decide if
it’s about the girl or
about the place. Use
your best judgment.
Do you want to get
this image if you
perform search for
LV?
A thing to consider is
if the person is
famous or of historical
significance. If it’s just
an anonymous person
like in this example,
put the city in Spatial
coverage
Img_015
Old Meeting
House (Bukerville,
NV)
Bunkerville, NV
Is the house
significant enough to
go into Site name?
Img_016 Desert Inn Hotel Las Vegas, NV
The image was taken
there, so the hotel
name must go in Site
name
Img_017 Paradise Palms
1414 Maria Elena
Dr.
Las Vegas, NV
No Spatial coverage as
this is not about the
city.
Paradise Palms goes in
Site name as place
where image was
taken
Img_018
Dunes Hotel and
Country Club
Las Vegas Blvd. Las Vegas, NV
No Spatial coverage as
this is not about the
city.
Img_019 Las Vegas, NV The Strip Las Vegas Blvd. X
It’s about the city and
its landmarks.
redundancy
Img_020 The Strip Las Vegas Blvd. Las Vegas, NV
It’s about the sign, not
about the city. We
don’t see anything
from the city.

4
Img_021
Del Webb’s
Nevada Club
Las Vegas, NV
It’s about the sign, not
about the city. We
don’t see anything
from the city.
Img_022 Stardust Hotel Las Vegas, NV
The postcard is
advertising the hotel
and is not about the
city.

1
Quiz answers (controlled terms)
Some examples that illustrate how the metadata in the discussed fields will look
like after being normalized according to the PHO IndexGuidelines_v2.0
Metadata workshop
Feb. 12, 2016
Img_001
title page
Yvoire (inhabited
place), Rhone-Alpes
(region), France
(nation)
Rue Principale X
Spatial coverage term
follows TGN encoding
scheme.
Address 1 doesn’t
require encoding
scheme, so we put all
that we have in free
text.
Img_003
Old Fort Building
(Las Vegas, Nev.)
Las Vegas
(inhabited
place), Clark
(county),
Nevada (state),
United States
(nation)
Address 2 field
requires TGN scheme.
Site name follow a
local CV. Due to the
generic nature of the
site, we put Las Vegas,
Nev. to distinguish it
from the others.
Img_005
Bunkerville
(inhabited
place), Clark
(county),
Nevada (state),
United States
(nation)
Address 2 field
Img_006
Yuma
(inhabited
place), Yuma
(county),
Arizona (state),
United States
(nation)
Address 2 field

2
Img_007
Golden Gate Bridge
(bridge), San
Francisco (county),
California (state),
United States
(nation)
San Francisco
(inhabited
place), San
Francisco
(county),
California
(state), United
States (nation)
Spatial coverage
requires TGN or
Geonames if the term
is not in TGN.
This is an example of
name coming from
Geonames, but
following the
structure of TGN.
In this example we
would put the city in
Address 2 as it differs
from the object. The
field requires TGN.
Img_008
Vegas Creek (creek),
Clark (county),
Nevada (state),
United States
(nation)
Las Vegas
(inhabited
place), Clark
(county),
Nevada (state),
United States
(nation)
scheme.
Address 2 field
Img_009
Carver House
Hotel and Casino
(Las Vegas, Nev.)
Las Vegas
(inhabited
place), Clark
(county),
Nevada (state),
United States
(nation)
Site name requires
local CV. This term is
not there yet…
Address 2 field

3
Img_010
Flamingo Hilton
Hotel (Las Vegas,
Nev.)
3555 S Las Vegas
Blvd.
Las Vegas
(inhabited
place), Clark
(county),
Nevada (state),
United States
(nation)
Site name requires
not there yet…
Address 1 doesn’t
require encoding
text.
Address 2 field
Img_011
Echo Canyon (valley),
Lincoln (county),
Nevada (state),
United States
(nation)
Pioche
(inhabited
place), Lincoln
(county),
Nevada (state),
United States
(nation)
Both Spatial coverage
and Address 2 field
require TGN scheme.
Img_014
Las Vegas (inhabited
place), Clark
(county), Nevada
(state), United States
(nation)
The Strip (Las
Vegas, Nev.)
scheme.
Site name requires
not there yet…
Img_015
Old Meeting
House (Bukerville,
Nev.)
Bunkerville
(inhabited
place), Clark
(county),
Nevada (state),
United States
(nation)
Site name requires
not there yet…
Address 2 field
Img_016
Desert Inn Hotel
(Las Vegas, Nev.)
Las Vegas
(inhabited
place), Clark
(county),
Nevada (state),
United States
(nation)
Site name requires
not there yet…
Address 2 field

4
Img_017
Paradise Palms
(Las Vegas, Nev.)
1414 Maria Elena
Dr.
Las Vegas
(inhabited
place), Clark
(county),
Nevada (state),
United States
(nation)
Site name requires
not there yet…
Address 1 doesn’t
require encoding
text.
Address 2 field

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