Meaning and importance of tourism. A brief introduction of the tourism industry.

1. Meaning and
Importance of
Tourism
chapter 1

2.  to define tourism in different perspective
 to differentiate tourists from excursionists
 to understand the various elements of travel as
used as criteria for defining travellers and / or tourists
chapter 1

3.  to explain the nature of the tour
 to elucidate the characteristics of a
tourist product and a tourist destination
chapter 1

4.  to compare tourism with other
industries
 to appreciate the importance
of tourism
chapter 1

5. According to Professors Hunziker and
Krapf of Bern University, Switzerland:
TOURISM is the sum of the
phenomena and relationships
arising from the travel and stay of
non – residents, in so far they DO
NOT lead towards permanent
residence and ARE NOT
CONNECTED to any EARNING
activity.

6. TOURISM is the temporary short
– term movement of people to
destinations outside the places
where they normally live and
work and their activities during
their stay at these destinations.
The definition of the Tourism Society
in Britain was:

7. This definition was reformulated
by the
Tourism Society of Cardiff:
Tourism may be defined in terms of
particular activities selected by
choice and undertaken outside the
home environment

8. According to Goeldner
and Ritchie:
Tourism is the processes, activities,
outcomes arising from relationships
and interaction among tourists,
tourism suppliers, host governments,
host communities, and surrounding
environment that are involve in
attracting and hosting of visitors.

9. Five Characteristics of Tourism
according to Burkart and Medlik

10. Because of its complexity, tourism is a
combination of phenomena and
relationships;

11. It has two
essential
elements:
the
dynamic
element –
the
journey
and the
static
element –
the stay

12. The journey
and stay are
to and from
the
destinations
outside the
place of
residence
and work

13. The movement to destinations is
temporary and short – term with the
intention to return within a few days,
weeks or months

14. Destinations are
visited for the
purposes not
connected with
paid work, that
is, not to be
employed and
not for business
or vocational
reasons

15. Meaning of Tourist
Is a person who, visits a country other
than in which he usually resides for a
period of at least 24 hours.
as defined by the League of Nations:
This was held to include persons travelling to
meetings or on business and persons visiting a
country on a cruise vessel even if for less than 24
hours.

16. In 1963, a United Nations Conference on
International Travel recommended a new
definition of a visitor as:
[ ]Any person visiting a country other than that
of earning money
This definition covers two classes of visitors:
Tourists Excursionists

17. TOURISTS
Are temporary visitors staying at least 24
hours whose purpose could be classified as:
Leisure
Health
S p o r t
S
T
U
D
Y
Holiday
Religion
R e c r e a t i o n

18. Family
mission

19. Excursionists
Are temporary visitors
staying less than 24
hours in the destination
visited and not making an overnight stay,
including cruise travelers but excluding
travelers in transit.

20. Elements of Travel
Distance
Length of Stay at a Destination
Purpose of Travel
Nature of the tour

21. Distance
the difference between local travel or
traveling within a person’s home
community and non – local travel away
from home
it excludes commuting to and from work
and change of residence

22. Length of Stay
Tourists
temporary visitors who make at least one
overnight stay or 24 hours;
Excursionists
temporary visitors who do not stay at
least 24 hours in a destination

23. Residence of the Traveler
for record purposes
for business and research

24. Purpose of Travel
Visiting friends and relatives
Conventions, Seminars and Meetings
Business
Outdoor Recreation
(e.g. Hunting, fishing, boating and camping)
Entertainment
(sightseeing, theatre, sports)
Personal
(family, medical, funeral, wedding)
Others

25. The Nature of a Tour
Domestic Tourism
travel taken within the boundaries of ones
country
International Tourism
a travel from one territory or
country to the other

26. Package tour
tour segments are bought in an all –
inclusive price; individual price of
these elements cannot be
determined by the buyer himself
Independent tour
buying tour segments separately
from one or more suppliers

27. The Tourist Product
CHARACTERISTICS
• It is a service – an intangible item
• Largely psychological in its attraction
• Product tends to vary in standard and quality
over time
• The supply of the product
is fixed

28. It is a service – an
intangible item

29. Largely psychological in
its attraction
It is the temporary use of a strange
environment plus the culture and
heritage of the region and other
intangible benefits such as the
atmosphere and hospitality

30. Product tends to vary in
standard and quality
over time
March August
A package tour cannot
be consistently of
equal standard.

31. The supply of the
product is fixed
Peak Lean

32. The Tourist Destination
Is a geographical unit which the tourist visits
and stays. It may be a village, a town, a city, a
district, a region, an island, a country or a
continent
Three BASIC Factors:
Attractions
Amenities or facilities
Accessibility

33. Tourist Services

34. Characteristics of Tourism
• In tourism, the product is not bought to the
consumer; rather, the consumer has to travel
and go to the product to purchase it.

35. Characteristics of Tourism
• The products of tourism are not used up; thus,
they do not exhaust the country’s natural
resources.

36. Characteristics of Tourism
• Tourism is a labor – intensive
industry

37. Characteristics of Tourism
• Tourism is people oriented

38. Characteristics of Tourism
• Tourism is multi – dimensional
phenomenon

40. Characteristics of Tourism
• Tourist industry is seasonal
March August

41. Characteristics of Tourism
• The industry is dynamic
It is characterized by the changing ideas and attitudes of its customers
therefore must be always prepared and willing to adjust to these
changes[ ]

42. Importance of Tourism
• Contribution to the balance of
payments.

43. • Dispersion of development.

44. • Effect on general economic
development.

45. • Employment opportunities.

46. •Social benefits.

47. •Cultural enrichment.

48. • Educational significance.

49. • A vital force for peace.

50. TOURISM is defined the processes, activities,
outcomes arising from relationships and
interaction among tourists, tourism suppliers,
host governments, host communities, and
surrounding environment that are involve in
attracting and hosting of visitors.
chapter 1
summary

51. it involves two elements – a dynamic one – the
journey and a static one – the stay
This implies the movement of the person
away from his place of residence and stay in
another location
chapter 1
summary

52. The stay is temporary and is motivated by a
search for personal pleasure in the form of rest,
relaxation and self improvement.
TOURISTS are temporary visitors staying at
least 24 hours in the country visited
chapter 1
summary

53. EXCURSIONISTS are temporary visitors staying at
less than 24 hours in the destination visited and
not making an overnight stay
FOUR BASIC ELEMENTS OF TRAVEL used as the
criteria for defining travellers are: distance,
length of stay at the destination, residence of the
traveller and the purpose of travel
chapter 1
summary

54. summary
A TOUR may be domestic or international,
independent or package
A tourist destination depends on the
interrelationship between three basic factors:
Attraction, amenities, accessibility
chapter 1

55. The principal tourist services are supplied by
passenger transport.
Accommodation, Food and Beverage and
entertainment comprise the second group of
tourist services. A third group of tourist services
consist of those provided by the travel agent and
operator
summary
chapter 1

56. Other Tourist services consist of currency,
documentation, information, sightseeing and
shopping
TOURISM has special characteristics which
makes it different from any other industries.
summary
chapter 1

57. For tourism, the consumer has to travel and go to
the product and purchase it. The products of
Tourism are not used up, they do not exhaust the
country’s natural resources. It is people oriented
and highly labor intensive industry. Lastly tourism
is multi – dimensional, seasonal and dynamic
summary
chapter 1

58. Tourism is an important human activity with
economic, social, cultural and educational
significance; more importantly, it is an
important vehicle for attaining global peace.
summary
chapter 1