3. INTRODUCTION
It is an infection caused by any one of several types of swine
influenza viruses.
SIV strains include influenza C and the subtypes of influenza
A known as H1N1, H1N2, H2N1, H3N1, H3N2 and H2N3
Swine influenza virus is common throughout pig populations
worldwide
People with regular exposure to pigs are at increased risk of swine
flu infection
4. Swine flu viruses may mutate (change) so that they are easily
transmissible among humans.
Vaccination is the best way to prevent or reduce the chances of
becoming infected with influenza viruses.
The most serious complication of the flu is pneumonia.
5. Epidomiology
Swine influenza virus was first isolated from pigs in 1919 and from human in
1974.
In 2009 swine flu outbreak (pandemic) was due to infection with the H1N1
virus and was first observed in Mexico.
In June 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) raised its pandemic alert
level to the highest level, phase 6.
India confirmed its first case on 16 May,2009
According to the data released by the Health Ministry of India,33,761 had been
infected and 2,035 person had died.
6. Electron microscope image of the reassortedH1N1
influenza virus photographed at the CDC Influenza
Laboratory. The viruses are 80–120 nm in diameter.
8. TRANSMISSION
Swine influenza caused slightly more infections than would be
normal for an influenza season
Coughing
Sneezing
Touching something with flu viruses to your mouth or nose
People who work with poultry and swine, especially those with
intense exposures
9. COMPLICATION
Exacerbation of underlying chronic medical conditions
Upper respiratory tract disease - sinusitis, otitis media, croup
Lower respiratory tract disease - pneumonia, bronchiolitis, status asthmaticus
Cardiac - myocarditis, pericarditis
Neurologic - acute and post-infectious encephalopathy encephalitis
Toxic shock syndrome
Neurologic complications with seizures
Higher Risk Groups for Severe H1N1 Illness
10. Effects on pregnancy:
The major adverse effect of H1N1 is attributed to hyperthermia
during the pregnancy . the risk of neural tube defects and other
adverse including neonatal seizures, encephalopathy, cerebral
palsy, and neonatal death. This might be treated with the use of
antipyretic medications like Acetaminophen and/or multivitamins
containing folic acid.
11. DIAGNOSIS
Laboratory Test
- Viral culture
Presence of Virus confirmed by
- ELISA(4 fold rise)
- RT-PCR
Rapid antigen test(distinguish between influenza A and B)
12. PREVENTION
Avoid close contact
Stay home when you are sick
Cover the mouth and nose
Clean your hands
Avoid touching your eyes nose or mouth
13. TREATMENT
1.Symptomatic treatment :
Stay at home
Get plenty of rest
Drink a lot of liquids
Do not smoke or drink alcohol
Consider over-the-counter medications to relieve flu symptoms
Consult a physician early on for best possible treatment
16. CONCLUSION
Swine flu is very rapidly spreading disease
People have to take prophylaxis action like vaccination , safe from
contamination etc..
The person suffering from this flu ensure him or her will be cure very soon
Proper medication should be taken