This presentation is about Cardiovascular System. The anatomy & Physiology of cardiovascular system and some disease is include there.

1. PHYSIOLOGY &
ANATOMY
Md. Mehedi Hasan Shawon
Batch: 31st (D)
ID: 2018000300093
Department of Pharmacy
Southeast University
Banani, Dhaka

2. Cardiovascular System
The cardiovascular system is part of the larger circulatory system, which
circulates fluids throughout the body. The circulatory system includes both
the cardiovascular system and the lymphatic system. The cardiovascular
system moves blood throughout the body, and the lymphatic system
moves lymph, which is a clear fluid that’s similar to the plasma in blood.

3. Components of cardiovascular system
 Arteries
 Capillaries
 Veins
 Heart
 Blood

4. Arteries
The arteries are the blood vessels that deliver oxygen-rich blood
from the heart to the tissues of the body.
Structure
 The intima, the inner layer lined by a smooth tissue called
endothelium.
 The media, a layer of muscle that lets arteries handle the high
pressures from the heart.
 The adventitia, connective tissue anchoring arteries to nearby
tissues.
Function
Coronary arteries also aid the heart in pumping blood. Arteries
carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the tissues,
except for pulmonary arteries, which carry blood to the lungs for
oxygenation (usually veins carry deoxygenated blood to the heart
but the pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood as well as.

5. Capillaries are tiny blood vessels connecting arteries to veins.
These blood vessels carry oxygen and nutrients to individual
cells throughout the body.
Structure
 Thin, porous single layer.
 Capillary branching increases cross section area.
 Flow velocity inversely proportional to area, so broad
capillary beds have slow blood flow.
Function
They bring nutrients and oxygen to tissues and remove waste
products.
Capillaries

6. Veins are blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart.
Structure
 Veins are composed of layers of thin tissue and less
muscular.
Function
They are responsible for returning deoxygenated blood
back to the heart after arteries carry blood out. The vena
cava is the largest vein in the body. Veins have much
thinner walls than arteries.
Vein

7. Heart
The heart is a muscular organ, which pumps blood
through the blood vessels of the circulatory system.
Structure
The heart is divided into four chambers consisting of two
atria and two ventricles; the atria receive blood, while the
ventricles pump blood. The right atrium receives blood
from the superior and inferior vena cavas and the coronary
sinus; blood then moves to the right ventricle where it is
pumped to the lungs.
Function
 Left and right atria Chambers that receive blood
returning from your body through your veins
 Left and right ventricles chambers where blood is
pumped to your body through your arteries

8. Blood
Blood is a body fluid in humans and other animals that
delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and
oxygen to the cells.
Structure
Blood is actually a tissue. Blood is about 80% water
and 20% solid. more than 4,000 different kinds of
components in blood.
Function
 Supplying oxygen to cells and tissues
 Regulating acidity (pH) levels and body temperature

9. Cardiovascular disease:
Heart Attack
A Heart attack is a serious medical emergency in which the supply of blood to the heart is
suddenly blocked, usually by a blood clot. A Heart attack, also called a myocardial infraction.

10. Symptoms
1) Shortness of breath
2) A feeling of terror that life is ending
3) Face seeming gray in color
Causes
1) Smoking
2) Diabetes
3) High blood pressure

11. Diagnosis
1) ECG (Electrocardiography)
2) Blood test
3) CT Heart scan
4) Heart MRI
Treatment
This drug can be given blood thinning medication to prevent clots of developing,
such as:
1) Aspirin
2) Heparin
3) Clopidogel

12. Prevention
1) Eat healthy ,balanced diet
2) Avoid smoking & alcohol
3) Taking medications regularly
4) Being active and taking regular exercise.

13. Vascular disease
Vascular disease is any abnormal condition of the blood
vessels. The body uses blood vessels to circulate blood through
itself. Problems along this vast network can cause severe
disability and death.

14. Causes
1) high blood pressure.
2) smoking.
3) diabetes.
Symptoms
1) Painful cramping in one or both of your hips, thighs or calf
muscles after certain activities, such as walking or climbing stairs.
2) Leg numbness or weakness.
3) Coldness in your lower leg or foot, especially when compared with
the other side.

15. Treatment
Treatment goals for peripheral artery disease include:
1) Relieve the pain of intermittent claudication.
2) Prevent critical artery occlusion that can lead to foot ulcers,
gangrene, and amputation.
3) Prevent heart attacks and strokes.
Prevention
1) eating a healthy diet.
2) maintaining a healthy weight.
3) not smoking.
4) getting regular exercise.