This Presentation is about the nutritional Problems in India and National Nutritional Programmes

1. BY
MRS.NAGAMANI.T, MSc (N)

2.  Nutritional problems in India
 National Nutritional Programmes
 National nutritional policy
 National Nutritional Monitoring
Bureau

3.  List out the causes of nutritional problems
 Understand the nutritional problems in India
 Know about the National Nutritional
Programmes in India
 Gain knowledge about the national nutritional
policy

4.  India is the second most populous country in
the World next to China. Among its population
majority of the people belongs to rural
community and they are from low socio-
economic status, illiteracy and lack of basic
human needs. From the nutritional point of view
majority are undernourished and only a small
group are well-fed. The high income groups are
suffering from the diseases of over
nourishment.

5. MAJOR NUTRITIONAL PROBLEMS IN INDIA

6.  Low socio economic status
 Illiteracy
 Lack of awareness regarding nutrients and their
requirement
 Over population
 Decreased food production
 Lack of health care facilities
 Large families
 Cultural influences
 Infections
 Over nourishment among the group of high socio
economic status
 Superstitious beliefs, misconceptions
 Limited availability/ inadequacy of food products
 Dietary practices etc.

7.  Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM),
 Nutritional Anaemia
 Iodine Deficiency Disorder (IDD),
 Vitamin-A deficiency
 Low birth weight
 Endemic fluorosis
 Lathyrism
 Market Distortion
 Cardio Vascular Diseases
 Cancer etc.

8.  Malnutrition is a significant loss of lean tissue or
inadequate diet for a prolonged period in the
setting of severe stress.
 It is a significant component of many diseases.
Malnutrition is more common in India. One in
every three malnourished children in the world
lives in India.
 Malnutrition limits development and the capacity
to learn. It also costs lives: about 50 per cent of
all childhood deaths are attributed to
malnutrition.

9.  In India, around 46 per cent of all children
below the age of three are too small for their
age, 47 per cent are underweight and at least
16 per cent are wasted.
 Many of these children are severely
malnourished. The prevalence of malnutrition
varies across states, with Madhya Pradesh
recording the highest rate (55 per cent) and
Kerala among the lowest (27 per cent).

10.  Every age group is vulnerable to iron-deficiency
anaemia. In children, anaemia can cause a 5-10
point deficiency in IQ and hamper growth and
language development. In adolescents, it leads to a
fall in academic performance with a dip in memory
and concentration levels.
 It can also lead to physical exhaustion and
susceptibility to infection. Available studies on
prevalence of nutritional anemia in India show that
65% infant and toddlers, 60% 1-6 years of age, 88%
adolescent girls (3.3% has hemoglobin <7 gm./dl;
severe anemia) and 85% pregnant women (9.9%
having severe anemia.
 The prevalence of anemia was marginally higher in
lactating women as compared to pregnancy. The
commonest is iron deficiency anemia.

11.  One in every two Indian women (56%) suffers
from some form of anaemia
 4 out of every 5 children in the age of 6-35
months suffer from anaemia
 20% of the maternal deaths are due to anaemia
and anaemia indirectly contributes to another
40% of maternal deaths
 Maternal mortality staggeringly high at 454 per
every 100,000 live births
 Results not commensurate with the 30 years of
efforts by the Indian government

12.  Vitamin A is necessary for good eyesight. In
children, Vitamin A deficiency causes loss of
eyesight. If this deficiency is very severe, it may
lead to permanent blindness.
 In our country every year 30, 000 children
lose eye sight due to Vitamin A deficiency.
Vitamin A deficiency symptoms are seen more
severely in children of age group 1 to 5 years.
 It is estimated that there are 12.5 million
economically blind persons in India. Of these
over 80 per cent of blindness is due to cataract.

