Chapter 1 - INTRODUCTION TO PYTHON -MAULIK BORSANIYA

What is Python ?
Python is a simple, easy to learn, powerful, high level and object-
oriented programming language.
Python is an interpreted scripting language also. Guido Van Rossum
is known as the founder of python programming.
Introduction to Python
It covers the topics such as python programming, features, history,
versions, how to install, example, how to execute, variables,
keywords, identifiers, literals, operators and comments.
Copied -Prof. Maulik Borsaniya

Control Statement
The control statement in python covers if
statement, for loop, while loop, do while loop,
break statement, continue statement and pass
statement.
Python Strings
The string chapter in python provides the full
functionality to work on strings such as accessing
string, applying string operators, details of slice
notation, applying different functions etc.

Python Tuples
A sequence of immutable objects is known as tuple, it covers accessing
tuple, adding tuple, replicating tuple, updating tuple etc.
Python Dictionary
The python dictionary provides details about dictionary operations.
Python Functions
It provides a list of python functions with its implementations.
Python Files I/O
How to write data into file and read data from file in python?
Python Modules
What is python module? What are the usage of modules?
Python Exceptions
It explains the errors and exceptions in python.

• Python Introduction
• Python is a general purpose, dynamic, high level and interpreted
programming language. It supports Object Oriented programming
approach to develop applications. It is simple and easy to learn
and provides lots of high-level data structures.
• Python is easy to learn yet powerful and versatile scripting
language which makes it attractive for Application Development.
• Python's syntax and dynamic typing with its interpreted nature,
makes it an ideal language for scripting and rapid application
development.
• Python supports multiple programming pattern, including object
oriented, imperative and functional or procedural programming
styles.

Python is not intended to work on special area such as
web programming. That is why it is known
as multipurpose because it can be used with web,
enterprise, 3D CAD etc.
We don't need to use data types to declare variable
because it is dynamically typed so we can write a=10 to
assign an integer value in an integer variable.
Python makes the development and
debugging fast because there is no compilation step
included in python development and edit-test-debug
cycle is very fast.

Python Features
1) Easy to Learn and Use
Python is easy to learn and use. It is developer-friendly and high level programming
language.
2) Expressive Language
Python language is more expressive means that it is more understandable and readable.
3) Interpreted Language
Python is an interpreted language i.e. interpreter executes the code line by line at a time.
This makes debugging easy and thus suitable for beginners.
4) Cross-platform Language
Python can run equally on different platforms such as Windows, Linux, Unix and Macintosh
etc. So, we can say that Python is a portable language.
5) Free and Open Source
Python language is freely available at offical web address.The source-code is also available.
Therefore it is open source.

6) Object-Oriented Language
Python supports object oriented language and concepts of classes
and objects come into existence.
7)Extensible
It implies that other languages such as C/C++ can be used to compile
the code and thus it can be used further in our python code.
8) Large Standard Library
Python has a large and broad library and provides rich set of module
and functions for rapid application development.
9) GUI Programming Support
Graphical user interfaces can be developed using Python.
10) Integrated
It can be easily integrated with languages like C, C++, JAVA etc.Copied -Prof. Maulik Borsaniya

Python History
Python laid its foundation in the late 1980s.
The implementation of Python was started in the December 1989 by Guido Van
Rossum at CWI in Netherland.
In February 1991, van Rossum published the code (labeled version 0.9.0) to
alt.sources.
In 1994, Python 1.0 was released with new features like: lambda, map, filter, and
reduce.
Python 2.0 added new features like: list comprehensions, garbage collection
system.
On December 3, 2008, Python 3.0 (also called "Py3K") was released. It was
designed to rectify fundamental flaw of the language.
ABC programming language is said to be the predecessor of Python language
which was capable of Exception Handling and interfacing with Amoeba OperatingCopied -Prof. Maulik Borsaniya

Python Version

Python Application Area
1) Web Applications
2) Desktop GUI Applications
3) Software Development
4) Scientific and Numeric
5) Business Applications
6) Console Based Application
7) Audio or Video based Applications
8) 3D CAD Applications
9) Enterprise Applications
10) Applications for Images

Simple Demo Program
• print("hello world by python!")
Execute this example by using following
command.
Python hello.py
• OR
>>> a="Welcome To Python"
>>> print a
Welcome To Python

S
Simple Variable
Declaration

Variable Declaration
x=5……………..(1)
X=y=z=50…………….(2)
a,b,c=5,10,15……………..(3)

Tokens
• Tokens can be defined as a punctuator mark,
reserved words and each individual word in a
statement.
• Token is the smallest unit inside the given
program.
• There are following tokens in Python:
• Keywords.
• Identifiers.
• Literals.
• Operators.

Tuples
Tuple is another form of collection where different type
of data can be stored.
It is similar to list where data is separated by commas.
Only the difference is that list uses square bracket and
tuple uses parenthesis.
Tuples are enclosed in parenthesis and cannot be
changed.

>>> tuple=('rahul',100,60.4,'deepak')
>>> tuple1=('sanjay',10)
>>> tuple ('rahul', 100, 60.4, 'deepak')
>>> tuple[2:] (60.4, 'deepak')
>>> tuple1[0] 'sanjay'
>>> tuple+tuple1 ('rahul', 100, 60.4, 'deepak', 'sanjay', 10)

Dictionary
Dictionary is a collection which works on a key-value pair.
It works like an associated array where no two keys can be same.
Dictionaries are enclosed by curly braces ({}) and values can be
retrieved by square bracket([]).
>>> dictionary={'name':'charlie','id':100,'dept':'it'}
>>> dictionary {'dept': 'it', 'name': 'charlie', 'id': 100}
>>> dictionary.keys()
['dept', 'name', 'id']
>>> dictionary.values()
['it', 'charlie', 100]

Python Keywords

List
List contain items of different data types. Lists are mutable i.e.,
modifiable.
The values stored in List are separated by commas(,) and enclosed
within a square brackets([]). We can store different type of data in a
List.
Value stored in a List can be retrieved using the slice operator([] and
[:]).
The plus sign (+) is the list concatenation and asterisk(*) is the
repetition operator.

>>> list=[‘Maulik',678,20.4,‘Ravi']
>>> list1=[456,‘Kalpesh']
list ['aman', 678, 20.4, 'saurav
>>> list+list1

Operator
Operators are particular symbols that are used to perform operations on
operands. It returns result that can be used in application.
Arithmetic Operators.
Relational Operators.
Assignment Operators.
Logical Operators.
Membership Operators.
Identity Operators.
Bitwise Operators.

Conditional Statement

year=2000
if year%4==0:
print "Year is Leap"
else:
print "Year is not Leap"

Chapter 1 - INTRODUCTION TO PYTHON -MAULIK BORSANIYA

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