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Balanced Scorecards As Management Toolkit Sourced from ITGI’s Introductory CobiT Presentation, ISACA’s Implementing CobiT for IT Management & Governance, CobiT IT Governance Implementation, IT Assurance and Val IT guides & frameworks and rooted in “ Linking the IT Balanced Scorecard to the Business Objectives at a Major Canadian Financial group” by ,[object Object]
Ronald Saull -   Information Services Divisions of Great-West Life, London Life, Investors Group
Steven De Haes -   University of Antwerp Management School (UAMS)  With thanks to R. Basham and M. Impey, there for me from the start.
What are Balance Scorecards ,[object Object],[object Object]
The BSC was created to provide an understanding of how intangible assets are used to create value. It measures performance from 3 leading perspectives - customers, internal processes and learning & growth – in addition to the traditional financial measures that describe value creation after it happens
Introduced by Kaplan and Norton in 1992 in response to their belief that the execution of strategy is the corporate challenge of our time
IT  Service Provider or Strategic Partner As Is To Be Service provider Strategic Partner IT for efficiency IT for business growth Budgets driven by external benchmarks Budgets driven by business strategy IT separable from the business IT inseparable from the business IT seen as an expense control  IT seen as an investment to manage IT managers as technical experts IT managers are business problem solvers
Scorecard Perspective & Mission Customer Orientation Corporate Contribution Perspective question Perspective question How should IT appear to business unit executives to be considered effective in delivering services How should IT appear to company executives & its corporate functions to be considered a significant contributor to company success Mission Mission Supplier of choice for all information services, directly & indirectly through supplier relations Business objectives enabler & contributor  via effective delivery of value added i-services Operational Excellence Future Orientation Perspective question Perspective question Which services & processes must IT excel at to satisfy stakeholders & clients IT to develop effective delivery & continuous performance enhancement Mission Mission Deliver timely & effective IT services @ targeted service level & costs Continuous performance improvement through innovation, learning & growth
IT Strategic Scorecard Universe
Scorecard Cascade
Sample IT Service Desk Metrics cascade  ,[object Object],[object Object]
overall resolution rate at initial call and
call abandonment rate (all three customer orientation metrics)  ,[object Object]
Other metrics of this unit scorecard, such as  ,[object Object]
Client satisfaction (customer orientation perspective),
Process maturity of incident management (operational excellence perspective) and
Staff turnover (future orientation perspective),  ,[object Object],The overall view of the IT strategic balanced scorecard is then fed into, and evaluated against, the defined business objectives.
Cause and Effect Scorecard Relationships
Generic SLM Cause & Effect Scorecard
Organisations will consider and use a variety of IT models, standards and best practices. These must be understood in order to consider how they can be used together, with C OBI T acting as the consolidator (‘umbrella’). C OBI T ISO 9000 ISO 17799 ITIL COSO WHAT HOW SCOPE OF COVERAGE CobiT alongside other Management Frameworks
IT Governance, COSO and CobiT focus areas Enterprise Governance IT Governance Best Practice Standards QA Procedures Processes and Procedures Drivers  ITIL
Where do BSC’s fit in Governance PERFORMANCE:  Business Goals CONFORMANCE Basel II, Sarbanes- Oxley Act, etc. Enterprise Governance IT Governance ISO  9001:2000 ISO   17799 ISO  20000 Best Practice Standards QA Procedures Processes and Procedures Drivers  C OBI T COSO Security  Principles ITIL   Balanced  Scorecard
Tracks to a Balanced Scorecard Working closely with Val IT, CobiT proposes two methods: ,[object Object],See CobiT 4.1 - Appendix 1 - pages 169 & on ,[object Object],To be found in each of the 34 CobiT 4.1 Processes. Resulting in a set of metric indicators that are the object of this presentation
Track 1, Example  Business goals to IT goals to IT Processes   AI 7 Install and Accredit Solutions and Changes   - Appendix 1 - p. 169
Mapping to CobiT v 4.1 from Appendix 1  - p. 169  AI 7   Install and Accredit Solutions and Changes
CobiT 4.1 replaces KGI & KPI with:  •   Outcome measures or Lag indicators   ex- KGIs, have the goals / results been met. •  Performance indicators or Lead indicators   ex-KPIs, will the goals be met. Track 2 exemple  CobiT 4.0 compared to CobiT 4.1 as seen from   AI 7   Install and Accredit Solutions and Changes CobiT 4.0 proposes key identifiers ,[object Object]
Process Goals
Performance
Process Input / Output and Goals & Metrics tables
The RACI Chart CobiT's Who does What As applied to AI7 - Install & Accredit Solutions & Change In this instance, Head of Development is both Accountable and Responsible regarding system conversion and integration tests on the test environment
Metrics driving AI 7 Install & Accredit Solutions & Change IT Metrics Lead indicators for Business objectives  /  Lag indicators for IT Process metrics ,[object Object]
% of systems that met expected benefits as measured by post-implementation process Process Metrics Lead indicators for IT Process Metrics  /  Lag indicators for Activity Metrics ,[object Object]
Amount of rework after implementation due to inadequate acceptance testing
Number of Service Desk calls from users due to inadequate training

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Balanced Scorecards IT Management

  • 1.
