2. Crystal (1995) says it is "... that branch of
the description of language which
accounts for the way in which words
combine to form sentences.”
González, M. (2012)
3. a) Linguistic or communicative competence?
b) Structures or functions?
González, M. (2012)
4. Comunicative tests aim to test students’
success in using the language for
communication. For this purpose, real life
tasks are used for testing purposes.
González, M. (2012)
5. For students to identify
⃝ Multiple choice items For students to show
errors in a given ⃝ Completion items
⃝ Error-recognition communicative skills.
⃝ Paraphrase
context.
⃝ Items True/False ⃝ Editing
⃝ Pairing and matching ⃝ Sentence transformation
items
González, M. (2012)
6. The use of grammatical terms should
preferably be avoided in the
instructions.
González, M. (2012)
7. Choose the correct tense forms Choose the most appropriate
option.
I opened the window. The rain (1)______but the
wind (2)________.
A) (1) had stopped, (2) was blowing
B) (1) has stopped, (2) is blowing
C) (1) was stopped, (2) was blowing
D) (1) stopped, (2) is blowing
E) (1) stopped, (2) was blowing
González, M. (2012)
8. Fill in the blank using a word from the box.
John usually ______from Monday to Friday
a. works b. worked c. has worked d. is working
⃝ They can be tricky or too picky
⃝ Difficult to test attitudes towards learning
⃝ Knowledge is limited to options provided
⃝ Difficult to construct at higher levels
⃝ Encourages guessing (25% chance)
⃝ More than one option may be possible
⃝ All options must be grammatically possible
Magdalena, J.
9. A context must be provided so
students identify functions.
10. Complete sentense using the appropiate form of the word in parentheses.
John is a doctor. He ______(work) in a hospital.
⃝ More than one option may be possible
⃝ Clues will limit the answers
⃝ Difficult to test attitudes towards learning
⃝ Some context may be added
⃝ Instructions are essential
⃝ Few aspects might be assessed (passive,
reported, comparatives, conditionals…)
Magdalena, J.
11. Crystal, David. 1995. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of The English Language.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Magdalenda, Jonathan. (W/D). Testing grammar.
González, M. (2012)