13.  Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) has been
recognized as a public health problem in India since
mid-twenties.
 IDD is not only a problem in sub-Himalayan region
but also in riverine and coastal areas.
 According to Union Ministry of Health it is estimated
that 71 million populations are suffering from
endemic goitre and about 8.8 million people have
mental/motor handicap due to iodine deficiency.
 Statistics furnished by the ministry of health and
family welfare in its report tabulated during 2011
revealed that 1.3 crore people in UP alone were
suffering from IDD.
 The figures of Madhya Pradesh and Bihar stood at
0.82 crore and 0.62 crore respectively. The spread
of IDD is far and wide with poverty being a key
driver.

14.  More than 20 million infants are born each year
weighing less than 2,500 grams (5.5 pounds),
accounting for 17 per cent of all births in the
developing world – a rate more than double the
level in industrialized countries (7 per cent).
 Infants with low birth weight are at higher risk
of dying during their early months and years.
Those who survive are liable to have an
impaired immune system and may suffer a
higher incidence of such chronic illnesses as
diabetes and heart disease in later life.

15.  Fluorosis is a disease caused due to excessive
ingestion of fluoride.
 Fluorides are the compounds of fluorine.
Fluorine is the 13th most abundant element
available in the earth crust.
 As the surface water passes through the
fluoride rich rocks it carries fluoride with it,
hence most of the fluoride is found in ground
water than surface water.
 Permissible limit of fluoride:WHO is only 1.0
mg/L as a safe limit for human consumption
whereas several districts of Rajasthan India are
consuming water with fluoride concentrations of
up to 24 - 44 mg/l.

16.  In India, the problem has reached alarming
proportions affecting at least 17 states of
India.
 Out of those 5 are hyper endemic, where 50-
100% districts are affected viz. Andhra
Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Gujarat,
Rajasthan. In Rajasthan the Banka Patti area
has been identified in Nagaur district.

17.  Lathyrism disease occurs by consuming large
quantities of Lathyrus sativus (Kesari dhal)
Lathyrism in human is referred as
Neurolathyrism.
 The disease presents as Crippling disease of
nervous system characterized by gradually
developing spastic paralysis of lower limbs.
 It contains a toxin called Beta oxalyl amino
Alanine (BOAA) Lathyrus Kesari Dhal) is good
source of protein. It is relatively cheaper.

18.  An economic scenario that occurs when there is
an intervention in a given market by a governing
body. The intervention may take the form of
price ceilings, price floors or tax subsidies.
Market distortions create market failures, which
is not an economically ideal situation.
 There is a tradeoff that regulators must make
when deciding to intervene in any given
marketplace. Although the intervention will
create market failures, it is also intended to
enhance a society's welfare.

19.  For example, many governments subsidize
farming activities, which makes farming
economically feasible for many farmers. The
subsidies paid to farmers create artificially
high supply levels, which will eventually lead
to price declines if the goods are not
subsequently purchased by the government
or sold to another nation. Although this type
of intervention is not economically efficient, it
does help ensure that a nation will have
enough food to eat.

20.  It is the most Prevalent form of malnutrition.
Abnormal growth of adipose tissue due to
enlargement of fat cells(Hypertrophic),
Increase in no. of fat cells (hyperplasic)or
Combination of both.
 India is now in the grip of obesity epidemic
and the trend needs to be immediately
arrested by taxing junk food, restricting food
ads and making food labeling clearer etc.
 Currently, almost 1 in 5 men and over 1 in 6
women are overweight. In some urban areas,
the rates are as high as 40%.

21.  Cardio Vascular diseases Classified as one of the
Food habit related Illness. Change in food habits
and lifestyle has increased the risk of CVD in
Indian population mostly in Middle Class and
upper middle class groups.
 The World Health Organisation (WHO) and reports
published in medical journals like Lancet and
Indian Heart Journal, suggest that by 2010 there
would be close to 100 million cardiac patients in
India. It is 30 million now.
 WHO has also estimated that by 2010, India will
have 60% of world's cardiac patients, and in
another five years it is likely to become the world
capital for heart ailment.