  • 2. Ronald Saull - Information Services Divisions of Great-West Life, London Life, Investors Group
  • 3. Steven De Haes - University of Antwerp Management School (UAMS) With thanks to R. Basham and M. Impey, there for me from the start.
  • 4.
  • 5. The BSC was created to provide an understanding of how intangible assets are used to create value. It measures performance from 3 leading perspectives - customers, internal processes and learning & growth – in addition to the traditional financial measures that describe value creation after it happens
  • 6. Introduced by Kaplan and Norton in 1992 in response to their belief that the execution of strategy is the corporate challenge of our time
  • 7. IT Service Provider or Strategic Partner As Is To Be Service provider Strategic Partner IT for efficiency IT for business growth Budgets driven by external benchmarks Budgets driven by business strategy IT separable from the business IT inseparable from the business IT seen as an expense control IT seen as an investment to manage IT managers as technical experts IT managers are business problem solvers
  • 8. Scorecard Perspective & Mission Customer Orientation Corporate Contribution Perspective question Perspective question How should IT appear to business unit executives to be considered effective in delivering services How should IT appear to company executives & its corporate functions to be considered a significant contributor to company success Mission Mission Supplier of choice for all information services, directly & indirectly through supplier relations Business objectives enabler & contributor via effective delivery of value added i-services Operational Excellence Future Orientation Perspective question Perspective question Which services & processes must IT excel at to satisfy stakeholders & clients IT to develop effective delivery & continuous performance enhancement Mission Mission Deliver timely & effective IT services @ targeted service level & costs Continuous performance improvement through innovation, learning & growth
  • 11.
  • 12. overall resolution rate at initial call and
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15. Client satisfaction (customer orientation perspective),
  • 16. Process maturity of incident management (operational excellence perspective) and
  • 17.
  • 18. Cause and Effect Scorecard Relationships
  • 19. Generic SLM Cause & Effect Scorecard
  • 20. Organisations will consider and use a variety of IT models, standards and best practices. These must be understood in order to consider how they can be used together, with C OBI T acting as the consolidator (‘umbrella’). C OBI T ISO 9000 ISO 17799 ITIL COSO WHAT HOW SCOPE OF COVERAGE CobiT alongside other Management Frameworks
  • 21. IT Governance, COSO and CobiT focus areas Enterprise Governance IT Governance Best Practice Standards QA Procedures Processes and Procedures Drivers ITIL
  • 22. Where do BSC’s fit in Governance PERFORMANCE: Business Goals CONFORMANCE Basel II, Sarbanes- Oxley Act, etc. Enterprise Governance IT Governance ISO 9001:2000 ISO 17799 ISO 20000 Best Practice Standards QA Procedures Processes and Procedures Drivers C OBI T COSO Security Principles ITIL Balanced Scorecard
  • 23.
  • 24. Track 1, Example Business goals to IT goals to IT Processes AI 7 Install and Accredit Solutions and Changes - Appendix 1 - p. 169
  • 25. Mapping to CobiT v 4.1 from Appendix 1 - p. 169 AI 7 Install and Accredit Solutions and Changes
  • 26.
