1.
CC BY-SA 4.0 Ida Tietgen Høyrup
Merete Sanderhoff
Curator / Senior Advisor
Statens Museum for Kunst
@MSanderhoff
SHARING IS CARING
Facilitating re-use of the SMK collections
Artstor and AFSMK
New York, 5 May 2016

2.
About me
Research & Development
Advice on copyright and public domain
Standards and policies
at the national and European level
Facilitation of educational
and creative reuse

3.
CC BY-SA 4.0 Ida Tietgen Høyrup
About SMK
The National Gallery of Denmark
Western art from 1300 to the present
450,000 visitors a year
260,000 artworks
66 % in the public domain
27 % digitised

4.
2,000 artworks
on display

5.
Only 0.76 % of the collections
physically accessible

6.
”There is not a single physical space
where all our heritage can be shown,
but on the Internet you can.”
Lizzy Jongma
data manager, Rijksmuseum
http://pro.europeana.eu/files/Europeana_Professional/Publications/Democratising
%20the%20Rijksmuseum.pdf

7.
Today, we can offer online services that are
available from everywhere to anyone
seeking "to participate in the cultural life
of the community, to enjoy the arts and to
share in scientific advancement and its
benefits".
Article 27.1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

8.
Bildung ~ Building

9.
Galleries
Libraries
Archives
Museums
Open digitised collections
open up learning
http://openglam.org/

10.
Pioneers

11.
Great potentials
in open collections

12.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Night_Watch_(painting)
Rijksmuseum’s quality images
are preferred online

13.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_Nightwatch_by_Rembrandt.jpg
Rijksmuseum is key reference
for its own online collection

14.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_Nightwatch_by_Rembrandt.jpg
“So far 6,499 images from the
Rijksmuseum have been uploaded to
Wikimedia Commons (...)
2,175 of these images are currently used
in various Wikipedia articles.
These images have been shown
10,322,754 times to users visiting the
articles where the material is used.”
GLAM Open Access Case Studies, internal report to The Smithsonian Board of Directors, Effie
Kapsalis, June 2015

15.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_Nightwatch_by_Rembrandt.jpg
Flushing out poor copies

16.
SMK’s first digital strategy, 2009
We want to be a
catalyst for
users’ creativity

17.
25,000 images
for free download

18.
25,000 images
for free download
You may use the
images without
asking permission

19.
https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/

20.
What does it mean?

21.
Copyright is “a little coral reef
of private right jutting up from
the ocean of Public Domain.”
Paul Torremans, Copyright law: a handbook of contemporary research, 2007
Adam Olearius, "Oftt begehrte Beschreibung Der Newen Orienthalischen Reise [...]",
Schleswig 1647, KKSgb10873/28, SMK. Public Domain

22.
Works that are in the Public Domain in
analogue form continue to be in the Public
Domain once they have been digitised.
http://pro.europeana.eu/files/Europeana_Professional/Publications/Public%20Domain%20Charter%20-%20EN.pdf

23.
https://twitter.com/PUBDOMAINHULK
A growing public demand

24.
People will go elsewhere
to get images

25.
But wait…
aren’t we
making money
on images?

26.
"Everyone (…) wants to recoup costs but almost
none claimed to actually achieve or expected to
achieve this. Even those services that claimed to
recoup full costs generally did not account fully
for salary costs or overhead expenses.”
Reproduction charging models & rights policy for digital images in
American art museums, 2004
http://www.kdcs.kcl.ac.uk/fileadmin/documents/USMuseum_SimonTanner.pdf
Simon Tanner,
King’s College London

27.
Pioneer experiences
The Getty realized that the revenue they were collecting (about $45K in the
financial year of 2013) to license use of their images was outpaced by the
expense of doing so.

28.
Pioneer experiences
The Getty realized that the revenue they were collecting (about $45K in the
financial year of 2013) to license use of their images was outpaced by the
expense of doing so.
Yale Center for British Art images were never ‘a money-maker’.

29.
Pioneer experiences
The Getty realized that the revenue they were collecting (about $45K in the
financial year of 2013) to license use of their images was outpaced by the
expense of doing so.
Yale Center for British Art images were never ‘a money-maker’.
We lost all of our income on direct sales of images, but we gained a lot of
new friends, sponsors, and new funding streams (more than we lost from
revenue).
GLAM Open Access Case Studies, internal report to The Smithsonian Board of Directors, Effie Kapsalis, 2015

30.
What about
loss of control
and fear of misuse?

31.
Pioneer experiences
What greatly benefitted the Rijksmuseum is that other people started making new
creative works with the material and therefore promoting the museum on a larger
scale than they had ever been able to do themselves.

32.
Pioneer experiences
What greatly benefitted the Rijksmuseum is that other people started making new
creative works with the material and therefore promoting the museum on a larger
scale than they had ever been able to do themselves.
Wikipedia editors prefer to use trusted material provided by the cultural institutions
themselves to illustrate the articles they are editing. This greatly benefits both the
users who have a richer experience, and the cultural institution that reaches out to a
public far beyond the scope of its own website

33.
Pioneer experiences
What greatly benefitted the Rijksmuseum is that other people started making new
creative works with the material and therefore promoting the museum on a larger
scale than they had ever been able to do themselves.
Wikipedia editors prefer to use trusted material provided by the cultural institutions
themselves to illustrate the articles they are editing. This greatly benefits both the
users who have a richer experience, and the cultural institution that reaches out to a
public far beyond the scope of its own website.
We have lost almost all control, and it has been vital to our success.
Images of Works of Art in Museum Collections: The Experience of Open Access. A Study of
Eleven Museums. Prepared for the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation by Kristin Kelly, April 2013
Democratising the Rijksmuseum. Why did the Rijksmuseum make available their highest
quality material without restrictions, and what are the results? Joris Pekel, Europeana
Foundation, July 2014