22.  On an average, about 2 million patients in
India currently undergo cardio-vascular
surgical procedure every year. "Unless we are
able to predict and detect cardiac disease in
high-risk patients, the situation will only
aggravate," warns Dr Rabin Chakraborty, chief
of cardiology, Apollo Gleneagles Hospital.
 While 4% of the Indian population suffered
from heart diseases in 1980, it rose to 10% in
2003.
 Deaths due to heart ailments also increased
from 14 deaths per one lakh people in 1985
to 260 deaths per one lakh people in 2003.

23.  Recent times have seen an increase in the incidence
of cancer. This is mainly attributed to urbanization,
industrialization, lifestyle changes, population
growth and increased life span (in turn leading to an
increase in the elderly population).
 In India, the life expectancy at birth has steadily
risen from 45 years in 1971 to 62 years in 1991,
indicating a shift in the demographic profile.
 It is estimated that life expectancy of the Indian
population will increase to 70 years by 2021–25.
This has caused a paradigm shift in the disease
pattern from communicable diseases to non-
communicable diseases like cancer, diabetes and
hypertension.

24.  Cancer prevalence in India is estimated to be
around 2.5 million, with over 8,00,000 new
cases and 5,50,000 deaths occurring each year
due to this disease.
 More than 70% of the cases report for diagnostic
and treatment services in the advanced stages
of the disease, which has lead to a poor survival
and high mortality rate.

25.  80 % of cancer occurs due to environmental
factors Dietary fat – positive correlation with
Colon cancer, breast cancer Dietary fiber –
Risk of colon cancer is inversely related Micro
nutrients – Lack of Vitamin C & Vitamin A
arise the risk of stomach cancer and lung
cancer. Food additives – Saccharin, cyclamate,
Coffee, aflatoxin associated with bladder
cancer Alcohol – liver cancer, Rectal Cancer
etc,.

26.  The government of India has launched many
nation wide health programs to improve and
restore the health status of the vulnerable
population such as infants, preschoolers, school
children, antenatal and postnatal mothers etc.
 Currently major nutrition supplementation
programmes in India are:
1) Integrated Child Development Services Scheme
(ICDS);
2) Mid-day meal Programs (MDM);
3) Special Nutrition Programs (SNP);

27. 4) Wheat Based Nutrition Programs (WNP);
5) Applied Nutrition Programs (ANP);
6) Balwadi Nutrition Programs (BNP);
7) National Nutritional Anaemia Prophylaxis
Program (NNAPP);
8) National Program for Prevention of Blindness
due to Vitamin A Deficiency; and
9) National Goiter Control Program (NGCP).
10) Tamil Nadu Integrated Nutrition Programme
11) Antyodaya anna yojana
12) Other Programmes

28.  Integrated Child Development Service (ICDS)
scheme was launched on 2nd October, 1975
(5th Five year Plan) in pursuance of the National
Policy for Children in 33 experimental blocks.
 Success of the scheme led to its expansion to
2996 projects by the end of March 1994.
 Now the goal is to universalisation of ICDS
throughout the country.

29.  The primary responsibility for the
implementation of the programme is with the
Department of Women and Child Development,
Ministry of Human Resources Development at
the Centre and the nodal departments at the
state which may be Social Welfare, Rural
Development, Tribal Welfare, Health & Family
Welfare or Women and Child Development.
Beneficiaries
1.Children below 6 years
2. Pregnant and lactating women
3. Women in the age group of 15-44 years
4. Adolescent girls in selected blocks
 The Ninth Five Year Plan aim to universalise the
ICDS i.e. coverage to the whole country.

30. Objectives
1. Improve the nutrition and health status of
children in the age group of 0-6 years;
2. Lay the foundation for proper psychological,
physical and social development of the child;
3. Effective coordination and implementation of
policy among the various departments; and
4. Enhance the capability of the mother to look
after the normal health and nutrition needs
through proper nutrition and health education.

