3. 3G Technology
Large capacity and broadband capabilities
Allows the transmission of 384kbps for mobile
systems and up to 2Mbps
Increased spectrum efficiency –5Mhz
A greater number of users that can be simultaneously
supported by a radio frequency bandwidth
High data rates at lower incremental cost than 2G–
Global roaming
4. Previous Technology - 3G
CDMA –Code Division Multiple Access
Form of multiplexing
Does not divide up the channel by time or frequency
Encodes data with a special code associated with each
channel
6. IMT-Advanced requirements
Be based on an all-IP packet switched network.
Have peak data rates of up to approximately 100
Mbit/s
Be able to dynamically share and use the network
resources.
Use scale-able channel bandwidths of 5–20 MHz.
The ability to offer high quality of service for next
generation multimedia support,
LTE Advanced standardized by the 3GPP
802.16m standardized by the IEEE (i.e. WiMAX)
7. Types of Multiplexing
FDMA – Frequency Division Multiple Access
Each phone call is allocated one frequency for the
entire duration of the call
8. Types of Multiplexing
TDMA - Time Division Multiple Access
Each phone call is allocated a spot in the frequency for
a small amount of time, and "takes turns" being
transmitted
9. Types of Multiplexing
CDMA - Code Division Multiple Access
Each phone call is uniquely encoded and transmitted
across the entire spectrum, in a manner known as
spread spectrum transmission
10. Reasons for New Research
Even though 3G has successfully been introduced
to mobile users, there are some issues that are
debated by 3G providers and users.
High input fees for the 3G service licenses
Great differences in the licensing terms
3G phones are expensive
12. What is 4G?
Fourth Generation Technology
Faster and more reliable
100 Mb/s
Lower cost than previous generations
Multi-standard wireless system
Bluetooth, Wired, Wireless
Ad Hoc Networking
IPv6 Core
OFDM used instead of CDMA
Potentially IEEE standard 802.11n
Most information is proprietary
14. Communications Architecture
Personal Layer Gateway:
devices that connect to upper layers; cell phone, fax,
voice, data modem, MP3 players, PDAs
Info-Sensor layer:
environmental sensors
Fiber-optic wire layer:
high speed subterranean labyrinth of fiber optic cables
and repeaters
15. Ad Hoc Networks
Spontaneous self
organization of networks of
devices
Not necessarily connected to
internet
4G will create hybrid wireless
networks using Ad Hoc
networks
Form of mesh networking–
Very reliable
16. Enhance Mobile Gaming
Experience enhance wireless capabilities that
deliver mobile gaming interaction with less
than five seconds
Play online multi player games while traveling
at high speeds or sitting outside
17. Broadband access in Remote
location
4G will provide a wireless alternative for broadband
access
I will provide first opportunity for broadband access
in remote locations without an infrastructure to
support cable or DSL access.
18. Key features
MIMO (multi-antenna and multi-user).
Frequency-domain-equalization for example multi-carrier
modulation (OFDM) in the downlink.
Frequency-domain statistical multiplexing,
Turbo principle error-correcting codes: To minimize the
required SNR at the reception side
Channel-dependent scheduling: To use the time-varying
channel
Link adaptation: Adaptive modulation and error-
correcting codes
Mobile IP utilized for mobility