34.
Staff of virtually every museum mentioned the goodwill and
recognition that have come with open access, as well as a sense
of satisfaction at helping to fulfill the mission of the institution.
(…) every museum reported increased website traffic and what
they considered a significant interest in the available images.
Website visit increases ranged from about 20 to 250 percent,
with many museums reporting increases of at least 100 percent.
Pioneer experiences
Images of Works of Art in Museum Collections: The Experience of Open Access. A Study of
Eleven Museums. Prepared for the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation by Kristin Kelly, April 2013

35.
Our collections are promiscuous!
Pieter Aertsen , The Fat Kitchen. An Allegory, SMK. Public domain

36.
SMK in Google Art

37.
SMK in Artstor
– and more to come

38.
SMK in SkoleTube

39.
SMK in Europeana

40.
http://pro.europeana.eu/publication/
publishing-framework

41.
Carl Bloch, Samson and the Philistines, 1863, SMK. Public domain
Re-use can be a struggle

42.
Professor of Digital Humanities
at UCL, and a great blogger!

43.
Nicolai Abildgaard, Caricature of a fat man carrying a large key in his left hand, undated drawing, SMK. Public Domain
Facilitation is key

44.
Three target groups
that are important to SMK
1. Learners in public schools
2. Creatives
3. Wikipedians

45.
Learners

46.
Collaboration with SkoleTube
Working with SkoleTube and educators from public
schools, SMK has co-created,
Didactic designs integrating open images
from SMK in specific learning processes
aligned with national curricula
3 SkoleTube channels – images, tutorials,
student productions
232 public school teachers currently using
the ressource in their classes

47.
Learning by doing

48.
CCBY 3.0 Frida Gregersen
Creatives

49.
CCBY 3.0 Frida Gregersen
Collaboration between the
Copenhagen Metro Company,
local citizens, and SMK art pilots

50.
CCBY 3.0 Frida Gregersen
Collections gain new value
outside the museum
in the hands of the public

51.
CCBY 3.0 Frida Gregersen

52.
CCBY 3.0 Frida Gregersen

53.
Makeover of injection room
Skyen / ‘The Cloud’
CCBY 4.0 ULK

54.
A space for drug users,
central Copenhagen
Open 23 hours
a day
700 drug intakes
a day
CCBY 4.0 ULK

55.
CCBY 4.0 ULK
Re-creating places / spaces
that the drug users dream of

56.
CCBY 4.0 ULK

57.
CCBY 4.0 ULK
The art pilots facilitate
improved social conditions
for the users

58.
‘Set art free’ event

59.
CC BY-SA 4.0 Ida Tietgen Høyrup
A celebration
of open collections
Remix exhibition
Culture Cam installation
VanGoYourself workshop
Wiki edit-a-thon
Animated GIF workshop
Performances
Film screenings
Artist talks
Art DJ’s

60.
Remix exhibition
13 artists and
designers were
invited to mix up
SMK’s collections

61.
The artists got to change
the museum for a weekend
CC BY-SA 4.0 Merete Sanderhoff

62.
Filip Vest, 22 Skies
CC BY-SA 4.0 Ida Tietgen Høyrup

63.
CC BY-SA 4.0 Ida Tietgen Høyrup
Their remixes ranged
from lasercut installations…

64.
CC BY-SA 4.0 Ida Tietgen Høyrup
…over tapestries,
fashion clothes, collages…

65.
Harald Slott-Møller, Danish landscape, 1891
Product of Public Domain

66.
CC BY-SA 4.0 Ida Tietgen Høyrup
Jamie Seaboch, Collage

67.
CC BY-SA 4.0 Ida Tietgen Høyrup
…to a pop-up version of a painting
with motorized moving light

68.
CC BY-SA 4.0 Ida Tietgen Høyrup
Kati Hyyppä, As light goes by

69.
CC BY-SA 4.0 Ida Tietgen Høyrup
Artists talks
- communicating remix culture

70.
CC BY-SA 4.0 Ida Tietgen Høyrup
Huge interest from the audience

71.
CC BY-SA 4.0 Ida Tietgen Høyrup
A unique meeting between new and old

72.
CC BY-SA 4.0 Ida Tietgen Høyrup
More than 6,000 people
joined the party

73.
Entry for short film competition
on womens’ rights
The Why Foundation
Film productions

74.
Product of Public Domain
CC BY-SA 4.0 Jonas Heide Smith
Design products

75.
Games

76.
CC BY-SA 4.0 Ida Tietgen Høyrup
Wikipedians

77.
Wikipedia loves
open images

78.
20 million page views
on Wikipedia in 2015

79.
Monthly Wiki Labs
- utilize open images
- learn to edit
- artist of the month

80.
Before

81.
After

82.
We provide free access
to our digitized collections.
Care to join?

83.
”Our role is still more to facilitate public use of
cultural heritage for learning, creativity, and
innovation.
Today, learning happens in reciprocity.
We are all a part of the web.
We shape each other.”
Mikkel Bogh
Director, SMK
http://bit.ly/1dMX0BJ

84.
Read more about
potentials and
deliberations of
opening up

85.
sharingiscaring.smk.dk

86.
Thank you.
Artstor and AFSMK
New York, 5 May 2016
CC BY-SA 4.0 Ida Tietgen Høyrup
Merete Sanderhoff
Curator / Senior Advisor
Statens Museum for Kunst
@MSanderhoff