31. The Package of services provided by ICDS are:
 Supplementary nutrition, Vit-A, Iron and Folic
Acid,
 Immunisation,
 Health check-ups,
 Referral services,
 Treatment of minor illnesses,
 Nutrition and health education to women,
 Pre-school education of children in the age
group of 3-6 years, and
 Convergence of other supportive services like
water supply, sanitation, etc.

32. Scheme for Adolescent Girls (Kishori Shakti Yojna)
1991
Common Services: All adolescent girls in the age
group of 11-18 years (70%) received the
following common services:
1. Watch over menarche,
2. Immunisation,
3. General health check-ups once in every six-
months,
4. Training for minor ailments,
5. Deworming,
6. Prophylactic measures against anemia, goiter,
vitamin deficiency, etc. and
7. Referral to PHC.District hospital in case of
acute need.

33.  The Midday Meal Scheme is the popular name
for school meal programme in India which
started in the 1960s. It involves provision of
lunch free of cost to school-children on all
working days.
Objectives
 Protecting children from classroom hunger,
 Increasing school enrolment and attendance,
 Strengthening child nutrition and literacy
 Improved socialisation among children
belonging to all castes,
 Addressing malnutrition, and
 Social empowerment through provision of
employment to women.

34. Beneficiaries
 Children attending the primary school.
 Children belonging to backward classes,
scheduled caste, and scheduled tribe families
are given priority.
The Scheme covers students (Class I-V) in the
Government Primary Schools / Primary Schools
aided by Govt. and the Primary Schools run by
local bodies.

35.  Food grains (wheat and rice) are supplied free
of cost @ 100 gram per child per school day
where cooked/processed hot meal is being
served with a Minimum content of 300
calories and 8-12 gms of protein each day of
school for a minimum of 200 days and 3 kgs
per student per month for 9-11 months in a
year, where food grains are distributed in raw
form.
 In drought affected areas the mid day meal is
distributed in summer vacations also.

36.  The programme was launched in the country in
1970-71 to improve the nutritional status of specific
target groups.
 It provides supplementary feeding of about 300
calories and 10 grams of protein to preschool
children and about 500 calories and 25 grams of
protein to expect at and nursing mothers for six
days a week.
Objectives
 Improve the nutritional status of specific target
groups.
 Provides supplementary nutrition and health care
services.
 Supply of Vitamin ‘A’ solution, iron and folic acid
tablets.
Beneficiaries
 Children under 6 years and
 Pregnant and lactating mothers.

37.  The program is operated in the urban slums,
tribal areas, backward rural areas.
Supplementary nutrition is provided for 300
days every year.
 Children under 6 years – 300kcal, 10-12g
protein, Pregnant and lactating women –
500kcal, 25g protein.
 Now the special nutrition program is integrated
with the ICDS (Integrated Child Development
Services)

38.  Wheat based nutrition programme is a centrally
sponsored programme was introduced in 1986
but now transferred to the State Sector.
 This programme follows the norms of SNP or of
the nutrition component of the ICDS.
 Central Assistance for the programme consists
of supply of free wheat and supportive costs for
other ingredients, cooking, transport etc.
 This Scheme is implemented by the Ministry of
Women & Child Development.

39. Objectives
 Supply of free wheat and other ingredients
 Providing nutritious and energy food for
disadvantaged sections
 Improving the nutritional status.
Beneficiaries
 1. Children below 6years of age (pre school
age)
 2. Expectant and lactating mothers.

40. The Applied Nutrition Programme (ANP) was introduced as a
pilot scheme in Orissa in 1963 which later on extended to
Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh.
Objectives
 1) Promoting production of protective food such as
vegetables and fruits.
 2) Make people conscious of their nutritional needs and
 3) Provide supplementary nutrition to children aged between
3-6 years and to pregnant and lactating mothers.
Beneficiaries
 Children between 2-6 years and
 Pregnant and lactating mothers.