  • 29. Process Input / Output and Goals & Metrics tables
  • 30. The RACI Chart CobiT's Who does What As applied to AI7 - Install & Accredit Solutions & Change In this instance, Head of Development is both Accountable and Responsible regarding system conversion and integration tests on the test environment
  • 31.
  • 32.
  • 33. Amount of rework after implementation due to inadequate acceptance testing
  • 34. Number of Service Desk calls from users due to inadequate training
  • 35.
  • 36. % of projects with a documented and approved testing plan
  • 37. Number of lessons learnt from post-implementation review
  • 38. % of errors found during QA review of installation, and accreditation functions
  • 39. Number of changes without required management sign-off before implementation
  • 40.
  • 41. Changes reviewed and approved in a consistent and coordinated way
  • 42.
  • 43. Improved communication and understanding between business customers and IT service providers
  • 44.
  • 46. Confidence in the offered services
  • 47.
  • 48. Promotion of continuity of operational support by documenting staff experience and retaining it in a knowledge base
  • 49. Structured, standardized and clearly documented IT operations procedures and support staff instructions
  • 50. Reduced time to transfer knowledge between skilled operation support staff and new recruits
  • 51.
  • 52. Percent of changes that follow formal change control processes
  • 53. Ratio of accepted to refused change requests
  • 54. Number of different versions of each business application or infrastructure being maintained
  • 55. Number and type of emergency changes to the infrastructure components
  • 56.
  • 57. Percent of service levels reported automated or not
  • 58.
  • 59. Number of days of training per service desk staff member per year
  • 60. Number of calls handled per service desk staff member per hour
  • 61. Percent of incidents that require local support (field support, personal visit)
  • 62.
  • 63. Percent of hardware assets included in preventive maintenance schedules
  • 64. Percent of work schedules that are automated
  • 65. Frequency of updates to operational procedures
  • 66.
  • 67. Assessing, prioritizing and authorizing changes
  • 69.
  • 70. Formalizing internal and external agreements in line with requirements and delivery capabilities
  • 71. Reporting on service level achievements (reports and meetings)
  • 72. Ensuring that reports are tailored to recipient audience
  • 73.
  • 75. Aligning incident resolution priorities with business imperatives
  • 76.
  • 77. Preventive maintenance and monitoring of the IT infrastructure
  • 78.
  • 79.
  • 80. Amount of delay to update measurements to reflect actual performance objectives, measures, targets and benchmarks
  • 81. Number of metrics (per process)
  • 82. Number of cause-and-effect relationships identified and incorporated in monitoring
  • 83. Amount of effort required to gather measurement data
  • 84. Number of problems not identified by the measurement process
  • 85. Percent of metrics that can be benchmarked to industry standards and set targets
  • 86. Maturity Model – From As is to To Be A ‘ Rising Star Chart’ for Documenting the As-is and To-be Positions
  • 88. Opportunity Template Management Area Affected Detailed Description             Quantifiable Benefit           Strategic Benefit           Risks of Implementing Risk of Not Implementing                 Groups Impacted            
  • 89. Val IT framework & its Toolset
  • 90.
  • 91. Portfolio : a group of managed & monitored programs, projects & services
  • 92.
  • 93. Implement : includes the full economic life-cycle of the investment
  • 94. Processes : Value governance (VG), Portfolio Management (PM) & Investment Management (IM)
  • 95. Val IT Case Processes & Practices
  • 96. Val IT & CobiT
  • 97. Val IT Case Fact Sheet Template
  • 98. Val IT Metrics Template
  • 99. Val IT - Assessing Risk

Editor's Notes

  1. In this paper, the development and implementation of an IT BSC within the Information Services Division (ISD) of a Canadian tri-company financial group consisting of Great-West Life, London Life and Investors Group (hereafter named The Group) is described and discussed. We use an IT BSC maturity model (adapted from the capability maturity model developed by the Software Engineering Institute) to determine the maturity level of the IT BSC under review. An important conclusion of the paper is that an IT BSC must go beyond the operational level and must be integrated across the enterprise in order to generate business value. This can be realized through establishing a linkage between the business balanced scorecard and different levels of IT balanced scorecards and through the definition of clear cause-and-effect relationships between outcome measures and performance drivers throughout the whole scorecard.