Chapter 4 managing the impact of tourism development

1. TOURISM
DEVELOPMENT
MANAGING
THE IMPACT OF

2. • The careful use of natural resources (such as trees, oil, etc.) to
prevent them from being lost or wasted
• The protection of animals, plants, and natural resources
• The things that are done to keep works of art or things of historical
importance in good condition
(Merriam-Webster.com. Merriam-Webster, n.d. Web. 30 Jan. 2017)
CONSERVATION

3. Preservation
• Preservation is an unchanged or perfect condition without disturbing
the balance of nature
• The effort to maintain resources in their original state
(Merriam-Webster.com. Merriam-Webster, n.d. Web. 30 Jan. 2017.)

4. • The process by which the anticipated
effects on the environment of a proposed
development or project are measured.
• If the likely effects are unacceptable,
design measures or other relevant
mitigation measures can be taken to
reduce or avoid those effects
ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA)

5. IMPORTANCE OF EIA
• contribute their
information for
expert analyses
• review and help
prioritize
environmental
impacts and
mitigation measures
Opportunities to Raise
Environmental Issues
• redrawing the project
area around sensitive
areas, employing a
technology to minimize
impacts, planting
vegetation to stabilize
disturbed soils, or
abandoning the
proposed project
altogether
Creating
Alternatives and
Mitigating Impacts
• to inform impact
analyses
• to act as a
comparison for post-
project conditions
Monitoring and
Collecting Data

7. CARRYING CAPACITY
• “The maximum number of people that may visit a tourist destination at the
same time, without causing destruction of the physical, economic, socio-
cultural environment and an unacceptable decrease in the quality of visitors
satisfaction” - WTO
• In ecological terms, the carrying capacity of an ecosystem is the size of the
population that can be supported indefinitely upon the available resources and
services of that ecosystem. Living within the limits of an ecosystem depends on
three factors:
– The amount of resources available in the ecosystem,
– The size of the population, and
– The amount of resources each individual is consuming.

8. IMPORTANCE OF CC
• CC for any given area is not fixed. It can altered by improved
technology, but mostly it is changed for the worse by pressures
which accompany a population increase.
• As the environment is degraded, CC actually shrinks, leaving the
environment no longer able to support even the number of people
who could formerly have lived in the area on sustainable basis.
• No population can live beyond the environment’s CC for vey long.

9. TYPES OF CC
• Reduced visitor enjoyment and
increased crime are also
indicator of when the social
CC has been exceeded
• The extend to which
natural environment is able
to tolerate interference
form tourist
• Eg: habitat’s ability to
regenerate
• Level of acceptable change
within the local economy
of a tourist destination
• To which tourist destination
is able to accommodate
tourist functions without
the loss of local activities
• Max no. of tourist that an
area is actually able to
support
• Max no. that can fit on the
site at any given time and
still allow people to move
Physical Economic
SocialBio-
Physical

10. ZONING
• Zoning refers to what can and cannot occur in different areas of the
protected areas
• i.e: natural resources management, cultural resource management,
human use and benefit, visitor use and experience, access, facilities
and protected area development, maintenance and operations.
• Allows areas to be set aside for particular activities such as protection
of key habitats or nursery areas and breeding sites, research,
education, anchoring, fishing and tourism.

11. IMPORTANCE OF ZONING
Helps to reduce or eliminate conflict between different users of
the protected areas
To improve the quality of activities such as tourism, and to
facilitate compliance
Accepted method to keep people out of the most sensitive,
ecologically valuable, or recovering areas
To limit the impact of visitor behavior
1
2
3
4

12. DISCUSSION
In a group, discuss the application of below conservation and
preservation method in Malaysia:
Environmental Impact Assessment
Carrying Capacity
Zoning

13. CONCLUSION