41.  During 1973, it was extended to all the state of the
country. The nutritional Education was the main
focus and efforts were directed to teach rural
communities through demonstration how to
produce food for their consumption through their
own efforts.
 Nutrition worth of 25 paise per child per day and 50
paise per woman per day are provided for 52 days
in a year. No definite nutrient content has been
specified.
 The idea is to provide better seeds and encourage
kitchen gardens, poultry farming, beehive keeping,
etc., but this programme does not produced any
impact.
 The community kitchens and school gardens could
not function properly due to lack of suitable land,
irrigation facilities, and low financial investment.

42.  Balwadi Nutrition Program (India) was introduced
in 1970 to provide nutritional support to
children.
 It is under the control of the Department of
Social Welfare. 4 National level organisations
(including Indian Council of Child Welfare) are
given grants as a part of this program.
 The voluntary organisations that receive the
grants are responsible for the running of this
program
 The program is implemented through Balwadis –
they provide education and nutritional
support.Food supplement provides 300kcal and
10g proteins. Balwadi nutrition program is being
phased out in favour of the Integrated Child
Development Services (ICDS)

43. Objectives
 Supply about one-third of the calorie and half
of the protein requirements of pre-school
children between the age of 3-5 years
 Improve the nutritional status.
Beneficiaries
 1. Children of 3-6 years of age in rural areas

44.  The programme was launched in 1970 to
prevent nutritional anemia in mothers and
children.
 This programme is being taken up by
Maternal and Child Health (MCH), Division of
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Now it
is part of RCH programme.
Beneficiaries
 Children in the age group of 1-5 years
 Pregnant and nursing mothers.
 Female acceptors of IUDs and terminal
methods of family planning.

45.  Under this programme, the expected and
nursing mothers as well as acceptors of family
planning are given one tablet of iron and folic
acid containing 60 mg elementary iron which
was raised to 100 mg elementary iron, however
folic acid content remained same (0.5 mg of
folic acid) and children in the age group of 1-5
years are given one tablet of iron containing 20
mg elementary iron (60 mg of ferrous sulphate
and 0.1 mg of folic acid) daily for a period of
100 days.

46. Highlights of the 11nth Five year Plan are:
 The infants between 6-12 months should be
included in the programme as there is sufficient
evidence that iron deficiency affects this age
also.
 Children between 6 months to 60 months should
be given 20mg elemental iron and 100 mcg folic
acid per day per child as this regimen is
considered safe and effective.
 National IMNCI guidelines for this
supplementation to be followed.

47.  For children (6-60 months), ferrous sulphate and
folic acid should be provided in a liquid
formulation containing 20 mg elemental iron and
100mcg folic acid per ml of the liquid
formulation. For safety reason, the liquid
formulation should be dispensed in bottles so
designed that only 1 ml cab be dispensed each
time.
 Dispersible tablets have an advantage over liquid
formulations in programmatic conditions. These
have been used effectively in other parts of the
world and in large scale Indian studies. The
logistics of introducing dispersible formulation of
Iron and Folic Acid should be expedited under
the programme.

48.  The current programme recommendations for pregnant and
lactating women should be continued.
 School children, 6-10 year old, and adolescents, 11-18 year
olds, should also be included in the National Nutritional
Anaemia Prophylaxis Programme (NNAPP).
 Children 6-10 year old will be provided 30 mg elemental iron
and 250 mcg folic acid per child per day for 100 days in a
year.
 Adolescents, 11-18 years will be supplemented at the same
doses and duration as adults. The adolescent girls will be
given priority.
 Multiple channels and strategies are required to address the
problem of iron deficiency anaemia. The newer products such
as double fortified salts / sprinkles/ ultra rice and other micro
nutrient candidates or fortified candidates should be explored
as an adjunct or alternate supplementation strategy.

49.  It is estimated that there are 12.5 million
economically blind persons in India. Of these
over 80 per cent of blindness is due to
cataract. The National Blindness Control
Programme started in 1976 as 100 per cent
centrally sponsored programme.
 The National Prophylaxis programme for
prevention of blindness due to Vitamin ‘A’
deficiency is implemented through Primary
Health centers and its sub centers.

50.  They are responsible for administering Vitamin
‘A’ concentrates to children less than 5 years.
Every infant between 6- 11 months and
children in-between 1-5 years are to be
administered Vitamin ‘A’ every six months.
 Priority should be given to children in-between
6 months and 3 years since they have the
highest prevalence of clinical sign of Vitamin
‘A’ deficiency. A child must receive a total of 9
oral doses of Vitamin ‘A’ by his fifth birthday.
 The targets set up under Ninth-Plan are 17.5
million cataract operations and 100,000
corneal implants in between the period 1997-
2002.

51. Beneficiaries
1. Children below 5 years of age.
Objectives
1. Prevention of blindness due to Vitamin ‘A’
deficiency.
2. Supplementation of Vitamin ‘A’ to all the
children below 5 years of age.
3. Providing comprehensive eye care services at
primary, secondary and tertiary health care level
and
4. Achieving substantial reduction in the prevalence
of eye disease in general and blindness in
particular.

52.  Iodine is an essential micronutrient with an
average daily at 100-150 micrograms for
normal human growth and development.
 Deficiency of Iodine can cause physical and
mental retardation, cretinism, abortions,
stillbirth, deaf mutism, squint & various types
of goitre.
 It is estimated that more than 71 million
persons are suffering from goitre and other
Iodine Deficiency Disorders.

53.  The Government is implementing the National
Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme
(NIDDCP) formerly known as National Goiter
Control Programme (NGCP) since 1962 a 100%
centrally assisted programme with a focus on the
provision of Iodated salt, IDD survey/ resurvey,
laboratory monitoring of Iodated salt and Urinary
Iodine excretion, health education and publicity.
 The programme was initially called as "Goitre
Control Programme" and was renamed by Govt.
of India in 1992 as NIDDCP. The programme is
monitored by the Deputy Director Health Services
situated in the Directorate of Health Services,
Mumbai.

54. Objectives
 Surveillance of Goitre cases
 Supply of iodized salt in place of common
salt.
 Monitoring through analysis of salt and urine
samples.
 Assessment of impact of control measures
over a period of time.
To monitor regular intake of iodized
salt by people in ITDP blocks, estimation of
urinary iodine levels has been initiated at the
State Public Health Laboratory, Pune since the
year 1996-97.

55. The Tamil Nadu Integrated Nutrition Project was
started in 1980 targeting at 6-36 months old
children, and pregnant and lactating women.
TIMP aimed for:
Objectives:
 To reduce malnutrition upto 50% among children
under 4 years of age;
 To reduce infant mortality by 25%;
 To reduce Vit-A deficiency in the under 5 year
from about 27% to 5%; and
 To reduce ammonia in pregnant and nursing
women from about 55% to about 20%.

56. This project has four major components:
1. Nutrition services,
2. Health services,
3. Communication, and
4. Monitoring and evaluation.
The Goals of the programme were:
1) To increase the proportion of children classified as
"nutritionally normal" by 50% in new and 35% in TINP-II
areas;
2) To reduce the infant mortality to 55% per 1000 live
births; and
3) To 50% reduction in incidence of low birth weight.
The projects are assisted by World Bank and with the goal
of universalisation of ICDs all the TINP blocks will be
converted to ICDS blocks.

57.  The “Antyodaya Anna Yojana” (AAY) was launched
in December, 2000 for one crore poorest of the
poor families.
 AAY contemplates identification of poorest of the
poor families from amongst the BPL families
covered under TPDS (Targeted public distribution
system) within the States and providing them food
grains at a highly subsidized rate of Rs.2/ per kg.
for wheat and Rs. 3/ per kg for rice.
 The scale of issue that was initially 25 kg per
family per month has been increased to 35 kg per
family per month with effect from 1st April, 2002.
The AAY Scheme has been expanded in 2003-
2004 by adding another 50 lakh households from
amongst the BPL families.

58. The following criteria will be adopted for
identification of additional Antyodaya families:
 Landless agriculture labourers, marginal farmers,
rural artisans/craftsmen such as potters, tanners,
weavers, blacksmiths, carpenters, slum dwellers,
and persons earning their livelihood on daily
basis in the informal sector like porters, coolies,
rickshaw pullers, hand cart pullers, fruit and
flower sellers, snake charmers, rag pickers,
cobblers, destitutes and other similar categories
in both rural and urban areas.
 Households headed by widows or terminally ill
persons/disabled persons/persons aged 60 years
or more with no assured means of subsistence or
societal support.

59.  Widows or terminally ill persons or disabled
persons or persons aged 60 years or more or
single women or single men with no family or
societal support or assured means of
subsistence.
 All primitive tribal households.
 As announced in the Union Budget 2005-06,
the AAY has further been expanded to cover
another 50 lakh BPL households thus
increasing its overage to 2.5 crore
households.

60.  Emergency feeding programme 2011
This was introduced in May, 2001 in selected
states (Orissa)
Emergency Feeding Programme, is a food-
based intervention targeted for old, infirm
and destitute persons belonging to BPL
households to provide them food security in
their distress conditions.
Cooked food containing, rice- 200gms, Dal
(pulse)- 40 gms, vegetables- 30 gms is
provided in the diet of each EFP beneficiary
daily by the Government.

61. Village grain banks scheme :
 Village Grain Bank Scheme implemented by
the Ministry of Tribal Affairs to provide
safeguard against starvation during the
period of natural calamity or during lean
season when the marginalized food insecure
households do not have sufficient resources
to purchase rations.

62.  National food for work programme :
National Food for Work Programme to provide
supplementary wage employment and food
security Implemented in tribal belts. The
scheme will provide 100 days of employment
at minimum wages for at least one able-
bodied person from each household in the
country.
 Pulse mission:
Pulse Mission pulse production has been
stagnant for five decades. Pulse Mission
(India’s Food Security Mission) aimed at
increasing pulse production. Aimed to
improve pulse production by 2 million tones
by2011-12

63. National water supply and sanitation programme
National Water Supply and Sanitation Programme
Launched in 1954 Provide safe water supply and
adequate drainage facilities for the entire urban
and rural population of the country.
Minimum needs programme:
Minimum Needs Programme Launched on 1974
Objective To provide basic minimum needs and
thereby improve the living standards of people
It Includes Rural Health Rural water Supply Rural
electrification Elementary education Adult
education Nutrition Environmental improvement
of urban slums House for landless laborers.

64. 20 Point programme 1975:
 20 Point Programme 1975 Objectives:
Eradication of poverty, raising productivity,
reducing inequality, improving quality of life.
 National Children's Fund 1979 This Fund
Provides support to the voluntary
organizations that help the welfare of
children. National Plan of Action for
Children1990 United Nations Children's Fund
National Rural Health Mission2005-2012

65. National Rural Health Mission2005-2012:
 National Rural Health Mission2005-2012
Reduce the infant mortality rate (IMR) and the
maternal mortality ratio (MMR)
 To have universal access to public health
services Prevent and control both
communicable and non-communicable
diseases, including locally endemic diseases
 To have access to integrated comprehensive
primary healthcare Create population
stabilization, as well as gender and
demographic balance Revitalize local health
traditions and mainstream AYUSH Finally, to
promote healthy life styles

66. Indirect programmes :
 National Cancer Control Programme
 National Diabetes Control Programme
 Poverty alleviation Programmes
 Environmental Sanitation Programmes
 Protected water supply programme
 Literacy programme

67. THANK YOU